scholarly journals Metal Oxide Oxidation Catalysts as Scaffolds for Perovskite Solar Cells

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Holliman ◽  
Arthur Connell ◽  
Eurig W. Jones ◽  
Christopher P. Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
Binder Removal ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Mesoporous Metal ◽  
First Time

Whilst the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices that have reported to date have been fabricated by high temperature sintering (>500 °C) of mesoporous metal oxide scaffolds, lower temperature processing is desirable for increasing the range of substrates available and also decrease the energy requirements during device manufacture. In this work, titanium dioxide (TiO2) mesoporous scaffolds have been compared with metal oxide oxidation catalysts: cerium dioxide (CeO2) and manganese dioxide (MnO2). For MnO2, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a low energy band gap metal oxide has been used as a scaffold in the PSC devices. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that organic binder removal is completed at temperatures of 350 °C and 275 °C for CeO2 and MnO2, respectively. By comparison, the binder removal from TiO2 pastes requires temperatures >500 °C. CH3NH3PbBr3 PSC devices that were fabricated while using MnO2 pastes sintered at 550 °C show slightly improved PCE (η = 3.9%) versus mesoporous TiO2 devices (η = 3.8%) as a result of increased open circuit voltage (Voc). However, the resultant PSC devices showed no efficiency despite apparently complete binder removal during lower temperature (325 °C) sintering using CeO2 or MnO2 pastes.

scholarly journals Robotic Catalysis: A High-Throughput Method for Miniature Screening of Mesoporous Metal Oxides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kariska Potgieter ◽  
Anthony Aimon ◽  
Elize Smit ◽  
Frank von Delft ◽  
Reinout Meijboom
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
Mesoporous Metal Oxides ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Mesoporous Metal ◽  
Mesoporous Metal Oxide

A high-throughput method for the screening of miniature mesoporous metal oxide oxidation catalysts were developed. This was achieved by using multiple robotic techniques including 3D printing. The catalysts (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Au/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Pd/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Co/Mn mesoporous metal oxides) were screened for their activity towards the oxidation of morin.

scholarly journals Robotic Catalysis: A High-Throughput Method for Miniature Screening of Mesoporous Metal Oxides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kariska Potgieter ◽  
Anthony Aimon ◽  
Elize Smit ◽  
Frank von Delft ◽  
Reinout Meijboom
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
Mesoporous Metal Oxides ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Mesoporous Metal ◽  
Mesoporous Metal Oxide

A high-throughput method for the screening of miniature mesoporous metal oxide oxidation catalysts were developed. This was achieved by using multiple robotic techniques including 3D printing. The catalysts (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Au/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Pd/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Co/Mn mesoporous metal oxides) were screened for their activity towards the oxidation of morin.

Solvent-Free Powder Synthesis and MOF-CVD Thin Films of the Mesoporous Metal-Organic Framework MAF-6

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothée Stassin ◽  
Ivo Stassen ◽  
Joao Marreiros ◽  
Alexander John Cruz ◽  
Rhea Verbeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Crystalline Films ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Mesoporous Metal ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organic Framework

A simple solvent- and catalyst-free method is presented for the synthesis of the mesoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) MAF-6 (RHO-Zn(eIm)2) based on the reaction of ZnO with 2-ethylimidazole vapor at temperatures ≤ 100 °C. By translating this method to a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) protocol, mesoporous crystalline films could be deposited for the first time entirely from the vapor phase. A combination of PALS and Kr physisorption measurements confirmed the porosity of these MOF-CVD films and the size of the MAF-6 supercages (diam. ~2 nm), in close agreement with powder data and calculations. MAF-6 powders and films were further characterized by XRD, TGA, SEM, FTIR, PDF and EXAFS. The exceptional uptake capacity of the mesoporous MAF-6 in comparison to the microporous ZIF-8 is demonstrated by vapor-phase loading of a molecule larger than the ZIF-8 windows.

Metal Oxide Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells: a Double-Edged Sword

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Olthof ◽  
Kai Brinkmann ◽  
Ting Hu ◽  
Klaus Meerholz ◽  
Thoams Riedl
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Oxide Layers

Reducing recombination and enhancing open circuit voltage by Strontium-alloying in multiple cation perovskite solar cells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Caprioglio ◽  
Fengshuo Zu ◽  
Christian M. Wolff ◽  
Martin Stolterfhot ◽  
Norbert Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit

scholarly journals Valorization of sugarcane bagasse by chemical pretreatment and enzyme mediated deconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vihang S. Thite ◽  
Anuradha S. Nerurkar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Soluble Components

Abstract After chemical pretreatment, improved amenability of agrowaste biomass for enzymatic saccharification needs an understanding of the effect exerted by pretreatments on biomass for enzymatic deconstruction. In present studies, NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments effectively changed visible morphology imparting distinct fibrous appearance to sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Filtrate analysis after NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments yielded release of soluble reducing sugars (SRS) in range of ~0.17–0.44%, ~0.38–0.75% and ~2.9–8.4% respectively. Gravimetric analysis of pretreated SCB (PSCB) biomass also revealed dry weight loss in range of ~25.8–44.8%, ~11.1–16.0% and ~28.3–38.0% by the three pretreatments in the same order. Release of soluble components other than SRS, majorly reported to be soluble lignins, were observed highest for NaOH followed by H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Decrease or absence of peaks attributed to lignin and loosened fibrous appearance of biomass during FTIR and SEM studies respectively further corroborated with our observations of lignin removal. Application of commercial cellulase increased raw SCB saccharification from 1.93% to 38.84%, 25.56% and 9.61% after NaOH, H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Structural changes brought by cell wall degrading enzymes were first time shown visually confirming the cell wall disintegration under brightfield, darkfield and fluorescence microscopy. The microscopic evidence and saccharification results proved that the chemical treatment valorized the SCB by making it amenable for enzymatic saccharification.

Precursor engineering for high-quality Cs2AgBiBr6 films toward efficient lead-free double perovskite solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Hou ◽  
Wenxiang Yang ◽  
Ning Wan ◽  
Zhi Fang ◽  
Jinju Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Double Perovskite ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Precursor Engineering ◽  
First Time

We report a facile BiBr3(DMSO)2 adduct process to produce high-quality Cs2AgBiBr6 films with large grains for the first time, which leads to an enhancement of over 40% on the PCE of Cs2AgBiBr6-based solar cells compared to that of the control sample.

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