Tribological Performance of Porous Ti–Nb–Ta–Fe–Mn Alloy in Dry Condition

Carolina Guerra; Magdalena Walczak; Mamié Sancy; Carola Martínez; Claudio Aguilar; Marek Kalbarczyk

doi:10.3390/ma13153284

Tribological Performance of Porous Ti–Nb–Ta–Fe–Mn Alloy in Dry Condition

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13153284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3284

Author(s):

Carolina Guerra ◽

Magdalena Walczak ◽

Mamié Sancy ◽

Carola Martínez ◽

Claudio Aguilar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Variable Number ◽

Porous Ti ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Three Body Abrasion ◽

Three Body ◽

Alumina Ball ◽

Ball On Disc

The tribological properties of a novel porous Ti–Nb–Ta–Fe–Mn alloy with 0%, 30%, and 60% porosity were evaluated for biomedical applications. The tribotesting was performed using a ball-on-disc under dry conditions, using an alumina ball and 1 N of a load. The coefficient of friction at the early stage of the porous samples was lower than that of the bulk, 0.2 and 0.7, respectively, but the samples with 30% porosity shift toward the bulk value after a variable number of cycles, while the samples with 60% remained stable after 100,000 cycles. The wear rate of the specimen with 60% porosity was twice as low as that of the bulk. The results are explained by shift in wear mechanism associated with the modified bearing ratio of the porous surface and by the accumulation of wear debris inside the pores, which prevented the development of three-body abrasion.

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Tribological Characterization of Porous TiO2 Coatings Produced by Electrodeposition

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.493-494.430 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 493-494 ◽

pp. 430-435

Author(s):

E. Santos ◽

S.S. Camargo ◽

G.A. Soares ◽

Neide K. Kuromoto

Keyword(s):

Electrolyte Solutions ◽

Wear Volume ◽

Oxide Coatings ◽

Porous Ti ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Anodic Oxidation Method ◽

Tribological Characterization ◽

Scratch Tests

In this work, the resistance to scratch and wear (pin-on-flat) tests of five different porous TiO2 films were compared. Such tribological tests were carried out under dry conditions. The coatings were electrodeposited on commercially pure-Ti by anodic oxidation method in different electrolyte solutions at constant voltages. The scratch tests were conducted by applying increasing normal loads up to 400 mN. The coefficient of friction (COF) varied from 0.2 up to 0.5, and increased at larger penetrations depths. When the electrolyte concentration was changed from 0.5 into 1.0M H2SO4, the COF slightly decreased. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the coatings produced in H2SO4/150V and Na2SO4/100V did not have their substrates revealed. In addition, the samples anodized in H2SO4/150V had the highest elastic recoveries. Therefore, such coatings seem to be more resistant to scratch tests than the others. The wear tests were carried out with Berkovich tip as counter-face under constant normal loads of 10 mN in 10 forward-backward cycles. The coatings deposited in H2SO4/150V had the lowest wear volume rates. The findings suggest that the porous Ti oxide coatings electrodeposited above their rupture voltages are more suitable to both scratch- and wear-resistance compared to those prepared at the lowest voltage (H2SO4/100V).

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Methodology for Reliable Tribological Investigations Applying a Micro Tribometer in Ball-on-Plate Configuration

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201819015011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 15011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Florian Böhmermann ◽

Oltmann Riemer

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Normal Load ◽

Micro Milling ◽

Unstable State ◽

Textured Surface ◽

Reciprocating Motion ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Hardened Tool Steel ◽

Three Body ◽

Investigation Process

Aim of this work is the development of a methodology for reliable tribological investigations when applying a micro tribometer. Experiments were conducted in ball-on-plate configuration with linear reciprocating motion. Two different sphere materials were applied: Al99.9 aluminum alloy and 1.4301 austenitic stainless steel. A textured surface from 1.2379 hardened tool steel machined by micro milling exhibiting an areal arithmetic mean height of Sa = 295 nm was used as counterpart. The experiments comprised of the investigation of the coefficient of friction and the evolution of the facet area on the spheres in contact with the textured surface depending on the normal load applied and the number of reciprocating cycles. For the early stage of the experiments an ongoing increase of the area of the facet on the spheres was found; occurring friction was manly governed by abrasion of the sphere’s material and three-body deformation. This was considered as unstable state of the tribological investigation process, not producing meaningful results. For the later stage equilibrium facet areas on the spheres were found and an ongoing conduction of the tribological experiments did not provoke any increase of their sizes. Here, occurring friction was mainly governed by adhesion. The final facet area on a sphere was directly dependent on the sphere’s materials and the applied normal loads. For all subsequent investigations applying a micro tribometer, only spheres exhibiting an equilibrium facet area should be used to gain robust results of tribological investigations, required for the development of e.g. dry deep drawing processes.

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Studies on Friction and Transfer Layer Formation When Pure Magnesium Pins Slid at Various Numbers of Cycles on Steel Plates of Different Surface Texture

STLE/ASME 2010 International Joint Tribology Conference ◽

10.1115/ijtc2010-41284 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pradeep L. Menezes ◽

Kishore ◽

Satish V. Kailas ◽

Michael R. Lovell

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Surface Texture ◽

Pure Magnesium ◽

Steel Plates ◽

Transfer Layer ◽

Stick Slip ◽

Die Surface ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Number Of Cycles

In the present investigation, various kinds of textures (undirectional, 8-ground, and random,) were attained on a set of steel plate surfaces. The roughness of the textures was varied using different grits of emery papers or polishing powders. Pins made of pure magnesium were then slid against the steel plates at various numbers of cycles (1, 2, 6, 10 and 20) using an inclined pin-on-plate sliding apparatus. In the experiments, it was observed that the coefficient of friction and the formation of a transfer layer depended on the die surface textures under both dry and lubricated conditions. The coefficient of friction increased with number of cycles under dry conditions for all of the textures studied. Under lubricated conditions, however, the coefficient of friction decreased for unidirectional and 8-ground surfaces and increased for random surfaces with the number of cycles. A stick-slip phenomenon was observed under both dry and lubricated conditions. Occurrence of the stick slip behavior depended on the surface texture, the load and the number of cycles. The variation in the coefficient of friction under both dry and lubrication conditions was attributed to changes in the texture of the surfaces during sliding.

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Self-Organization and Friction During Sliding

ASME/STLE 2012 International Joint Tribology Conference ◽

10.1115/ijtc2012-61219 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pradeep L. Menezes ◽

Kishore ◽

Satish V. Kailas ◽

Michael R. Lovell

Keyword(s):

The Self ◽

Steel Plates ◽

Self Organization ◽

Layer Formation ◽

Transfer Layer ◽

Surface Textures ◽

Self Organized ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Number Of Cycles

In self-organized sliding processes, the surfaces align to each other during sliding. This alignment leads to a more ordered contact state and significantly influences the frictional behavior. To understand the self-organization sliding processes, experiments were conducted on a pin-on-plate reciprocating sliding tester for various numbers of cycles. In the experiments, soft magnesium pins were slid against hard steel plates of various surface textures (undirectional, 8-ground, and random). Experimental results showed that the transfer layer formation on the steel plates increased with increasing number of cycles for all surfaces textures under both dry and lubricated conditions. The friction also increased with the number of cycles under dry conditions for all of the textures studied. During lubricated conditions, the friction decreased for unidirectional and 8-ground surfaces and increased for random surfaces with the number of cycles. Furthermore, the friction and transfer layer formation depend on the surface textures under both dry and lubricated conditions during the first few sliding cycles. Later on, it is less dependent of surface textures. The variation in the coefficient of friction under both dry and lubrication conditions were attributed to the self-organization process that occurred during repeated sliding.

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Characterisation of Plasticity Response for Reciprocating Sliding Wear Test of Ti-6Al-4V under Variables Number of Cycles

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.168 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 773-774 ◽

pp. 168-172

Author(s):

D. Harun ◽

D. Nalatambi ◽

Ramdziah Md. Nasir ◽

Abdul Latif Mohd Tobi

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Wear Track ◽

Wear Test ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Variable Number ◽

Reciprocating Sliding ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Reciprocating Sliding Wear

Reciprocating sliding wear test of uncoated titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V is investigated using pin-on-flat contact arrangement of Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-6Al-4V pair under variable number of cycles at low number of cycles. The worn surfaces of the titanium alloy specimens were analyzed with the use of optical microscope (2D and 3D OM) and Vickers Hardness analysis was carried on. The pattern of the wear scar characteristics determined and the finding at the end of wear track had been focus through the presence at the end of wear track. It is suggesting an evidence of plastic deformation with the increasing in hardness value. The increase in hardness value at the end of wear track indicates increase in the plastic deformation with increasing number of cycles.

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Wear and Frictional Behaviour of Metals

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.430 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 893 ◽

pp. 430-435

Author(s):

J.G. Alotaibi ◽

B.F. Yousif ◽

T.F. Yusaf

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Thermal Loading ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Thermal Imager ◽

Contact Conditions ◽

Dry Contact ◽

Three Body Abrasion ◽

Three Body ◽

Worn Surface ◽

Frictional Behaviour

In the current study, wear and frictional performances of different metals are investigated under different operating parameters against stainless steel counterface under dry contact conditions. The experiments performed using block on ring machine. Microscopy was used to examine the damage features on the worn surface and categorize the wear mechanism. Thermal imager was used to understand the thermal loading in the interface during the rubbing process. The results revealed that the operating parameters influence the wear and frictional behaviour of all the metals. Brass metal exhibited better wear and frictional behaviour compared to others. Three different wear mechanisms were observed, i.e. two body abrasion (Brass), three body abrasion (Aluminium) and adhesive (Mild Steel).

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Movement patterns of abrasive particles in three-body abrasion

Wear ◽

10.1016/0043-1648(93)90079-2 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 162-164 ◽

pp. 782-789 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

L. Fang ◽

X.L. Kong ◽

J.Y. Su ◽

Q.D. Zhou

Keyword(s):

Movement Patterns ◽

Abrasive Particles ◽

Three Body Abrasion ◽

Three Body

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Solid Lubrication by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Air and in Vacuum for Space and Aeronautics Applications

World Tribology Congress III, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/wtc2005-63249 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

K. Miyoshi ◽

K. W. Street ◽

R. L. Vander Wal ◽

R. Andrews ◽

David Jacques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Sliding Friction ◽

Solid Lubrication ◽

Multiwalled Carbon ◽

Solid Lubrication Friction ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Steel Balls

To evaluate recently developed aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and dispersed MWNTs for solid lubrication applications, unidirectional sliding friction experiments were conducted with 440C stainless steel balls and hemispherical alumina-yttria stabilized zirconia pins in sliding contact with the MWNTs deposited on quartz disks in air and in vacuum. The results indicate that MWNTs have superior solid lubrication friction properties and endurance lives in air and vacuum under dry conditions. The coefficient of friction of the dispersed MWNTs is close to 0.05 and 0.009 in air and in vacuum, respectively, showing good dry lubricating ability. The wear life of MWNTs exceeds 1 million passes in both air and vacuum showing good durability. In general, the low coefficient of friction can be attributed to the combination of the transferred, agglomerated patches of MWNTs on the counterpart ball or pin surfaces and the presence of tubular MWNTs at interfaces.

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