Role of the Lubricant in Three-body Abrasion

Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 226 (5244) ◽  
pp. 446-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. PRITCHARD
Keyword(s):  
Three Body Abrasion ◽  
Three Body

Wear and Lubrication as Observed on a Lap Table With Loose and Bonded Abrasive Grit

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Abrahamson ◽  
E. J. Duwell ◽  
W. J. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
The Many ◽  
Three Body Abrasion ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Pin On Disk

Lapping machines are widely used for the planar grinding of both metals and ceramics. In principle, they resemble the many pin-on-disk machines that have been constructed for tribology studies. However, they generally have the advantage of rugged construction and a wide choice of operating speeds. Most lapping machines are used with loose abrasive grit, but covering the table with a bonded coated abrasive presents no serious problem. In this mode, two-body abrasion can be studied and compared with three-body abrasion using identical speeds and loads. The primary purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of lubricants in such operations.

scholarly journals Wear and Frictional Behaviour of Metals

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
J.G. Alotaibi ◽  
B.F. Yousif ◽  
T.F. Yusaf
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Dry Contact ◽  
Three Body Abrasion ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Frictional Behaviour

In the current study, wear and frictional performances of different metals are investigated under different operating parameters against stainless steel counterface under dry contact conditions. The experiments performed using block on ring machine. Microscopy was used to examine the damage features on the worn surface and categorize the wear mechanism. Thermal imager was used to understand the thermal loading in the interface during the rubbing process. The results revealed that the operating parameters influence the wear and frictional behaviour of all the metals. Brass metal exhibited better wear and frictional behaviour compared to others. Three different wear mechanisms were observed, i.e. two body abrasion (Brass), three body abrasion (Aluminium) and adhesive (Mild Steel).

ZERO AND FINITE TEMPERATURE STUDY OF SINGLE FULLERENE CAGES AND CARBON “ONIONS” — GEOMETRY AND SHAPE

1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (29n30) ◽  
pp. 1883-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MAITI ◽  
C.J. BRABEC ◽  
J. BERNHOLC
Keyword(s):  
Interatomic Potential ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Tight Binding ◽  
Configurational Entropy ◽  
Electronic Structure Calculations ◽  
Carbon Onions ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Structure Calculations ◽  
Scaling Arguments

Scaling arguments are used to show that above a critical size of several thousand atoms, there is a stability crossover from single to multilayer cages. Conjugate gradient minimization using a classical three-body interatomic potential, as well as tight-binding electronic structure calculations yield ground-state configurations for large fullerene shells that are polyhedral with clearly faceted geometry. The structure, energetics and configurational entropy associated with low-energy defects are calculated and the number of defects estimated as a function of temperature. The role of these thermally generated defects on the shape of large fullerenes is investigated in order to explain the nearly spherical shapes of the newly discovered carbon “onions”.

Movement patterns of abrasive particles in three-body abrasion

Wear ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 162-164 ◽  
pp. 782-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fang ◽  
X.L. Kong ◽  
J.Y. Su ◽  
Q.D. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Three Body Abrasion ◽  
Three Body

scholarly journals Gastruloids develop the three body axes in the absence of extraembryonic tissues and spatially localised signalling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Turner ◽  
L. Alonso-Crisostomo ◽  
M. Girgin ◽  
P. Baillie-Johnson ◽  
C. R. Glodowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Model System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Bmp Signalling ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Extraembryonic Tissues

AbstractEstablishment of the three body axes is a critical step during animal development. In mammals, genetic studies have shown that a combination of precisely deployed signals from extraembryonic tissues position the anteroposterior axis (AP) within the embryo and lead to the emergence of the dorsoventral (DV) and left-right (LR) axes. We have used Gastruloids, embryonic organoids, as a model system to understand this process and find that they are able to develop AP, DV and LR axes as well as to undergo axial elongation in a manner that mirror embryos. The Gastruloids can be grown for 160 hours and form derivatives from ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. We focus on the AP axis and show that in the Gastruloids this axis is registered in the expression of T/Bra at one pole that corresponds to the tip of the elongation. We find that localisation of T/Bra expression depends on the combined activities of Wnt/β-Catenin and Nodal/Smad2,3 signalling, and that BMP signalling is dispensable for this process. Furthermore, AP axis specification occurs in the absence of both extraembryonic tissues and of localised sources of signalling. Our experiments show that Nodal, together with Wnt/β-Catenin signalling, is essential for the expression of T/Bra but that Wnt signalling has a separable activity in the elongation of the axis. The results lead us to suggest that, in the embryo, the role of the extraembryonic tissues might not be to induce the axes but to bias an intrinsic ability of the embryo to break its initial symmetry and organise its axes.One sentence summaryCulture of aggregates of defined number of Embryonic Stem cells leads to self-organised embryo-like structures which, in the absence of localised signalling from extra embryonic tissues and under the autonomous influence of Wnt and Nodal signalling, develop the three main axes of the body.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document