scholarly journals Bioremediation of Artificial Diesel-Contaminated Soil Using Bacterial Consortium Immobilized to Plasma-Pretreated Wood Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravit Farber ◽  
Alona Rosenberg ◽  
Shmuel Rozenfeld ◽  
Gabi Banet ◽  
Rivka Cahan
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Diesel Biodegradation

Bioaugmentation is a bioremediation option based on increasing the natural in-situ microbial population that possesses the ability to degrade the contaminating pollutant. In this study, a diesel-degrading consortium was obtained from an oil-contaminated soil. The diesel-degrading consortium was grown on wood waste that was plasma-pretreated. This plasma treatment led to an increase of bacterial attachment and diesel degradation rates. On the 7th day the biofilm viability on the plasma-treated wood waste reached 0.53 ± 0.02 OD 540 nm, compared to the non-treated wood waste which was only 0.34 ± 0.02. Biofilm attached to plasma-treated and untreated wood waste which was inoculated into artificially diesel-contaminated soil (0.15% g/g) achieved a degradation rate of 9.3 mg day−1 and 7.8 mg day−1, respectively. While, in the soil that was inoculated with planktonic bacteria, degradation was only 5.7 mg day−1. Exposing the soil sample to high temperature (50 °C) or to different soil acidity did not influence the degradation rate of the biofilm attached to the plasma-treated wood waste. The two most abundant bacterial distributions at the family level were Xanthomonadaceae and Sphingomonadaceae. To our knowledge, this is the first study that showed the advantages of biofilm attached to plasma-pretreated wood waste for diesel biodegradation in soil.

scholarly journals Erratum: Farber, R.; Rosenberg, A.; Rozenfeld, S.; Banet, G.; Cahan, R. Bioremediation of Artificial Diesel-Contaminated Soil Using Bacterial Consortium Immobilized to Plasma-Pretreated Wood Waste. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 497

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravit Farber ◽  
Alona Rosenberg ◽  
Shmuel Rozenfeld ◽  
Gabi Banet ◽  
Rivka Cahan
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Wood Waste

The authors wish to make the following erratum in this paper [...]

scholarly journals Degradation of chlorpyrifos in contaminated soil by immobilized laccase

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1215-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Meng Yao ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yu Cao ◽  
Jia Bao
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Immobilized Laccase ◽  
Fungal Laccase ◽  
Immobilization Time ◽  
Degradation Rates

In the present study, the embedding-crosslinking method was used to immobilize fungal laccase, and to determine the suitable conditions for immobilization by measuring various activities of the immobilized laccase. In addition, the immobilized laccase was further employed to repair chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil, and then the degradation rates of chlorpyrifos were measured under different conditions. Based on the results, the appropriate conditions for the method of mbedding-crosslinking were found to be as follows: concentration of sodium alginate ? 3 %, concentration of glutaraldehyde ? 1 %, crosslinking time ? 6h, volume of crude laccase ? 60 ml, and immobilization time ? 4 h. After 48 h, the degradation rate of chlorpyrifos in soil could reach at least 70 % by the use of immobilized laccase that was prepared by the method of embedding-crosslinking under different environmental conditions.

Bioremediation of diesel fuel contaminated soil

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G Zytner ◽  
A Salb ◽  
T R Brook ◽  
M Leunissen ◽  
W H Stiver
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Rate Correlation

Field and laboratory studies were used to study the influence of temperature and O2on the bioremediation of diesel-fuel contaminated soil. Field data were obtained from a landfarm located in Northern Ontario, whereas laboratory experiments were conducted using bioreactors containing diesel-spiked soil and contaminated soil from the field site. Laboratory and field degradation rates were quantified based on changes in the total petroleum hydrocarbons concentration and some individual components, as well as by monitoring O2consumption and CO2evolution. A degradation rate correlation was developed from the laboratory data. Based on comparison with the laboratory data, the slow rate observed in the field was likely due to low O2concentrations at the site.Key words: bioremediation, diesel fuel, unsaturated soil, cold climate, degradation rate.

scholarly journals Air permeability and sound absorption coefficient changes from ultrasonic treatment in a cross section of Malas (Homalium foetidum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Won Kang ◽  
Eun-Suk Jang ◽  
Nam-Ho Lee ◽  
Sang-Sik Jang ◽  
Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Permeability Constant ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Permeability Increase

AbstractWe investigated the effect of ultrasonic treatment on Malas (Homalium foetidum) gas permeability and sound absorption coefficient using the transfer function method. Results showed a longitudinal average Darcy permeability constant of 2.02 (standard deviation SD 0.72) for untreated wood and 6.15 (SD 3.07) for ultrasound-treated wood, a permeability increase of 3.04 times. We also determined the average sound absorption coefficients in the range of 50 to 6.4 kHz and NRC (noise reduction coefficient: average value of sound absorption coefficient value at 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) of untreated Malas. Those values were 0.23 (SD 0.02) and 0.13 (SD 0.01), respectively, while those of ultrasonic-treated Malas were 0.28 (SD 0.02) and 0.14 (SD 0.02), a 19.74% increase in average sound absorption coefficient.

Growth behavior of wood-destroying fungi in chemically modified wood: wood degradation and translocation of nitrogen compounds

Holzforschung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Emmerich ◽  
Maja Bleckmann ◽  
Sarah Strohbusch ◽  
Christian Brischke ◽  
Susanne Bollmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Decay Tests ◽  
Modified Wood

Abstract Chemical wood modification has been used to modify wood and improve its decay resistance. However, the mode of protective action is still not fully understood. Occasionally, outdoor products made from chemically modified timber (CMT) show internal decay while their outer shell remains intact. Hence, it was hypothesized that wood decay fungi may grow through CMT without losing their capability to degrade non-modified wood. This study aimed at developing a laboratory test set-up to investigate (1) whether decay fungi grow through CMT and (2) retain their ability to degrade non-modified wood. Acetylated and 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) treated wood were used in decay tests with modified ‘mantle specimens’ and untreated ‘core dowels’. It became evident that white rot (Trametes versicolor), brown rot (Coniophora puteana) and soft rot fungi can grow through CMT without losing their ability to degrade untreated wood. Consequently, full volume impregnation of wood with the modifying agent is required to achieve complete protection of wooden products. In decay tests with DMDHEU treated specimens, significant amounts of apparently non-fixated DMDHEU were translocated from modified mantle specimens to untreated wood cores. A diffusion-driven transport of nitrogen and DMDHEU seemed to be responsible for mass translocation during decay testing.

Phytoremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2737-2740
Author(s):  
Chun Rong Li ◽  
Abao Wei ◽  
Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Degradation Kinetic ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil

Corn, sunflower and alfalfa were taken as remediation plants. Their phytoremediation and degradation kinetic of petroleum were investigated under field experiment. The results indicated that petroleum degradation rates of corn, sunflower and alfalfa remediation areas reached 42.5%, 46.4% and 44.7% after 150 days of remediation, which were increased by 100.5%, 118.9% and 110.8% compared with that in control area, respectively. Petroleum degradation rates of sunflower remediation areas﹥alfalfa remediation areas’﹥corn remediation areas’, whose half-lifes were 165d, 182d and 193d, respectively, which were decreased by 297d, 279d and 269d compared with that in control area, respectively. The remediation effects of corn, sunflower and alfalfa were obvious.

Interaction with Endogenous Microorganisms, Comamonas testosteroni Enhanced the Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueting Sun ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Ziwei Jiang ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract This study was to explore the functional role of Comamonas testosteroni (Ct) on soil indigenous microorganisms, and analyze the effect of Ct on PAHs degradation in PAH-contaminated soil. Results showed that inoculation of Ct could degrade naphthalene (Nap), phenanthrene (Phe), and benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) significantly. The degradation rate of Nap, Phe and BaP was 81.18%, 63.38% and 37.98% on day 25, respectively, suggesting that the low molecular weight of Nap and Phe were easier to be degraded by microorganisms than BaP. Network analysis showed that inoculation of Ct significantly increased the bacteria closely related to PAHs. Structural equation models confirmed Steroidobacter as functional bacteria could affect the degradation of Nap and BaP. Inoculated Ct could effectively enhance the synergy among indigenous bacteria to degrade PAHs. This would be helpful to understand the function of inoculated strains in PAH-contaminated soil and identify functional microorganisms of PAHs remediation.

Laccase-catalyzed functionalization with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylurea significantly improves internal bond of particle boards

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Fackler ◽  
Thomas Kuncinger ◽  
Thomas Ters ◽  
Ewald Srebotnik
Keyword(s):  
Internal Bond ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wood Particles

Abstract Enzymatic functionalization is an attractive tool to provide a reactive interface for further processing of lignocellulosic materials, such as wood particles and fibers. Here, spruce wood particles have been functionalized by fungal laccase combined with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzylamine (HMBA) or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylurea (HMBU). The expectation was crosslinking with resins in subsequent glueing processes, which should improve strength properties of particle boards. Essential process parameters, such as liquid to solid mass ratio and treatment time, were optimized on a laboratory scale resulting in HMBA and HMBU binding yields of 90% and above as determined by radiochemical mass balance analysis. We employed a multifactorial experimental design for board production from treated wood particles and urea/formaldehyde resin. Mechanical testing and multivariate data analysis revealed, for the first time, an increase of internal bond (IB) as a result of functionalization with HMBU. HMBA was not successful. Variance analysis of relevant parameters and their interactions demonstrated a highly significant difference (P>99.99%) between boards treated with laccase/HMBU versus untreated wood particles. Due to positive interactions, functionalization was most effective at high bulk density (750 kg m-3) and high resin content (10%) resulting in a calculated IB improvement of 0.12 N m-2 (21%).

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