scholarly journals Industrial Waste Utilization of Carbon Dust in Sustainable Cementitious Composites Production

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3295
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Irshidat ◽  
Nasser Al-Nuaimi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Industrial Waste Utilization

This paper experimentally investigates the effect of utilization of carbon dust generated as an industrial waste from aluminum factories in cementitious composites production. Carbon dust is collected, characterized, and then used to partially replace cement particles in cement mortar production. The effect of adding different dosages of carbon dust in the range of 5% to 40% by weight of cement on compressive strength, microstructure, and chemical composition of cement mortar is investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis are used to justify the results. Experimental results show that incorporation of carbon dust in cement mortar production not only reduces its environmental side effects but also enhances the strength of cementitious composites. Up to 10% carbon dust by weight of cement can be added to the mixture without adversely affecting the strength of the mortar. Any further addition of carbon dust would decrease the strength. Best enhancement in compressive strength (27%) is achieved in the case of using 5% replacement ratio. SEM images show that incorporation of small amount of carbon dust (less than 10%) lead to produce denser and more compact-structure cement mortar.

Influence of Mix Fly and Bottom Ashes from Biomass on Selected Properties of Cement Mortars

2019 ◽  
Vol 828 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Ulewicz ◽  
Jakub Jura
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer

The preliminary results of utilization of fly and bottom ash from combustion of biomass for the produce of cement mortars has been presented. Currently, this waste are deposited in industrial waste landfills. The chemical composition of waste materials was determined using X-ray fluorescence (spectrometer ARL Advant 'XP). ). In the studies sand was replaced by mix of fly and bottom ash from the combustion of biomass in an amount of 10-30% by weight of cement CEM I 42.5 R (Cemex). The obtained cement mortar concrete were subjected to microscopic examination (LEO Electron Microscopy Ltd.) and their compressive strength (PN-EN-196-1), frost resistance (PN-EN 1015-11 and PN-B -04500 ) and absorbability (PN-85/B-04500) were identified. The obtained results showed, the replacement of the cement by mix ashes from combustion of biomass reduce consumption of raw materials and will have a good influence on the environment.

UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH AND CONCRETE RESIDUE IN THE PRODUCTION OF GEOPOLYMER BRICKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriporn Sirikingkaew ◽  
Nuta Supakata
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study presents the development of geopolymer bricks synthetized from industrial waste, including fly ash mixed with concrete residue containing aluminosilicate compound. The above two ingredients are mixed according to five ratios: 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20. The mixture's physico-mechanical properties, in terms of water absorption and the compressive strength of the geopolymer bricks, are investigated according to the TIS 168-2546 standard. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses are used to investigate the microstructure and the elemental and phase composition of the brick specimens. The results indicate that the combination of fly ash and concrete residue represents a suitable approach to brick production, as required by the TIS 168–2546 standard.

Magnesium Phosphate Cement with Large Volume of Fly Ash

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Ding ◽  
Bi Qin Dong ◽  
Feng Xing
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
X Ray

The accumulation of fly ash leads to severe problems in ecological environments. Various ways to excite the activity of fly ash in Portland cement based cementitious materials have been carried out for many years. In the present study, effect of large volume of fly ash in phosphate cement was studied. Dead burned magnesia, two phosphates (monoammonium phosphate and monosodium phosphate), and fly ash were used. The fabricated cement mortar specimens with different fly ash dosages were cured for 28 days in the lab air. Compressive strength was determined in 1d, 3d, 7d and 28d respectively. It is showed the compressive strength reduced with increase of fly ash content and increased with the curing time. After cured 28 days, the compressive strength of cement mortar developed to14MPa, when 80% fly ash was used. The reaction product, Na2HPO4•17H2O was found by X-ray diffraction analysis in sodium phosphate based cement. No ammonia gas was emitted and large volume of fly ash can be used in cement prepared from sodium phosphate. It is a new environmentally friendly cement material.

scholarly journals Epoxy Resin’s Influence in Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer’s Antiseawater Corrosion Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenrui Bian ◽  
Zhongchang Wang ◽  
Mo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Influence Mechanism ◽  
Seawater Corrosion ◽  
Average Compressive Strength

To obtain the influence mechanism of epoxy resin content, curing time, and other external factors on the compressive strength and seawater corrosion resistance of geopolymer, the NaOH and Na2SiO3 were used as activators; the effect of epoxy resin concentration on the corrosion resistance of metakaolin-based geopolymer was investigated by experiments. The mechanism of epoxy resin concentration affecting the polymerization process and the properties of geopolymer was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy spectrum, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was shown that the epoxy resin slowed down the polymerization. The presence of epoxy resin had a beneficial effect on compact structure. Furthermore, compared with the noncorrosive specimen, mixed with 30% specimen’s average compressive strength increased by 4.77MPa and 4.24MPa after curing for 1d and 3d and soaking for 56d.

Adhesion and Electrical Properties of Copper Nitride Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Rong Xiao ◽  
Ai Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Copper Nitride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lattice Constants ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Deposition Power ◽  
Measurement Results

Copper nitride films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering on glass sheets at different deposition conditions. The surface morphology of the films was evaluated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM images demonstrate that the films have a compact structure. The structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). We focused on the influence of preparation parameters on the adhesion and electrical properties of the films. The metallurgical microscope results indicate that the adhesion of the films enhances with increasing deposition power. The current-voltage (I-V) measurement results show that the resistivity of the films increases with the increasing lattice constants.

scholarly journals Effect of Metakaolin on Strength and Efflorescence Quantity of Cement-Based Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai-Lung Weng ◽  
Wei-Ting Lin ◽  
An Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study investigated the basic mechanical and microscopic properties of cement produced with metakaolin and quantified the production of residual white efflorescence. Cement mortar was produced at various replacement ratios of metakaolin (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% by weight of cement) and exposed to various environments. Compressive strength and efflorescence quantify (using Matrix Laboratory image analysis and the curettage method), scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis were reported in this study. Specimens with metakaolin as a replacement for Portland cement present higher compressive strength and greater resistance to efflorescence; however, the addition of more than 20% metakaolin has a detrimental effect on strength and efflorescence. This may be explained by the microstructure and hydration products. The quantity of efflorescence determined using MATLAB image analysis is close to the result obtained using the curettage method. The results demonstrate the best effectiveness of replacing Portland cement with metakaolin at a 15% replacement ratio by weight.

Properties of Mortar with Recycled-Cement

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
Hong Zheng Lu ◽  
Hong Mei Ai ◽  
Fang Yan ◽  
Li Dong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Strength Grade ◽  
Waste Concrete

Waste concrete as the main object of the study, was proved to be capable of producing recycled-cement. The chemical composition of recycled-cement was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and compared with industrial clinker from Onoda Company. The result of comparison showed that the minerals in recycled-cement were almost the same as the industrial clinker, except a little MgO and CA. The amount of four main minerals in cement clinker was reasonable. The mechanical property of mortar produced with recycled-cement was measured. The results showed that the compressive strength of recycled-cement mortar can reach the standard of mortar with P.O 32.5. The excess MgO and the strength grade of waste concrete we used in the research were identified as the restriction of the strength development of recycled-cement.

scholarly journals Hydrochloric Acid Modification and Lead Removal Studies on Naturally Occurring Zeolites from Nevada, New Mexico, and Arizona

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1238
Author(s):  
Garven M. Huntley ◽  
Rudy L. Luck ◽  
Michael E. Mullins ◽  
Nick K. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
27Al Mas Nmr ◽  
Modified Zeolites

Four naturally occurring zeolites were examined to verify their assignments as chabazites AZLB-Ca and AZLB-Na (Bowie, Arizona) and clinoptilolites NM-Ca (Winston, New Mexico) and NV-Na (Ash Meadows, Nevada). Based on powder X-ray diffraction, NM-Ca was discovered to be mostly quartz with some clinoptilolite residues. Treatment with concentrated HCl (12.1 M) acid resulted in AZLB-Ca and AZLB-Na, the chabazite-like species, becoming amorphous, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. In contrast, NM-Ca and NV-Na, which are clinoptilolite-like species, withstood boiling in concentrated HCl acid. This treatment removes calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, aluminum, and iron atoms or ions from the framework while leaving the silicon framework intact as confirmed via X-ray fluorescence and diffraction. SEM images on calcined and HCl treated NV-Na were obtained. BET surface area analysis confirmed an increase in surface area for the two zeolites after treatment, NM-Ca 20.0(1) to 111(4) m2/g and NV-Na 19.0(4) to 158(7) m2/g. 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR were performed on the natural and treated NV-Na zeolite, and the data for the natural NV-Na zeolite suggested a Si:Al ratio of 4.33 similar to that determined by X-Ray fluorescence of 4.55. Removal of lead ions from solution decreased from the native NM-Ca, 0.27(14), NV-Na, 1.50(17) meq/g compared to the modified zeolites, 30 min HCl treated NM-Ca 0.06(9) and NV-Na, 0.41(23) meq/g, and also decreased upon K+ ion pretreatment in the HCl modified zeolites.

scholarly journals Electrospun Membranes Based on Polycaprolactone, Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Metronidazole

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Ioana-Codruţa Mirică ◽  
Gabriel Furtos ◽  
Ondine Lucaciu ◽  
Petru Pascuta ◽  
Mihaela Vlassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrospun Membranes

The aim of this research was to develop new electrospun membranes (EMs) based on polycaprolactone (PCL) with or without metronidazole (MET)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) content. New nHAP with a mean diameter of 34 nm in length was synthesized. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) were used for structural characterization of precursors and EMs. The highest mechanical properties (the force at maximum load, Young’s modulus and tensile strength) were found for the PCL membranes, and these properties decreased for the other samples in the following order: 95% PCL + 5% nHAP > 80% PCL + 20% MET > 75% PCL + 5% nHAP + 20% MET. The stiffness increased with the addition of 5 wt.% nHAP. The SEM images of EMs showed randomly oriented bead-free fibers that generated a porous structure with interconnected macropores. The fiber diameter showed values between 2 and 16 µm. The fiber diameter increased with the addition of nHAP filler and decreased when MET was added. New EMs with nHAP and MET could be promising materials for guided bone regeneration or tissue engineering.

Effect of P2O5 on the Properties of Alite-Calcium Strontium Sulphoaluminate Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 961-965
Author(s):  
Chao Nan Yin ◽  
Ling Chao Lu ◽  
Shou De Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Heat Evolution ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulphoaluminate Cement ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Acceleration Period ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of P2O5on the properties of alite-calcium strontium sulphoaluminate cement was researched by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and petrographic analysis. The results show that the optimal content of P2O5is 0.3% and the compressive strength of the cement at 1, 3, 28d are 27.0, 59.1, 110.9MPa when the calcining temperature is 1350°C. P2O5mainly exists in the belite and a suitable amount of P2O5can promote the formation of C1.5Sr2.5A3and alite. When the content of P2O5is higher than 0.3%, the formation of C1.5Sr2.5A3and alite can be hindered. P2O5can enhance the hydration heat evolution rate in the acceleration period and the hydrate heat of cement containing P2O5increases slightly.

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