scholarly journals Elicited ROS Scavenging Activity, Photoprotective, and Wound-Healing Properties of Collagen-Derived Peptides from the Marine Sponge Chondrosia reniformis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Pozzolini ◽  
Enrico Millo ◽  
Caterina Oliveri ◽  
Serena Mirata ◽  
Annalisa Salis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
General Chemical ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysates

Recently, the bioactive properties of marine collagen and marine collagen hydrolysates have been demonstrated. Although there is some literature assessing the general chemical features and biocompatibility of collagen extracts from marine sponges, no data are available on the biological effects of sponge collagen hydrolysates for biomedical and/or cosmetic purposes. Here, we studied the in vitro toxicity, antioxidant, wound-healing, and photoprotective properties of four HPLC-purified fractions of trypsin-digested collagen extracts—marine collagen hydrolysates (MCHs)—from the marine sponge C. reniformis. The results showed that the four MCHs have no degree of toxicity on the cell lines analyzed; conversely, they were able to stimulate cell growth. They showed a significant antioxidant activity both in cell-free assays as well as in H2O2 or quartz-stimulated macrophages, going from 23% to 60% of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity for the four MCHs. Finally, an in vitro wound-healing test was performed with fibroblasts and keratinocytes, and the survival of both cells was evaluated after UV radiation. In both experiments, MCHs showed significant results, increasing the proliferation speed and protecting from UV-induced cell death. Overall, these data open the way to the use of C. reniformis MCHs in drug and cosmetic formulations for damaged or photoaged skin repair.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in the Biological Effects of PM2.5 from Greater Cairo

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 4970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Marchetti ◽  
Salwa K. Hassan ◽  
Waleed H. Shetaya ◽  
Asmaa El-Mekawy ◽  
Elham F. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Greater Cairo ◽  
Particle Extraction

Greater Cairo (Egypt) is a megalopolis where the studies of the air pollution events are of extremely high relevance, for the geographical-climatological aspects, the anthropogenic emissions and the health impact. While preliminary studies on the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition in Greater Cairo have been performed, no data are yet available on the PM’s toxicity. In this work, the in vitro toxicity of the fine PM (PM2.5) sampled in an urban area of Greater Cairo during 2017–2018 was studied. The PM2.5 samples collected during spring, summer, autumn and winter were preliminary characterized to determine the concentrations of ionic species, elements and organic PM (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PAHs). After particle extraction from filters, the cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects were evaluated in human lung A549 cells. The results showed that particles collected during the colder seasons mainly induced the xenobiotic metabolizing system and the consequent antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokine release responses. Biological events positively correlated to PAHs and metals representative of a combustion-derived pollution. PM2.5 from the warmer seasons displayed a direct effect on cell cycle progression, suggesting possible genotoxic effects. In conclusion, a correlation between the biological effects and PM2.5 physico-chemical properties in the area of study might be useful for planning future strategies aiming to improve air quality and lower health hazards.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the marine sponge skeleton as a bone mimicking biomaterial

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samit K. Nandi ◽  
Biswanath Kundu ◽  
Arnab Mahato ◽  
Narsinh L. Thakur ◽  
Siddhartha N. Joardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

This investigation was carried out to identify and characterize marine sponges as potential bioscaffolds in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Exosomes derived from human amniotic epithelial cells accelerate diabetic wound healing via PI3K-AKT-mTOR-mediated promotion in angiogenesis and fibroblast function

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wei ◽  
Chenjian Zhong ◽  
Xiaolan Yang ◽  
Futing Shu ◽  
Shichu Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Diabetic Wound ◽  
Diabetic Wound Healing ◽  
Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells

Abstract Background Diabetic wounds are one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by the dysfunction of wound-healing-related cells in quantity and quality. Our previous studies revealed that human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) could promote diabetic wound healing by paracrine action. Interestingly, numerous studies demonstrated that exosomes derived from stem cells are the critical paracrine vehicles for stem cell therapy. However, whether exosomes derived from hAECs (hAECs-Exos) mediate the effects of hAECs on diabetic wound healing remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of hAECs-Exos on diabetic wound healing and preliminarily elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods hAECs-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry. A series of in vitro functional analyses were performed to assess the regulatory effects of hAECs-Exos on human fibroblasts (HFBs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a high-glycemic microenvironment. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to speculate the related mechanisms of actions of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs. Subsequently, the role of the candidate signaling pathway of hAECs-Exos in regulating the function of HUVECs and HFBs, as well as in diabetic wound healing, was assessed. Results hAECs-Exos presented a cup- or sphere-shaped morphology with a mean diameter of 105.89 ± 10.36 nm, were positive for CD63 and TSG101 and could be internalized by HFBs and HUVECs. After that, hAECs-Exos not only significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HFBs, but also facilitated the angiogenic activity of HUVECs in vitro. High-throughput sequencing revealed enriched miRNAs of hAECs-Exos involved in wound healing. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses have shown that the target genes of the top 15 miRNAs were highly enriched in the PI3K-AKT pathway. Further functional studies demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway was necessary for the induced biological effects of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs, as well as on wound healing, in diabetic mice. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that hAECs-Exos represent a promising, novel strategy for diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast function via activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.

Improved stability of KGF by conjugation with gold nanoparticles for diabetic wound therapy

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 2909-2923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaihua Li ◽  
Qiyu Tang ◽  
Hongbo Xu ◽  
Qiangru Huang ◽  
Zi Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Wound ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Diabetic Wound Healing

Aim: Diabetic wound healing is seriously interrupted, and administration of KGF for wound treatment is restricted by its inherent instability. We aim to develop an ideal way toward KGF stabilization, thus improving diabetic wound healing. Materials & methods: We conjugated KGF with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and determined the stability and binding affinity. Biological effects of conjugates (KGF-GNPs) were evaluated in vitro and in an animal model. Results: KGF-GNPs revealed high stability under hostile circumstances because of the preserved secondary structure and possessed elevated binding affinity to KGF receptor. Moreover, application of KGF-GNPs contributed to accelerated wound recovery in diabetic rats, including re-epithelialization and contraction. Conclusion: KGF-GNPs were promising for future clinical application for diabetic wound therapy.

Carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) inhibit human neutrophils myeloperoxidase and in vitro ROS-scavenging activity

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (102) ◽  
pp. 84207-84215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaïs Rtibi ◽  
Mohamed Amine Jabri ◽  
Slimen Selmi ◽  
Abdelaziz Souli ◽  
Hichem Sebai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
Chromatographic Profiles

Chromatographic profiles of aqueous extract of carob pods ((A) pulp and (B) seeds).

Preparation of nanoparticle dispersions for in-vitro toxicity testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vippola ◽  
GCM Falck ◽  
HK Lindberg ◽  
S. Suhonen ◽  
E. Vanhala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Lung Surfactant ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Titanium Dioxides

Studies on potential toxicity of engineered nanoparticle (ENP) in biological systems require a proper and accurate particle characterization to ensure the reproducibility of the results and to understand biological effects of ENP. A full characterization of ENP should include various measurements such as particle size and size distribution, shape and morphology, crystallinity, composition, surface chemistry, and surface area of ENP. It is also important to characterize the state of ENP dispersions. In this study, four different ENPs, rutile and anatase titanium dioxides and short single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, were characterized in two dispersion media: bronchial epithelial growth medium, used for bronchial epithelial BEAS cells, and RPMI-1640 culture media with 10% of fetal calf serum (FCS) for human mesothelial (MeT-5A) cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of ENPs and their dispersions as well as to compare dispersion additives suitable for toxicity tests and thus establish an appropriate way to prepare dispersions that performs well with the selected ENP. Dispersion additives studied in the media were bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a protein resource, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as a model lung surfactant, and combination of BSA and DPPC. Dispersions were characterized using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Our results showed that protein addition, BSA or FCS, in cell culture media generated small agglomerates of primary particles with narrow size variations and improved the stability of the dispersions and thus also the relevance of the in-vitro genotoxicity tests to be done.

scholarly journals Dentinogenic effects of extracted dentin matrix components digested with matrix metalloproteinases

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki Okamoto ◽  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
Shungo Komichi ◽  
Paul R. Cooper ◽  
Mikako Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Dentin Matrix ◽  
Matrix Components

Abstract Dentin is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals within a rich organic matrix. The organic matrix comprises collagenous structural components, within which a variety of bioactive molecules are sequestered. During caries progression, dentin is degraded by acids and enzymes derived from various sources, which can release bioactive molecules with potential reparative activity towards the dentin-pulp complex. While these molecules’ repair activities in other tissues are already known, their biological effects are unclear in relation to degradation events during disease in the dentin-pulp complex. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dentin matrix components (DMCs) that are partially digested by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in vitro and in vivo during wound healing of the dentin-pulp complex. DMCs were initially isolated from healthy dentin and treated with recombinant MMPs. Subsequently, their effects on the behaviour of primary pulp cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Digested DMCs modulated a range of pulp cell functions in vitro. In addition, DMCs partially digested with MMP-20 stimulated tertiary dentin formation in vivo, which exhibited a more regular tubular structure than that induced by treatment with other MMPs. Our results indicate that MMP-20 may be especially effective in stimulating wound healing of the dentin-pulp complex.

scholarly journals In Vitro Toxicity, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antidiabetic Potential of Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marimuthu Alias Antonisamy Johnson ◽  
C. Xavier Madona ◽  
Ray S. Almeida ◽  
Natália Martins ◽  
Henrique D. M. Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Pteridophytes have been widely used in several systems of medicine. Several reports have increasingly assessed their bioactive effects, but for Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum, only its antibacterial potential has been assessed. In this sense, the present study was carried out to reveal the phytochemical profile and to determine the toxicity, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of S. unitus. Brine shrimp lethality, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, phosphomolybdenum assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay (ABTS), and in vitro α-amylase inhibitory and membrane stabilization assays were applied. S. unitus extract toxicity showed variable mortality percentages, with LC50 values ranging from 4 to 30 mg/mL. DPPH radical scavenging effects of S. unitus extracts were as follows: methanol > acetone > petroleum ether > chloroform. S. unitus acetone extract displayed the strongest phosphomolybdenum reduction (10 ± 2 mg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent/g). The studied extracts also revealed efficient, superoxide scavenging effects in a dose-dependent manner. In S. unitus, the highest ABTS radical scavenging rate was observed in the chloroform extract (3000 ± 40 µmol/g). The S. unitus anti-inflammatory effect was as follows: petroleum ether > chloroform > methanol > acetone. In S. unitus extract, the highest percentage of α-amylase activity (80%) was observed for the petroleum ether extract (25 µg/mL). Faced with these findings, further studies should be performed to isolate and identify the S. unitus compounds responsible for their antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Red SeaSuberea mollisSponge Extract Protects against CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats via an Antioxidant Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymn T. Abbas ◽  
Nagla A. El-Shitany ◽  
Lamiaa A. Shaala ◽  
Soad S. Ali ◽  
Esam I. Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanism ◽  
Histopathological Results

Recent studies have demonstrated that marine sponges and their active constituents exhibited several potential medical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the possible hepatoprotective role as well as the antioxidant effect of the Red SeaSuberea mollissponge extract (SMSE) on carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced acute liver injury in rats. In vitro antioxidant activity of SMSE was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay. Rats were orally administered three different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of SMSE and silymarin (100 mg/kg) along with CCl4(1 mL/kg, i.p., every 72 hr) for 14 days. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin were measured. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were also measured. Liver specimens were histopathologically examined. SMSE showed strong scavenging activity against free radicals in DPPH assay. SMSE significantly reduced liver enzyme activities. Moreover, SMSE significantly reduced hepatic MDA formation. In addition, SMSE restored GSH, NO, SOD, GPx, and CAT. The histopathological results confirmed these findings. The results of this study suggested a potent protective effect of the SMSE against CCl4-induced hepatic injury. This may be due to its antioxidant and radical scavenging activity.

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