An Electromagnetic Energy Harvester of Large-scale Bistable Motion by Application of Stochastic Resonance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Rencheng Zheng ◽  
Xiangyan Yin ◽  
Xilu Zhao ◽  
Kimihiko Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Systematic Response

Abstract Vibrational energy harvesting has attracted considerable research attention for electrical power collection from ambient vibrations. Thereby, this study firstly developed an electromagnetic energy harvester of large-scale bistable motion by application of stochastic resonance, to enhance energy harvesting efficiency at a broadly low frequency. The electromagnetic energy harvester is fabricated by a magnet-coil generator and an oblique-supported spring-mass system. In the beginning, a weighting function is originally proposed considering mutual position relationship of the magnet and coil, and a motion equation and an electromagnetic induction equation are simultaneously established considering both elastic spring recovery force and electromagnetic induction Lorentz force. Subsequently, numerical analysis is processed to resolve the simultaneous equations to obtain systematic response displacement and the induced voltage, and the numerical solutions are accurately consistent with the measuring results in validation experiments. Furthermore, a damping coefficient is identified considering the mutual effectiveness of the damping forces from the normal friction and electromagnetic induction, and the influence of electromagnetic induction damping on systematic response displacement is carefully discussed. Eventually, experimental results clarified that the stochastic resonance phenomenon actually occurred as a large-scale bistable motion, and it is further validated that power generation efficiency can be noticeably enhanced following amplitude amplifications of systematic response displacement.

A Belleville-Spring Based Piezoelectric or Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Castagnetti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Modal Response ◽  
Force Displacement

Energy harvesting from kinetic ambient energy requires converters able to efficiently operate in the low frequency range. A limit of the solutions proposed in the literature, both electromagnetic and piezoelectric, is their operating frequency, which generally ranges from about 50 to 300 Hz. To overcome these limitations, this work proposes an innovative energy harvester exploiting two counteracting Belleville springs. Thanks to the peculiar height to thickness ratio of the springs a highly compliant elastic system is obtained, which can be used either for electromagnetic or piezoelectric harvesting. The harvester is modelled analytically and numerically both with regard to the force-displacement and to the modal response. The experimental validation of the harvester, highlights a noticeable power output but at a higher eigenfrequency than expected.

Optimizing the Electrical Power in an Energy Harvesting System

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Coccolo ◽  
Grzegorz Litak ◽  
Jesús M. Seoane ◽  
Miguel A. F. Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Vibrational Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

In this paper, we study the vibrational resonance (VR) phenomenon as a useful mechanism for energy harvesting purposes. A system, driven by a low frequency and a high frequency forcing, can give birth to the vibrational resonance phenomenon, when the two forcing amplitudes resonate and a maximum in amplitude is reached. We apply this idea to a bistable oscillator that can convert environmental kinetic energy into electrical energy, that is, an energy harvester. Normally, the VR phenomenon is studied in terms of the forcing amplitudes or of the frequencies, that are not always easy to adjust and change. Here, we study the VR generated by tuning another parameter that is possible to manipulate when the forcing values depend on the environmental conditions. We have investigated the dependence of the maximum response due to the VR for small and large variations in the forcing amplitudes and frequencies. Besides, we have plotted color coded figures in the space of the two forcing amplitudes, in which it is possible to appreciate different patterns in the electrical power generated by the system. These patterns provide useful information on the forcing amplitudes in order to produce the optimal electrical power.

scholarly journals Investigation of a Nonlinear Vibrational Energy Harvester in the Stochastic Resonance Regime

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Andò ◽  
Salvatore Baglio ◽  
Adi R. Bulsara ◽  
Vincenzo Marletta
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Sinusoidal Vibration ◽  
Sinusoidal Input ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Stochastic Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

In this paper the possibility to exploit advantageously the Stochastic Resonance phenomenon in a Nonlinear Energy Harvester to scavenge energy from wide band mechanical vibrations is experimentally demonstrated. The device is demonstrated to be capable of scavenging energy in case of a subthreshold sinusoidal vibration and a wideband noise (limited at 100 Hz) superimposed. The existence of an optimal value of the noise intensity maximizing the switching ratio of the bistable beam, then the performances, is experimentally demonstrated. The harvester is observed to generate power up to about 60 µW and 150 µW in case of a subthreshold sinusoidal input at 1 Hz and 3 Hz with a superimposed noise limited at 100 Hz.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Technology: Key to Sustainability in Transportation Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Gholikhani ◽  
Seyed Amid Tahami ◽  
Mohammadreza Khalili ◽  
Samer Dessouky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting

The convergence of concerns about environmental quality, economic vitality, social equity, and climate change have led to vast interest in the concept of sustainability. Energy harvesting from roadways is an innovative way to provide green and renewable energy for sustainable transportation. However, energy harvesting technologies are in their infancy, so limited studies were conducted to evaluate their performance. This article introduces innovative electromagnetic energy harvesting technology that includes two different mechanisms to generate electrical power: a cantilever generator mechanism and a rotational mechanism. Laboratory experimental tests were conducted to examine the performance of the two mechanisms in generating power under different simulated traffic conditions. The experimental results had approximately root mean square power 0.43 W and 0.04 W and maximum power of 2.8 W and 0.25 W for cantilever and rotational, respectively. These results showed promising capability for both mechanisms in generating power under real traffic conditions. In addition, the study revealed the potential benefits of energy harvesting from roadways to support sustainability in transportation systems. Overall, the findings show that energy harvesting can impact sustainable transportation systems significantly. However, further examination of the large-scale effects of energy harvesting from roadways on sustainability is needed.

scholarly journals Multi-Directional Universal Energy Harvesting Ball

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Hall ◽  
Reza Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Spherical Core ◽  
Moving Fluid

This paper discusses the development of a multi-directional, universal, electromagnetic energy harvester. The device is a ball consisting of two parts: a rigid spherical core with internal tubes, coils and magnets, and a flexible silicone-based shell holding a carrier fluid. The multi-directional aspect of the design comes from the device’s spherical shape. The harvester generates energy when subject to compressive force, by moving fluid through a tube, pushing a permanently magnetized ball through a coil wound around the tube. A combination of 3-D printed PLA plastic and molded silicone was used to produce a prototype. The energy harvester can be utilized in applications where there is an oscillating compression and it is not limited to certain applications due to its universal ball shape. It was tested at five different frequencies between 4–15 Hz on its four different outer sides producing electricity at a range of 17 to 44 mV.

Modeling and Experimental Verification of Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting From Plate Structures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. R. El-Hebeary ◽  
Mustafa H. Arafa ◽  
Said M. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Plate Structures ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Modes Of Vibration ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting ◽  
Plate Dynamic

The focus of the present work is on the design of plate structures for vibration energy harvesting from two closely-spaced modes of vibration. The work is motivated by the quest to design resonators that respond to variable-frequency sources of base motion. The geometry of two-dimensional structures, such as trapezoidal and V-shaped plates, is explored to obtain two closely-spaced harvestable vibration modes to scavenge energy across a broader bandwidth. To this end, an electromagnetic energy harvester in the form of a base excited plate is proposed. The plate carries tip magnets that oscillate past stationary coils to generate power from the first two modes of vibration. The plate dynamic behavior is governed by its geometry and placement of the magnets on its tip. An effort is made to optimize the system configuration so as to control the spacing between the resonance frequencies while efficiently harvesting energy from both modes. Findings of the present work are verified both numerically and experimentally.

Broadband Energy Harvesting From Vibrations Using Magnetic Transduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Effective Bandwidth ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Objective Function

In this paper, an adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester is proposed and analyzed. It is composed of an oscillating mass equipped with an electromagnetic transducer, whose pins are connected to a resonant resistive–inductive–capacitive electric circuit in order to increase its effective bandwidth. Closed-form expressions for the optimal circuit parameters are presented, which maximize the power harvested by the device under harmonic excitation. The harvesting efficiency, defined as the ratio between the harvested power and the power absorbed by the oscillating device, is also reported. It is used as an alternative objective function for the optimization of the harvester circuit parameters.

Development of large-scale bistable motion system for energy harvesting by application of stochastic resonance

2020 ◽  
Vol 473 ◽  
pp. 115213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Xilu Zhao ◽  
Kimihiko Nakano ◽  
Rencheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Motion System

Characterization of a Multifunctional Bioinspired Piezoelectric Swimmer and Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Cheng Wang ◽  
Eetu Kohtanen ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Robotic Fish ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Abstract Fiber-based flexible piezoelectric composites with interdigitated electrodes, namely Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC) structures, strike a balance between the deformation and actuation force capabilities for effective underwater bio-inspired locomotion. These materials are also suitable for vibration-based energy harvesting toward enabling self-powered electronic components. In this work, we design, fabricate, and experimentally characterize an MFC-based bio-inspired swimmer-energy harvester platform. Following in vacuo and in air frequency response experiments, the proposed piezoelectric robotic fish platform is tested and characterized under water for its swimming performance both in free locomotion (in a large water tank) and also in a closed-loop water channel under imposed flow. In addition to swimming speed characterization under resonant actuation, hydrodynamic thrust resultant in both quiescent water and under imposed flow are quantified experimentally. We show that the proposed design easily produces thrust levels on the order of biological fish with similar dimensions. Overall it produces thrust levels higher than other smart material-based designs (such as soft material-based concepts), while offering geometric scalability and silent operation unlike large scale robotic fish platforms that use conventional and bulky actuators. The performance of this untethered swimmer platform in piezoelectric energy harvesting is also quantified by underwater base excitation experiments in a quiescent water and via vortex induced-vibration (VIV) experiments under imposed flow in a water channel. Following basic resistor sweep experiments in underwater base excitation experiments, VIV tests are conducted for cylindrical bluff body configurations of different diameters and distances from the leading edge of the energy harvesting tail portion. The resulting concept and design can find use for underwater swimmer and sensor applications such as ecological monitoring, among others.

Harnessing Kinetic Energy From Human Motions With a High-Efficiency Wearable Electromagnetic Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Peng ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Shaorong Xie ◽  
Huayan Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Current Output

Abstract Recent years have witnessed explosive increase in the number of wearable devices in the market and industry. However, hardly have these devices gained the ability to capture energy from hosts and then get self-charged. In this paper, we design and build a novel wearable electromagnetic energy harvester to scavenge the kinetic energy of human ankle during walking or running. The design is composed of mainly three parts: a spring-mass system, rolling ball pair and the electromagnetic transduction mechanism. The harvester adopts an array of alternating south- and north-pole magnets. This arrangement allows the array exhibits a unique phenomenon, i.e. abrupt magnetic flux density changes within the array. Because of this phenomenon, the harvester displays excellent performance such as relatively high voltage and high power output. We then conducted FEM analysis to validate the hypothetical abrupt flux density changes. A prototype was fabricated for experimental studies. We investigated open-circuit voltage output, current output, and power as well as charging performance into energy storage components. The result shows that harvester possesses excellent performance with the maximum output voltage of 8.64V, peak-peak power of 700mW and the highest volume power density of 24.9mW/cm3. The energy harvester, as a renewable portable power source, can be of great significance for powering smart wearable electronic devices and health care monitoring sensors.

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