scholarly journals The Influence of Drying Temperatures on the Metabolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Manilkara zapota Leaves

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernández-Bolio ◽  
Dzul-Romero ◽  
Velázquez ◽  
Cresencio ◽  
Hernández-Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Drying Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

In the present study, the leaves of Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen (Sapotaceae), an evergreen tree recognized for its medicinal properties in Southern Mexico, were used as a model to study the effect of different drying temperatures on its metabolic profile and therefore, its antioxidant potential. For this purpose, a methanol extraction of leaves dried at room temperature (25 °C) or by heat convection (50, 75 and 100 °C) were compared in terms of drying efficiency, yield of extraction, total phenol content, 1H-NMR metabolic profile, and DPPH antioxidant activity. The drying curves enabled the fact to be uncovered that drying efficiency improves with increase of temperature, as does the level of total phenols and antioxidant activity. A metabolomics approach using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) of the corresponding 1H-NMR profiles allowed the impact of the drying temperature on their metabolic profile to be documented and also, caffeic acid and epicatechin as main secondary metabolites contributing to the antioxidant activity of M. zapota to be identified.

scholarly journals Analysis of Primary Metabolites in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Varieties Correlated with Antioxidant Activity and Taste Attributes by Metabolic Profiling

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4282
Author(s):  
Ryota Mabuchi ◽  
Mao Tanaka ◽  
Chihori Nakanishi ◽  
Nanako Takatani ◽  
Shota Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, have many health benefits arising from their antioxidant and anticancer properties. These properties are endowed by the metabolite composition of the plant, and it is therefore important to elucidate the metabolic profile and associated activities in this genus. This study objectively evaluated the characteristics of cabbage varieties using metabolic profiling to identify the primary metabolic components that correlate with antioxidant activity and taste attributes. GC-MS analysis was used to identify the primary metabolites. Antioxidant activity was measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging assays, and an electronic tongue was used to quantitate nine taste attributes. Orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) using SIMCA 14 correlated the metabolite components with the taste and antioxidant characteristics. We identified 4-aminobutyric acid, fructose 1-phosphate, adipic acid, 5-oxoproline, N-acetylglycine, O-phosphoethanolamine, and homovanillic acid as important determinants of DPPH scavenging activity and umami, sourness, acidic bitterness, irritant and saltiness, bitterness, astringency, and richness, respectively. These metabolites represent markers indicating breed differences and contribute to differential cabbage functionality. These studies could be extended to measure additional metabolites, as well as to understand the role of growth conditions on the metabolic profile and health benefits of plants.

NMR Metabolomics Investigates the Influence of Flavonoid-Enriched Rations on Chicken Plasma

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalambos Fotakis ◽  
Dimitra Z Lantzouraki ◽  
Michael Goliomytis ◽  
Panagiotis E Simitzis ◽  
Maria Charismiadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Chicken Blood ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Acetic Acids

Abstract The use of flavonoids as dietary supplements is well established, mainly due to their intense antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, hesperidin, naringin, and vitamin E were used as additives at different concentrations in poultry rations in order to achieve meat of improved quality. NMR metabolomics was applied to chicken blood serum samples to discern whether and how the enriched rations affected the animals' metabolic profile. Variations in the metabolic patterns according to sustenance consumption were tracedby orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models and were attributed to specific metabolites by using S-line plots. In particular, serum samples from chickens fed with vitamin E displayed higher concentrations of glycine and succinic acid compared to control samples, which were mainly characterized by betaine, formic acid, and lipoproteins. Samples from chickens fed with hesperidin were characterizedby increased levels of lactic acid, citric acid, creatine, carnosine, creatinine, phosphocreatine, anserine, glucose, and alanine compared to control samples. Lastly, naringin samples exhibited increased levels of citric and acetic acids. Results verify the scalability of NMR metabolomics to highlight metabolite variations among chicken serum samples in relation to food rations.

scholarly journals Comparative NMR Metabolomics Profiling between Mexican Ancestral & Artisanal Mezcals and Industrialized Wines to Discriminate Geographical Origins, Agave Species or Grape Varieties and Manufacturing Processes as a Function of Their Quality Attributes

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Rosa López-Aguilar ◽  
Holber Zuleta-Prada ◽  
Arturo Hernández-Montes ◽  
José Enrique Herbert-Pucheta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Quality Controls ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
First Time

The oenological industry has benefited from the use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy in combination with Multivariate Statistical Analysis (MSA) as a foodomics tool for retrieving discriminant features related to geographical origins, grape varieties, and further quality controls. Said omics methods have gained such attention that Intergovernmental Organizations and Control Agencies are currently recommending their massive use amongst countries as quality compliances for tracking standard and degradation parameters, fermentation products, polyphenols, amino acids, geographical origins, appellations d’origine contrôlée and type of monovarietal strains in wines. This study presents, for the first time, a 1H-NMR/MSA profiling of industrial Mexican wines, finding excellent statistical features to discriminate between oenological regions and grape varieties with supervised Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). In a comparative way, it is applied with the 1H-NMR/OPLS-DA workflow for the first time in ancestral and artisanal Mexican mezcals with promising results to discriminate between regions, agave species and manufacturing processes. The central aim of this comparative study is to extrapolate the know-how of wine-omics into the non-professionalized mezcal industry for establishing the NMR acquisition, preprocessing and statistical analysis basis to implement novel, non-invasive and highly reproducible regional, agave species and manufacturing-quality controls.

Non-linear modeling of 1H NMR metabonomic data using kernel-based orthogonal projections to latent structures optimized by simulated annealing

2011 ◽  
Vol 705 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith M. Fonville ◽  
Max Bylesjö ◽  
Muireann Coen ◽  
Jeremy K. Nicholson ◽  
Elaine Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Latent Structures

scholarly journals 1H-NMR Profiling Shows as Specific Constituents Strongly Affect the International EVOO Blends Characteristics: The Case of the Italian Oil

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Francesca Calò ◽  
Chiara Roberta Girelli ◽  
Federica Angilè ◽  
Laura Del Coco ◽  
Lucia Mazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
The World ◽  
Plateau Level

Considering the growing number of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) producers in the world, knowing the influence of olive oils with different geographical origins on the characteristics of the final blend becomes an interesting goal. The present work is focused on commercial organic EVOO blends obtained by mixing multiple oils from different geographical origins. These blends have been studied by 1H-NMR spectroscopy supported by multivariate statistical analysis. Specific characteristics of commercial organic EVOO blends originated by mixing oils from Italy, Tunisia, Portugal, Spain, and Greece were found to be associated with the increasing content of the Italian component. A linear progression of the metabolic profile defined characteristics for the analysed samples—up to a plateau level—was found in relation to the content of the main constituent of the Italian oil, the monocultivar Coratina. The Italian constituent percentage appears to be correlated with the fatty acids (oleic) and the polyphenols (tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and derivatives) content as major and minor components respectively. These results, which highlight important economic aspects, also show the utility of 1H-NMR associated with chemometric analysis as a powerful tool in this field. Mixing oils of different national origins, to obtain blends with specific characteristics, could be profitably controlled by this methodology.

scholarly journals Optimization of banana crop by-products solvent extraction for the production of bioactive compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Díaz ◽  
Antonio N. Benítez ◽  
Sara Ramírez-Bolaños ◽  
Lidia Robaina ◽  
Zaida Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Satisfactory Description ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
By Products ◽  
Banana Crops

AbstractThe aim of this work is the optimization of phenolic compound extraction from three by-products of banana crops (rachis, discarded banana, and banana’s pseudostem pulp), as a way to valorize them through a green extraction process. The influence of the temperature and aqueous ethanol concentration (Et-OH) on extract properties (total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity) was firstly analyzed. 78 ℃ and ethanol concentrations close to 50% yielded the best results for the three materials. The equations obtained by the response surface methodology gave a satisfactory description of the experimental data, allowing optimizing the extraction conditions. Under optimized conditions, time influence was then assessed, although this parameter seemed not influence results. Among the three by-products, rachis extract (60% Et-OH, 78 ℃, and 30 min) presented the highest TPC (796 mg gallic acid/100 g of dried material) and antioxidant activity (6.51 mg Trolox equivalents/g of dried material), followed by discarded banana, and pseudostem pulp. Under the optimal conditions, experiments were performed at a larger scale, allowing to determine the extraction yields (EY) and to characterize the extracts. The highest EY was obtained for the rachis (26%), but the extract with the highest activity was obtained for discarded banana (50% Et-OH, 78 ℃, and 60 min), which presented a TPC of 27.26 mg/g extract corresponding to 54.59 mg Trolox equivalents/g extract. This study contributes to the valorization of banana crops residues as a source of polyphenolic compounds with bioactive functions that can be extracted under economic extraction conditions. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Conventional and Organic Honeys as a Source of Water- and Ethanol Soluble Molecules with Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3746
Author(s):  
Magdalena Polak-Śliwińska ◽  
Małgorzata Tańska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The benefits of natural honeybee products (e.g., honey, royal jelly, beeswax, propolis, beevenom and pollen) to the immune system are remarkable, and many of them are involved in the induction of antibody production, maturation of immune cells and stimulation of the immune system. The type of plants in the geographical area, climatic conditions and production method have a significantly influence on the nutritional quality of honey. However, this variability can influence consumer liking by the sensory attributes of the product. The aim of this work was to compare the most popular honeys from Poland in terms of nutritional value, organoleptic properties and antioxidant activity. In the study, five varieties of honey (honeydew, forest, buckwheat, linden and dandelion) from conventional and organic production methods were tested. The nutritional characteristics of honey samples included acidity, content of water, sugars, vitamin C, HMF and phenolics (total and flavonoids), while honey color, taste, aroma and consistency were investigated in the organoleptic characteristics. The antioxidant activity was determined in water- and ethanol-soluble honey extracts using DPPH and ORAC tests. The results showed that organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of popular Polish honeys differ significantly in relation to plant source and production method. The significant effect of honey variety on the content of HMF, saccharose and phenolics, as well as acidity and antioxidant capacity were noted. The impact of variety and variety × production method interaction was significant in the case of the content of vitamin C, glucose and fructose. A visible difference of buckwheat and forest honeys from other samples was observed. The highest content of total phenolics with antioxidant activity based on the SET mechanism was found in buckwheat honeys, while forest honeys were richer in flavonoids.

scholarly journals Consumption of a High-Protein Meal Replacement Leads to Higher Fat Oxidation, Suppression of Hunger, and Improved Metabolic Profile After an Exercise Session

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Camila L. P. Oliveira ◽  
Normand G. Boulé ◽  
Aloys Berg ◽  
Arya M. Sharma ◽  
Sarah A. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
High Protein Meal ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of a high-protein meal replacement (HP-MR) versus a control (CON) breakfast on exercise metabolism. In this acute, randomized controlled, cross-over study, participants were allocated into two isocaloric arms: (a) HP-MR: 30% carbohydrate, 43% protein, and 27% fat; (b) CON: 55% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 30% fat. Following breakfast, participants performed a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise while inside a whole-body calorimetry unit. Energy expenditure, macronutrient oxidation, appetite sensations, and metabolic blood markers were assessed. Forty-three healthy, normal-weight adults (24 males) participated. Compared to the CON breakfast, the HP-MR produced higher fat oxidation (1.07 ± 0.33 g/session; p = 0.003) and lower carbohydrate oxidation (−2.32 ± 0.98 g/session; p = 0.023) and respiratory exchange ratio (−0.01 ± 0.00; p = 0.003) during exercise. After exercise, increases in hunger were lower during the HP-MR condition. Changes in blood markers from the fasting state to post-exercise during the HP-MR condition were greater for insulin, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine, and glucagon-like peptide 1, and lower for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and glycerol. Our primary findings were that an HP-MR produced higher fat oxidation during the exercise session, suppression of hunger, and improved metabolic profile after it.

scholarly journals Flexible Potentiometric Sensor System for Non-Invasive Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Human Skin: Application for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Phytocosmetic Products

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Tarasov ◽  
Ekaterina I. Khamzina ◽  
Maria A. Bukharinova ◽  
Natalia Yu. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Potentiometric Sensor ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
The Impact

In contemporary bioanalysis, monitoring the antioxidant activity (AOA) of the human skin is used to assess stresses, nutrition, cosmetics, and certain skin diseases. Non-invasive methods for skin AOA monitoring have certain advantages over invasive methods, namely cost-effectiveness, lower labor intensity, reduced risk of infection, and obtaining results in the real-time mode. This study presents a new flexible potentiometric sensor system (FPSS) for non-invasive determination of the human skin AOA, which is based on flexible film electrodes (FFEs) and membrane containing a mediator ([Fe(CN)6]3–/4–). Low-cost available materials and scalable technologies were used for FFEs manufacturing. The indicator FFE was fabricated based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and carbon veil (CV) by single-sided hot lamination. The reference FFE was fabricated based on PET film and silver paint by using screen printing, which was followed by the electrodeposition of precipitate containing a mixture of silver chloride and silver ferricyanide (SCSF). The three-electrode configuration of the FPSS, including two indicator FFEs (CV/PET) and one reference FFE (SCSF/Ag/PET), has been successfully used for measuring the skin AOA and evaluating the impact of phytocosmetic products. FPSS provides reproducible (RSD ≤ 7%) and accurate (recovery of antioxidants is almost 100%) results, which allows forecasting its broad applicability in human skin AOA monitoring as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of topically and orally applied antioxidants.

scholarly journals The Impact of Salt Stress on Plant Growth, Mineral Composition, and Antioxidant Activity in Tetragonia decumbens Mill.: An Underutilized Edible Halophyte in South Africa

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Avela Sogoni ◽  
Muhali Jimoh ◽  
Learnmore Kambizi ◽  
Charles Laubscher
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
The Impact

Climate change, expanding soil salinization, and the developing shortages of freshwater have negatively affected crop production around the world. Seawater and salinized lands represent potentially cultivable areas for edible salt-tolerant plants. In the present study, the effect of salinity stress on plant growth, mineral composition (macro-and micro-nutrients), and antioxidant activity in dune spinach (Tetragonia decumbens) were evaluated. The treatments consisted of three salt concentrations, 50, 100, and 200 mM, produced by adding NaCl to the nutrient solution. The control treatment had no NaCl but was sustained and irrigated by the nutrient solution. Results revealed a significant increase in total yield, branch production, and ferric reducing antioxidant power in plants irrigated with nutrient solution incorporated with 50 mM NaCl. Conversely, an increased level of salinity (200 mM) caused a decrease in chlorophyll content (SPAD), while the phenolic content, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sodium, increased. The results of this study indicate that there is potential for brackish water cultivation of dune spinach for consumption, especially in provinces experiencing the adverse effect of drought and salinity, where seawater or underground saline water could be diluted and used as irrigation water in the production of this vegetable.

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