scholarly journals Transformation of the Microstructure of Fe-Cr Steel during Its Production

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Andrés Núñez ◽  
Irene Collado ◽  
Juan F. Almagro ◽  
David L. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Final Annealing ◽  
Deep Drawability ◽  
Orientation Density ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Process Material

EN 1.4016 stainless steels combine good corrosion resistance with good formability and ductility. As such, their most popular applications are related to sheet forming. During re-crystallisation of Fe-Cr steels, deviations from the desired γ-fibre (gamma fibre, <111>||ND) texture promote a decrease in deep drawability. Additionally, α-fibre (alpha fibre, <110>||RD) has been found to be damaging to formability. In this study, an EN 1.4016 basic material and a modified one with optimised settings as regards to chemical composition and manufacturing process, in order to improve the formability properties, are characterised. The phase diagram, microstructure, Lankford coefficients and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) (results confirm the evolution of texture during the processing of ferritic stainless steel. Texture is analysed by the interpretation of Orientation Distribution Function (ODF), using orientation density results for each sample obtained in the processing route. The cube ({001} <100>) and rotated cube ({001} <110>) textures dominate the crystal orientation from the slab until the intermediate annealing stage. After final annealing, there is a texture evolution in both materials; the γ-fibre component dominates the texture, which is much more intense in modified material supported by components that show good deep drawability, {554} <225>, and good transition from hot to cold rolling, {332} <113>. The modified composition and process material delivers a better re-crystallisation status and, therefore, the best drawability performance.

Texture and Microstructure Evolution in Friction Stir Welded Cu-Al Sheets Characterized by EBSD

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 574-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Goran ◽  
G. Ji ◽  
M. N. Avettand-Fènoël ◽  
R. Taillard
Keyword(s):  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Weld Interface ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Ebsd Technique ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Texture and microstructure of FSW joined Al and Cu sheets were investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. The analysis has revealed a strong texture evolution on both sides of the weld interface as well as a very complex microstructure. Grains were found to be fully recrystallized on both sides of the weld and with different average diameters at different specific zones of the weld.

Deformation Structures in a Duplex Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Yvell ◽  
Göran Engberg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Deformation Structure ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The evolution of the deformation structure with strain has been studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Samples from interrupted uniaxial tensile tests and from a cyclic tension/compression test were investigated. The evolution of low angle boundaries (LABs) was studied using boundary maps and by measuring the LAB density. From calculations of local misorientations, smaller orientation changes in the substructure can be illustrated. The different orientations developed with strain within a grain, due to operation of different slip systems in different parts of the grain, were studied using a misorientation profile showing substantial orientation changes after a true strain of 0.24. The texture evolution with increasing strain was followed by using inverse pole figures (IPFs). The observed substructure development in the ferritic and austenitic phases could be successfully correlated with the stress-strain curve from a tensile test. LABs were first observed in the different phases when the strain hardening rate changed in appearance indicating that cross slip started to operate as a significant dislocation recovery mechanism. The evolution of the deformation structure is concluded to occur in a similar manner in the austenitic and ferritic phases but with different texture evolution for the two phases.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Texture Evolutions During Deep Drawing of Mg–Al–Mn Sheets at Elevated Temperatures

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyung Cho ◽  
Sang-Ho Han ◽  
Geon Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Twin Roll

Texture and microstructure evolution of ingot and twin-roll casted Mg–Al–Mn magnesium sheets were examined during deep drawing at elevated temperatures. The twin-roll casted sheets possessed smaller grain sizes and weaker basal intensity levels than the ingot-casted sheets. The strength and elongation at room temperature for the twin-roll casted sheets were greater than those of the ingot-casted sheets. At elevated temperatures, the ingot-casted sheets showed better elongation than the twin-roll casted sheets. Different size and density of precipitates were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for both ingot-casted and twin-roll-casted sheets. The deep drawing process was also carried out at various working temperatures and deformation rates, 225 °C to 350 °C and 30 mm/min to 50 mm/min, respectively. The middle wall part of cups were mainly tensile deformation, and the lower bent regions of drawn cups were most thinned region. Overall, the ingot-casted sheets revealed better deep drawability than the twin-roll casted sheets. Microstructure and texture evolution of the top, middle and lower parts of drawn cups were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction. Increased deformation rate is important to activate tensile twins both near the bent and flange areas. Ingot casted sheets revealed more tensile twins than twin-roll casted sheets. Increased working temperature is important to activate non-basal slips and produce the DRXed grain structure in the flange. Dynamic recrystallization were frequently found in the top flanges of the cups. Both tensile twins and non-basal slips contributed to occurrence of the dynamic recrystallization in the flange.

Macroscopic 2D Design of Micro/Nano Grain Architectures by Laser Interference Metallurgy

2007 ◽  
Vol 1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Muecklich ◽  
Carsten Gachot ◽  
Rodolphe Catrin ◽  
Ulrich Schmid ◽  
Andrés Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Crystalline Lattice ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
Laser Interference ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

ABSTRACTTailoring of micro/nano structures and surface functionalization are key goals in surface processing of materials. A new technology for a unique geometric precise 2D micro/nano design of grain architectures is presented. By means of super lateral grain growth crystalline lattice patterns such as line-, dot- and cross-like patterns were generated. The grain dimensions may be selected between a few nanometers and about 10 micrometers. The phase and grain formation was characterized by Electron Backscatter Diffraction with regard to orientation distribution and texture formation. Furthermore, dynamic aspects of this laser induced recrystallization process are studied, such as the heat transport in the films, comparing the vertical with the lateral solidification velocities by two-dimensional finite element method (FEM) simulations. Finally, the mechanical properties of the tailored thin films have been determined using nanoindentation experiments.

An Investigation of Microtexture Evolution in an AlMgSi Alloy Processed by High-Pressure Torsion

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aicha Loucif ◽  
Thierry Baudin ◽  
François Brisset ◽  
Roberto B. Figueiredo ◽  
Rafik Chemam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Almgsi Alloy

This investigation uses electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to study the development of microtexture with increasing deformation in an AlMgSi alloy having an initial grain size of about 150 µm subjected to high pressure torsion (HPT) up to a total of 5 turns. An homogeneous microstructure was achieved throughout the disc sample at high strains with the formation of ultra-fine grains. Observations based on orientation distribution function (ODF) calculation reveals the presence of the torsion texture components often reported in the literature for f.c.c. materials. In particular, the C {001}<110> component was found to be dominant. Furthermore, no significant change in the texture sharpness was observed by increasing the strain.

Influence of Temperature upon the Texture Evolution and Mechanical Behaviour of Zircaloy-4

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 834-837
Author(s):  
Peter Honniball ◽  
Michael Preuss ◽  
Joao Quinta da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Finite Element ◽  
Ebsd Data ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The mechanical behaviour and texture evolution during uniaxial compression of Zircaloy-4 at different temperatures (25, 300, 500 C) has been studied. At room temperature and 300 C the texture evolution and strain-hardening behaviour observed are attributed to the activation of {10-12} tensile twinning, which can be identified in optical micrographs and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data. The influence of twinning upon the texture evolution and hardening rate becomes less apparent with increasing temperature. Nevertheless twinning is still active at 500 C. Simulation of the texture evolution at 500 C using crystal plasticity finite element modelling (CPFEM) indicates that slip alone cannot explain the experimentally observed textures at this temperature.

Effects of Annealing Condition on Texture and Deep Drawing Properties of Cold-Rolling Low Carbon Sheet Steel Based on CSP

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Zi Li Jin ◽  
Hui Ping Ren ◽  
Li Zhen Guo ◽  
Sheng Mei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Isothermal Temperature ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Carbon Sheet ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

With the help of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD ) and orientation distribution function (ODF) analysis, experiments of the different batch annealing were conducted to give an study of recrystallization and texture of Cold-rolling Low Carbon sheet steel based on CSP , and the relationship between initial isothermal temperature and drawing properties has been investigated. The recrystallization soon finished the grains during annealing produce relatively strong {111} and {111} texture，at this temperature region as the initial isothermal temperature, the double isothermal cover annealing process design, enabling access to a strong favorable texture and uniform pancake grains, and the proper temperature is the key control factor level.

Texture Development and Mechanical Response in Microscale Reverse Extrusion of Copper

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Yooseob Song ◽  
George Voyiadjis ◽  
Kristian Juul ◽  
Shuai Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Forming ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
Micro Forming ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Future Work

Axisymmetric reverse extrusion experiments were conducted on annealed Cu rod specimens to form cup-shaped structures with sidewall thicknesses ranging from ∼400 μm down to ∼25 μm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were used to examine the changes in Cu grain morphology and texture as a result of the forming operation. Pole figure (PF) and orientation distribution function (ODF) analysis of EBSD data showed the presence of the same texture components in the present small scale metal forming experiments as those observed previously in macroscale sheet metal rolling. Extrusion force – punch displacement curves were measured as a function of extruded cup sidewall thickness. The present work illustrates materials characteristics in small scale metal forming, and suggests directions of future work for bringing improved correspondence between experimentation and modeling for metal micro forming.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of Drawn Medium Carbon Steel Wire

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar ◽  
Mosbah Zidani ◽  
Toufik Djimaoui ◽  
T. Abid ◽  
Hichem Farh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

This study focuses on the evolution in the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of medium carbon steel wires obtained by wire drawing at Tréfissoud Company for the manufacturing of the spring mattress. Wire drawing induces elongation of grains in the direction of drawing with the development of the <110> fibre texture parallel to the wire axis. Kinking and bending of cementite lamellae were observed during the drawing process. The work was carried out respectively on three states, wire rod and drawn states for two different amounts (ε %=43,6 and 60 %), using the optical and SEM microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction analysis for examination of the microstructure and texture evolution, the hardness Vickers and tensile test to follow the curing of the studied wires.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document