scholarly journals Novel Antibacterial Modification of Polycarbonate for Increment Prototyping in Medicine

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4725
Author(s):  
Tomasz Flak ◽  
Ewa Trejnowska ◽  
Szymon Skoczyński ◽  
Jadwiga Gabor ◽  
Beata Swinarew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Biofilm Development

In the era of modern medicine, the number of invasive treatments increases. Artificial devices used in medicine are associated with an increased risk of secondary infections. Bacterial biofilm development observed on the implanted surface is challenging to treat, primarily due to low antibiotics penetration. In our study, the preparation of a new polycarbonate composite, filled with nanosilver, nanosilica and rhodamine B derivative, suitable for three-dimensional printing, is described. Polymer materials with antimicrobial properties are known. However, in most cases, protection is limited to the outer layers only. The newly developed materials are protected in their entire volume. Moreover, the antibacterial properties are retained after multiple high-temperature processing were performed, allowing them to be used in 3D printing. Bacterial population reduction was observed, which gives an assumption for those materials to be clinically tested in the production of various medical devices and for the reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

A computer investigation of chemically mediated detachment in bacterial biofilms

Microbiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Hunt ◽  
Martin A. Hamilton ◽  
John T. Sears ◽  
Gary Harkin ◽  
Jason Reno
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Reaction Equations ◽  
Growth Movement ◽  
Cellular Automata Algorithm

A three-dimensional computer model was used to evaluate the effect of chemically mediated detachment on biofilm development in a negligible-shear environment. The model, BacLAB, combines conventional diffusion-reaction equations for chemicals with a cellular automata algorithm to simulate bacterial growth, movement and detachment. BacLAB simulates the life cycle of a bacterial biofilm from its initial colonization of a surface to the development of a mature biofilm with cell areal densities comparable to those in the laboratory. A base model founded on well established transport equations that are easily adaptable to investigate conjectures at the biological level has been created. In this study, the conjecture of a detachment mechanism involving a bacterially produced chemical detachment factor in which high local concentrations of this detachment factor cause the bacteria to detach from the biofilm was examined. The results show that the often observed ‘mushroom’-shaped structure can occur if detachment events create voids so that the remaining attached cells look like mushrooms.

scholarly journals PhSeZnCl in the Synthesis of Steroidal β-Hydroxy-Phenylselenides Having Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jastrzebska ◽  
Mellea ◽  
Salerno ◽  
Grzes ◽  
Siergiejczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction

We report here the reaction of in situ prepared PhSeZnCl with steroid derivatives having an epoxide as an electrophilic functionalization. The corresponding ring-opening reaction resulted to be regio- and stereoselective affording to novel phenylselenium-substituted steroids. Assessment of their antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen 5 strain, indicates an interesting bactericidal activity and their ability to prevent bacterial biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Strategies for Improving Antimicrobial Properties of Stainless Steel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matic Resnik ◽  
Metka Benčina ◽  
Eva Levičnik ◽  
Niharika Rawat ◽  
Aleš Iglič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Custom Made

In this review, strategies for improving the antimicrobial properties of stainless steel (SS) are presented. The main focus given is to present current strategies for surface modification of SS, which alter surface characteristics in terms of surface chemistry, topography and wettability/surface charge, without influencing the bulk attributes of the material. As SS exhibits excellent mechanical properties and satisfactory biocompatibility, it is one of the most frequently used materials in medical applications. It is widely used as a material for fabricating orthopedic prosthesis, cardiovascular stents/valves and recently also for three dimensional (3D) printing of custom made implants. Despite its good mechanical properties, SS lacks desired biofunctionality, which makes it prone to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Due to increased resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, it is imperative to achieve antibacterial properties of implants. Thus, many different approaches were proposed and are discussed herein. Emphasis is given on novel approaches based on treatment with highly reactive plasma, which may alter SS topography, chemistry and wettability under appropriate treatment conditions. This review aims to present and critically discuss different approaches and propose novel possibilities for surface modification of SS by using highly reactive gaseous plasma in order to obtain a desired biological response.

scholarly journals Bacterial Biofilm Characterization and Microscopic Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of a Photocatalytic Coating Protecting Building Material

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Verdier ◽  
Alexandra Bertron ◽  
Benjamin Erable ◽  
Christine Roques
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Transparent Coating ◽  
Biofilm Development

Use of photocatalytic paint-like coatings may be a way to protect building materials from microbial colonization. Numerous studies have shown the antimicrobial efficiency of TiO 2 photocatalysis on various microorganisms. However, few have focused on easy-to-apply solutions and on photocatalysis under low irradiance. This paper focuses on (a) the antibacterial properties of a semi-transparent coating formulated using TiO 2 particles and (b) the microscopic investigations of bacterial biofilm development on TiO 2 -coated building materials under accelerated growth conditions. Results showed significant antibacterial activity after few hours of testing. The efficiency seemed limited by the confinement of the TiO 2 particles inside the coating binder. However, a pre-irradiation with UV light can improve efficiency. In addition, a significant effect against the formation of a bacterial biofilm was also observed. The epifluorescence approach, in which fluorescence is produced by reflect rather than transmitted light, could be applied in further studies of microbial growth on coatings and building materials.

scholarly journals Needle-injectable microcomposite cryogel scaffolds with antimicrobial properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasturi Joshi Navare ◽  
Thibault Colombani ◽  
Mahboobeh Rezaeeyazdi ◽  
Nicole Bassous ◽  
Devyesh Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Porous three-dimensional hydrogel scaffolds have an exquisite ability to promote tissue repair. However, because of their high water content and invasive nature during surgical implantation, hydrogels are at an increased risk of bacterial infection. Recently, we have developed elastic biomimetic cryogels, an advanced type of polymeric hydrogel, that are syringe-deliverable through hypodermic needles. These needle-injectable cryogels have unique properties, including large and interconnected pores, mechanical robustness, and shape-memory. Like hydrogels, cryogels are also susceptible to colonization by microbial pathogens. To that end, our minimally invasive cryogels have been engineered to address this challenge. Specifically, we hybridized the cryogels with calcium peroxide microparticles to controllably produce bactericidal hydrogen peroxide. Our novel microcomposite cryogels exhibit antimicrobial properties and inhibit antibiotic-resistant bacteria (MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), the most common cause of biomaterial implant failure in modern medicine. Moreover, the cryogels showed negligible cytotoxicity toward murine fibroblasts and prevented activation of primary bone marrow-derived dendritic cells ex vivo. Finally, in vivo data suggested tissue integration, biodegradation, and minimal host inflammatory responses when the antimicrobial cryogels, even when purposely contaminated with bacteria, were subcutaneously injected in mice. Collectively, these needle-injectable microcomposite cryogels show great promise for biomedical applications, especially in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Enhanced Mechanical, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties of Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid with Optimized Nano Silica Content

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
Emanuel Velidakis ◽  
Nikolaos Mountakis ◽  
Lazaros Tzounis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
3D Printed

The scope of this work was to create, with melt mixing compounding process, novel nanocomposite filaments with enhanced properties that industry can benefit from, using commercially available materials, to enhance the performance of three-dimensional (3D) printed structures fabricated via fused filament fabrication (FFF) process. Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were selected as fillers for a polylactic acid (PLA) thermoplastic matrix at various weight % (wt.%) concentrations, namely, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 wt.%. Tensile, flexural and impact test specimens were 3D printed and tested according to international standards and their Vickers microhardness was also examined. It was proven that SiO2 filler enhanced the overall strength at concentrations up to 1 wt.%, compared to pure PLA. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to investigate the produced nanocomposite extruded filaments roughness. Raman spectroscopy was performed for the 3D printed nanocomposites to verify the polymer nanocomposite structure, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the 3D printed samples’ thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out for the interlayer fusion and fractography morphological characterization of the specimens. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the produced nanocomposites were investigated with a screening process, to evaluate their performance against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

scholarly journals Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Influences on the Antimicrobial Properties of Glass Ionomer Cements

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana B. P. Fúcio ◽  
Andréia B. de Paula ◽  
Janaina C. O. Sardi ◽  
Cristiane Duque ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Bacterial Accumulation ◽  
Biofilm Development

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and biofilm inhibition properties of glass ionomer restorative cements. Ketac Nano, Vitremer, Ketac Molar Easymix and Fuji IX were analyzed using the following tests: a) agar plate diffusion test to evaluate the inhibitory activity of cements against S. mutans (n=8); b) S. mutans adherence test by counting colony-forming units after 2 h of material/bacteria exposure (n=10); c) biofilm wet weight after seven days of bacterial accumulation on material disks, with growth medium renewed every 48 h (n=10); d) pH and fluoride measurements from the medium aspired at 48 h intervals during the 7-day biofilm development (n=10). Data from the a, b and c tests were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests and the fluoride-release and pH data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (a=5%). Vitremer followed by Ketac Nano showed the greatest inhibitory zone against S. mutans than the conventional ionomers. Vitremer also showed higher pH values than Ketac Nano and Fuji IX in the first 48 h and released higher fluoride amount than Ketac Nano e Ketac Molar Easymix throughout the experimental period. The chemical composition of restorative glass ionomer materials influenced the antibacterial properties. The resin modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) was more effective for inhibition of S. mutans and allowed greater neutralization of the pH in the first 48 h. However, the type of glass ionomer (resin modified or conventional) did not influence the weight and adherence of the biofilm and fluoride release.

Antibacterial and physical characteristics of silver loaded hydroxyapatite/alginate composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Sukhodub ◽  
Ludmila Sukhodub ◽  
Alexander Pogrebnjak ◽  
Amangeldi Sagidugumar ◽  
Aida Kistaubayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Test Cultures

Abstract The influence of silver ions on antibacterial properties and morphology of Hydroxyapatite-Ag (HА-Ag) and Hydroxyapatite-Alginate-Ag (HA-Alg-Ag) nanocomposites was studied. The microstructure and phase composition of the obtained nanocomposites were investigated by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR methods, and the formation of the crystalline phase of Ag3PO4 was proved. According to the results, silver ions were incorporated into the HA structure, partially replacing calcium ions. The antimicrobial activity assessment was carried out on Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) test cultures by the co-incubation and modified «agar diffusion» methods. We have demonstrated that antimicrobial and adhesive properties of both Ag-HA and HA-Alg-Ag are strongly affected by the crystal lattice structure, controlled by silver ions location. The composite materials could be of great interest in the biomedical field, including the design of coatings that prevent or lag the bacterial biofilm development.

Medicinal Plants: Antibacterial Effects and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Foroughi ◽  
Pouya Pournaghi ◽  
Fariba Najafi ◽  
Akram Zangeneh ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

Medicinal plants are considered modern resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was done to specify chemical composion. As a screen test to detect antibacterial properties of the essential oil, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube test was performed to determinate MIC. The results indicated that the most substance found in FV essential oil was Trans-anethole (47.41 %), also the essential oil of FV with 0.007 g/ml concentration has prevented P. aeruginosa and with 0.002 g/ml concentration has prevented B. subtilis from the growth. Thus, the research represents the antibacterial effects of the medical herb on test P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. We believe that the article provide support to the antibacterial properties of the essential oil. The results indicate the fact that the essential oil from the plant can be useful as medicinal or preservatives composition.

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