scholarly journals Bone Regeneration and Remodeling within a Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitute at a Cortical Bone Defect Site: Histological Analysis at One and Two Years after Implantation

Materials ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4884-4894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Iwasashi ◽  
Toru Funayama ◽  
Arata Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Noguchi ◽  
Toshinori Tsukanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Defect Site

Evaluation of bone regeneration in a critical size cortical bone defect in rat mandible using microCT and histological analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia G. Trejo-Iriarte ◽  
Janeth Serrano-Bello ◽  
Rocío Gutiérrez-Escalona ◽  
Crisóforo Mercado-Marques ◽  
Natalio García-Honduvilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Rat Mandible

scholarly journals Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Block: Its Use for the Treatment of a Large Cyst with Implant-Based Rehabilitation

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Mauceri ◽  
Denise Murgia ◽  
Orazio Cicero ◽  
Luigi Paternò ◽  
Luca Fiorillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Defect ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Autologous Platelet

The management of critical-size bone defects is still demanding. Recently, autologous platelet concentrates in combination with bone substitute have been applied and reported in a few studies. Our aim is to report the healing of a critical-size alveolar bone defect treated with a new bone regeneration technique by means of L-PRF and L-PRF blocks. A 45-year-old woman presented a large cystic lesion; the extraction of three teeth, a cyst removal procedure, and bone regeneration procedures with L-PRF and L-PRF blocks were planned. The L-PRF block was prepared by mixing a bone substitute with a piece of L-PRF membrane and liquid fibrinogen. Additionally, after bone healing an implant-based rehabilitation was optimally performed. On the basis of the positive results, in terms of bone healing and tissue regeneration in a large bone defect, the application of L-PRF and L-PRF blocks, in agreement with the scarce literature, is suggested as a feasible procedure in selected cases.

scholarly journals Formononetin, a methoxy isoflavone, enhances bone regeneration in a mouse model of cortical bone defect

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Bhan Singh ◽  
Manisha Dixit ◽  
Kapil Dev ◽  
Rakesh Maurya ◽  
Divya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Healing Effect ◽  
Ct Analysis

AbstractThe bone regeneration and healing effect of formononetin was evaluated in a cortical bone defect model that predominantly heals by intramembranous ossification. For this study, female Balb/c mice were ovariectomised (OVx) and a drill-hole injury was generated in the midfemoral bones of all animals. Treatment with formononetin commenced the day after and continued for 21 d. Parathyroid hormone (PTH1–34) was used as a reference standard. Animals were killed at days 10 and 21. Femur bones were collected at the injury site for histomorphometry studies using microcomputed tomography (μCT) and confocal microscopy. RNA and protein were harvested from the region surrounding the drill-hole injury. For immunohistochemistry, 5 µm sections of decalcified femur bone adjoining the drill-hole site were cut.μCT analysis showed that formononetin promoted bone healing at days 10 and 21 and the healing effect observed was significantly better than in Ovx mice and equal to PTH treatment in many aspects. Formononetin also significantly enhanced bone regeneration as assessed by calcein-labelling studies. In addition, formononetin enhanced the expression of osteogenic markers at the injury site in a manner similar to PTH. Formononetin treatment also led to predominant runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin localisation at the injury site. These results support the potential of formononetin to be a bone-healing agent and are suggestive of its promising role in the fracture-repair process.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Guided Bone Regeneration Using the Bone Substitute Bio-Oss® and a Collagen Membrane in a Rat Cranial Bone Defect Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Kasuya ◽  
Shihoko Inui ◽  
Nahoko Kato-Kogoe ◽  
Michi Omori ◽  
Kayoko Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Defect Model

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics and Correction of Long Tubular Bone Regeneration under Chronic Hyperglycemia Influence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yevhenii S. Dudchenko ◽  
Olena S. Maksymova ◽  
Vasyl S. Pikaliuk ◽  
Dmytro V. Muravskyi ◽  
Ludmila I. Kyptenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Bone ◽  
Reparative Osteogenesis ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Introduction. Unsatisfactory consequences of bone regeneration disorders in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, their high prevalence, complication number, and difficulties in treatment require further study and deeper understanding of reparative osteogenesis mechanisms under chronic hyperglycemia and finding new effective and affordable approaches to their treatment. Therefore, the aim of our work was to study the histological, ultramicroscopic, and histomorphometric features of reparative osteogenesis in rats with chronic hyperglycemia (CH), as well as to investigate the possibility of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) use in a fracture area in order to correct the negative effects of CH on reparative osteogenesis processes. Study Object and Methods. The studies were performed on 70 white laboratory rats, mature males, which were divided into the following groups: control group, animals with posttraumatic tibial defect under conditions of CH exposure, rats with experimental CH that were administered with PRP into the bone defect, and animals for the assessment of glucose homeostasis and confirmation of simulated CH. Light microscopy was performed using an Olympus BH-2 microscope (Japan). Ultramicroscopic examination was performed using REM-102 scanning electron microscope. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-17 software package. Results. The formation of new bone tissue in animals with CH did not occur after two weeks. Only on the 30th day of reparative osteogenesis the newly formed woven bone tissue was 61.54% of the total regenerated area. It was less than the reference value by 22.89% (P<0.001). On the 14th day of reparative osteogenesis, the regenerated area in a group of animals with CH and PRP injection consisted of connective tissue by 68.94% (4.94% less than in animals with CH (P<0.001)) and woven bone tissue by 31.06%, (13.51% less than in the control group (P<0.001)). On the 30th day, the area of woven bone tissue in a regenerate of this group was less than that of the control group by 12.41% (P<0.001). Conclusion. Thus, chronic hyperglycemia contributes to inflammation delay within the bone defect site, which makes the process of reparative osteogenesis more prolonged. The results of chronic hyperglycemia effect on bone regeneration are also impairment of osteogenic cell proliferation and shift of their differentiation towards the fibrocartilage regenerate formation. The PRP corrects the negative impact of chronic hyperglycemia on reparative osteogenesis, promoting more rapid inflammatory infiltrate removal from the bone defect site and osteogenic beam formation and remodeling of woven bone into lamellar membranous bone tissue.

scholarly journals Usefulness of a Nanostructured Fibrin-Agarose Bone Substitute in a Model of Severely Critical Mandible Bone Defect

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3939
Author(s):  
Miguel-Angel Martin-Piedra ◽  
Belén Gironés-Camarasa ◽  
Antonio España-López ◽  
Ricardo Fernández-Valadés Gámez ◽  
Cristina Blanco-Elices ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Control Bone

Critical defects of the mandibular bone are very difficult to manage with currently available materials and technology. In the present work, we generated acellular and cellular substitutes for human bone by tissue engineering using nanostructured fibrin–agarose biomaterials, with and without adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated to the osteogenic lineage using inductive media. Then, these substitutes were evaluated in an immunodeficient animal model of severely critical mandibular bone damage in order to assess the potential of the bioartificial tissues to enable bone regeneration. The results showed that the use of a cellular bone substitute was associated with a morpho-functional improvement of maxillofacial structures as compared to negative controls. Analysis of the defect site showed that none of the study groups fully succeeded in generating dense bone tissue at the regeneration area. However, the use of a cellular substitute was able to improve the density of the regenerated tissue (as determined via CT radiodensity) and form isolated islands of bone and cartilage. Histologically, the regenerated bone islands were comparable to control bone for alizarin red and versican staining, and superior to control bone for toluidine blue and osteocalcin in animals grafted with the cellular substitute. Although these results are preliminary, cellular fibrin–agarose bone substitutes show preliminary signs of usefulness in this animal model of severely critical mandibular bone defect.

Enhanced Bone Regeneration and Bone Defect Repair Using Magnesium/Lithium-Co-Modified, Porous, Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Zhao ◽  
Releken-Yeersheng ◽  
Ya-Yi Xia ◽  
Xing-Wen Han ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Bone Defect Repair ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
Osteogenic Effect

Background: Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been frequently used in clinic, but it is hard to be degraded, and insufficient in osteogenesis and angiogenesis. This study aimed to modify HA by doping magnesium/lithium (Mg/Li) and assess the Mg/LiHA scaffold's bone regeneration and bone defect repair effects. Materials and Methods: The biomaterial was identified using XRD, FTIR and SEM. The porosity, cell mediated degradation behavior and mechanical property were investigated. Meanwhile, cell proliferation and adhesion were also exploited. Finally, osteogenic effect of Mg/LiHA scaffold in vitro, and bone defect repair effect in vivo were researched. Results: The results suggested that low-content of Mg/Li incorporation did not influence on the structure of HA. The cells mediated degradation experiments indicated that Mg/Li doped HA could improve the biological degradation and release the Mg2+ and Li+ sustainedly. The compressive strength of Mg/LiHA scaffolds with 63% porosity reached to 3.9 MPa. Cells proliferation and adhesion experiments demonstrated that Mg/LiHA scaffolds were beneficial to cell growth and attachment. Furthermore, Mg/LiHA scaffolds increased ALP expression, calcium phosphate deposition and VEGF expression in vitro. The bone defect repair in vivo was enhanced by using Mg/LiHA scaffolds. Conclusion: Mg/Li-co-substituted HA could enhance bone regeneration and bone defect repair, and may be recommended to further research on bone defect repair.

Bone Regeneration at Cortical Bone Defect with Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Iwasashi ◽  
Masataka Sakane ◽  
Yasushi Suetsugu ◽  
Naoyuki Ochiai
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Japanese White Rabbit ◽  
Great Possibility ◽  
Porous Area

Unidirectional porous hydroxyapatite (UDPHAp) was developed which has microstructure in that cross sectionally oval pores 100 ~ 300µm in diameter penetrate through the material, and that is suitable for osteogenesis and angiogenesis.The porosity of the UDPHAp was 75 % and the compression strength was 14 MPa. A cortical bone defect was made at proximal tibia of Japanese white rabbit, and a trapezoidal prisms shaped UDPHAp was implanted. By histlogical evaluation, 2 weeks after implantation, new bone and new capillary was observed inside UDPHAp. Twelve weeks after implantation, new bone formation was observed in 41.6 % of the porous area. The results of this study suggest a great possibility of utilizing it in actual clinical setting as a bone substitution.

scholarly journals Collagen Membrane for Guided Cortical Bone Regeneration: Characterization, Preclinical and Proof of Concept Clinical Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Allan ◽  
Rui Ruan ◽  
Euphemie Landao-Bassonga ◽  
Nicholas Gillman ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Abstract Background: Treatment of cortical bone defects is a clinical challenge. Guided bone regeneration (GBR), commonly used in oral in maxillofacial dental surgery, may show promise for orthopedic application in repair of cortical defects. However, a limitation in the use of GBR for cortical bone defects is the lack of an ideal scaffold that provides sufficient mechanical support to bridge the cortical bone with minimal interference in the repair process. We have developed a new collagen membrane, CelGroTM, for use in GBR. We report the material characterisation of CelGroTM, and evaluate the performance of CelGroTM in translational preclinical and clinical studies. Methods: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (micro-CT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the structural morphology of CelGroTM. Purity and biochemical composition of CelGroTM was evaluated by Western-blot, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Physical and chemical properties of CelGroTM were examined and compared with another commercially available collagen membrane. The pre-clinical evaluation was conducted using a cortical bone defect model in the New Zealand white rabbit. Cortical bone regeneration in defects of the femoral diaphysis were evaluated at 30 days and 60 days after intervention, by micro-CT and histology. A clinical study to evaluate the performance of CelGroTM in GBR for treatment of bone augmentation surrounding dental implants was also performed. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by semi quantitative tissue condition assessments and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. Results: CelGroTM has a bilayer structure of different fibre alignment and is composed almost exclusively of type I collagen. CelGroTM was found to be completely acellular and a clinically significant xenoantigen, α -gal, was not detected. CelGroTM displayed less deformity and better mechanical strength as compared to Bio-Gide ® . In the preclinical study, CelGroTM demonstrated enhanced bone-modelling activity and cortical bone healing. Micro-CT evaluation showed early bony bridging over the defect area 30 days post-operatively, and nearly complete restoration of mature cortical bone at the bone defect site 60 days post- operatively. Histological analysis at day 60 after surgery further confirmed that CelGroTM enables bridging of the cortical bone defect by induction of newly-formed cortical bone. It appears that CelGroTM showed better cortical alignment and reduced porosity at the defect interface compared to Bio-Gide®. Owning the fact that selection of orthopedic patients with cortical bone defects is complex, we conducted the proof of concept clinical study in a total of 16 dental implants which were placed in 10 participants receiving GBR. The results showed that there were with no complications or adverse events observed. CBCT evidenced efficiency of the CelGroTM scaffold for GBR for the dental implants, showing significantly decreased 2 distance from the implant shoulder to first bone/implant contact (DIB) and increased horizontal thickness of facial bone wall (HT). Conclusion: The findings of our study demonstrate that CelGroTM is an ideal membrane for GBR not only in oral maxillofacial reconstructive surgery but also in orthopedic applications. Details of clinical trial registration: “Single centre, open-label, pilot study of Celgro(tm) collagen membrane for guided bone regeneration around exposed implants in patients undergoing dental implant surgery”; Registration ID: ACTRN12615000027516; Date of registration: 19/01/2015; URL: https://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12615000027516.aspx

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