scholarly journals Multi-Directional Universal Energy Harvesting Ball

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Hall ◽  
Reza Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Spherical Core ◽  
Moving Fluid

This paper discusses the development of a multi-directional, universal, electromagnetic energy harvester. The device is a ball consisting of two parts: a rigid spherical core with internal tubes, coils and magnets, and a flexible silicone-based shell holding a carrier fluid. The multi-directional aspect of the design comes from the device’s spherical shape. The harvester generates energy when subject to compressive force, by moving fluid through a tube, pushing a permanently magnetized ball through a coil wound around the tube. A combination of 3-D printed PLA plastic and molded silicone was used to produce a prototype. The energy harvester can be utilized in applications where there is an oscillating compression and it is not limited to certain applications due to its universal ball shape. It was tested at five different frequencies between 4–15 Hz on its four different outer sides producing electricity at a range of 17 to 44 mV.

A Belleville-Spring Based Piezoelectric or Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Castagnetti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Modal Response ◽  
Force Displacement

Energy harvesting from kinetic ambient energy requires converters able to efficiently operate in the low frequency range. A limit of the solutions proposed in the literature, both electromagnetic and piezoelectric, is their operating frequency, which generally ranges from about 50 to 300 Hz. To overcome these limitations, this work proposes an innovative energy harvester exploiting two counteracting Belleville springs. Thanks to the peculiar height to thickness ratio of the springs a highly compliant elastic system is obtained, which can be used either for electromagnetic or piezoelectric harvesting. The harvester is modelled analytically and numerically both with regard to the force-displacement and to the modal response. The experimental validation of the harvester, highlights a noticeable power output but at a higher eigenfrequency than expected.

Modeling and Experimental Verification of Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting From Plate Structures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. R. El-Hebeary ◽  
Mustafa H. Arafa ◽  
Said M. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Plate Structures ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Modes Of Vibration ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting ◽  
Plate Dynamic

The focus of the present work is on the design of plate structures for vibration energy harvesting from two closely-spaced modes of vibration. The work is motivated by the quest to design resonators that respond to variable-frequency sources of base motion. The geometry of two-dimensional structures, such as trapezoidal and V-shaped plates, is explored to obtain two closely-spaced harvestable vibration modes to scavenge energy across a broader bandwidth. To this end, an electromagnetic energy harvester in the form of a base excited plate is proposed. The plate carries tip magnets that oscillate past stationary coils to generate power from the first two modes of vibration. The plate dynamic behavior is governed by its geometry and placement of the magnets on its tip. An effort is made to optimize the system configuration so as to control the spacing between the resonance frequencies while efficiently harvesting energy from both modes. Findings of the present work are verified both numerically and experimentally.

Broadband Energy Harvesting From Vibrations Using Magnetic Transduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Effective Bandwidth ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Objective Function

In this paper, an adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester is proposed and analyzed. It is composed of an oscillating mass equipped with an electromagnetic transducer, whose pins are connected to a resonant resistive–inductive–capacitive electric circuit in order to increase its effective bandwidth. Closed-form expressions for the optimal circuit parameters are presented, which maximize the power harvested by the device under harmonic excitation. The harvesting efficiency, defined as the ratio between the harvested power and the power absorbed by the oscillating device, is also reported. It is used as an alternative objective function for the optimization of the harvester circuit parameters.

An Electromagnetic Energy Harvester of Large-scale Bistable Motion by Application of Stochastic Resonance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Rencheng Zheng ◽  
Xiangyan Yin ◽  
Xilu Zhao ◽  
Kimihiko Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Systematic Response

Abstract Vibrational energy harvesting has attracted considerable research attention for electrical power collection from ambient vibrations. Thereby, this study firstly developed an electromagnetic energy harvester of large-scale bistable motion by application of stochastic resonance, to enhance energy harvesting efficiency at a broadly low frequency. The electromagnetic energy harvester is fabricated by a magnet-coil generator and an oblique-supported spring-mass system. In the beginning, a weighting function is originally proposed considering mutual position relationship of the magnet and coil, and a motion equation and an electromagnetic induction equation are simultaneously established considering both elastic spring recovery force and electromagnetic induction Lorentz force. Subsequently, numerical analysis is processed to resolve the simultaneous equations to obtain systematic response displacement and the induced voltage, and the numerical solutions are accurately consistent with the measuring results in validation experiments. Furthermore, a damping coefficient is identified considering the mutual effectiveness of the damping forces from the normal friction and electromagnetic induction, and the influence of electromagnetic induction damping on systematic response displacement is carefully discussed. Eventually, experimental results clarified that the stochastic resonance phenomenon actually occurred as a large-scale bistable motion, and it is further validated that power generation efficiency can be noticeably enhanced following amplitude amplifications of systematic response displacement.

Simply supported FPEDs connected by springs for broadband energy harvesting

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Tanaka ◽  
Satoru Odake ◽  
Jun Miyake ◽  
Hidemi Mutsuda ◽  
Atanas A. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Polyvinylidene Difluoride ◽  
Simply Supported

Energy harvesting methods that use functional materials have attracted interest because they can take advantage of an abundant but underutilized energy source. Most vibration energy harvester designs operate most effectively around their resonant frequency. However, in practice, the frequency band for ambient vibrational energy is typically broad. The development of technologies for broadband energy harvesting is therefore desirable. The authors previously proposed an energy harvester, called a flexible piezoelectric device (FPED), that consists of a piezoelectric film (polyvinylidene difluoride) and a soft material, such as silicon rubber or polyethylene terephthalate. The authors also proposed a system based on FPEDs for broadband energy harvesting. The system consisted of cantilevered FPEDs, with each FPED connected via a spring. Simply supported FPEDs also have potential for broadband energy harvesting, and here, a theoretical evaluation method is proposed for such a system. Experiments are conducted to validate the derived model.

Scavenging vibrational energy with a novel bistable electromagnetic energy harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 025022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yan ◽  
Ning Yu ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Hongye Ma ◽  
Chuanyu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy

scholarly journals Electrode and electrolyte configurations for low frequency motion energy harvesting based on reverse electrowetting

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pashupati R. Adhikari ◽  
Nishat T. Tasneem ◽  
Russell C. Reid ◽  
Ifana Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Bias Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Electrowetting On Dielectric ◽  
External Bias ◽  
Motion Energy ◽  
Ac Current ◽  
Self Powered

AbstractIncreasing demand for self-powered wearable sensors has spurred an urgent need to develop energy harvesting systems that can reliably and sufficiently power these devices. Within the last decade, reverse electrowetting-on-dielectric (REWOD)-based mechanical motion energy harvesting has been developed, where an electrolyte is modulated (repeatedly squeezed) between two dissimilar electrodes under an externally applied mechanical force to generate an AC current. In this work, we explored various combinations of electrolyte concentrations, dielectrics, and dielectric thicknesses to generate maximum output power employing REWOD energy harvester. With the objective of implementing a fully self-powered wearable sensor, a “zero applied-bias-voltage” approach was adopted. Three different concentrations of sodium chloride aqueous solutions (NaCl-0.1 M, NaCl-0.5 M, and NaCl-1.0 M) were used as electrolytes. Likewise, electrodes were fabricated with three different dielectric thicknesses (100 nm, 150 nm, and 200 nm) of Al2O3 and SiO2 with an additional layer of CYTOP for surface hydrophobicity. The REWOD energy harvester and its electrode–electrolyte layers were modeled using lumped components that include a resistor, a capacitor, and a current source representing the harvester. Without using any external bias voltage, AC current generation with a power density of 53.3 nW/cm2 was demonstrated at an external excitation frequency of 3 Hz with an optimal external load. The experimental results were analytically verified using the derived theoretical model. Superior performance of the harvester in terms of the figure-of-merit comparing previously reported works is demonstrated. The novelty of this work lies in the combination of an analytical modeling method and experimental validation that together can be used to increase the REWOD harvested power extensively without requiring any external bias voltage.

scholarly journals Load Resistance Optimization of Bi-Stable Electromagnetic Energy Harvester Based on Harmonic Balance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Sungryong Bae ◽  
Pilkee Kim
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Harmonic Balance ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Matching Techniques

In this study, a semi-analytic approach to optimizing the external load resistance of a bi-stable electromagnetic energy harvester is presented based on the harmonic balance method. The harmonic balance analyses for the primary harmonic (period-1T) and two subharmonic (period-3T and 5T) interwell motions of the energy harvester are performed with the Fourier series solutions of the individual motions determined by spectral analyses. For each motion, an optimization problem for maximizing the output power of the energy harvester is formulated based on the harmonic balance solutions and then solved to estimate the optimal external load resistance. The results of a parametric study show that the optimal load resistance significantly depends on the inductive reactance and internal resistance of a solenoid coil––the higher the oscillation frequency of an interwell motion (or the larger the inductance of the coil) is, the larger the optimal load resistance. In particular, when the frequency of the ambient vibration source is relatively high, the non-linear dynamic characteristics of an interwell motion should be considered in the optimization process of the electromagnetic energy harvester. Compared with conventional resistance-matching techniques, the proposed semi-analytic approach could provide a more accurate estimation of the external load resistance.

Enhanced swing electromagnetic energy harvesting from human motion

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 120591
Author(s):  
Ning Zhou ◽  
Zehao Hou ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Chris R. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting
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