scholarly journals Assessment for Sustainable Use of Quarry Fines as Pavement Construction Materials: Part I—Description of Basic Quarry Fine Properties

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinning Zhang ◽  
Leena Katariina Korkiala-Tanttu ◽  
Henry Gustavsson ◽  
Amandine Miksic
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
General Information ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Quarry Fines ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Engineering Projects

As a secondary material, quarry fines are a valuable material to be reused for many purposes in civil engineering projects. The aggregate source depletion, especially the lack of high quality aggregates as expected in the future, as well as the demand for a carbon-neutral society and circular economy, also promotes the high-volume utilization of secondary materials such as quarry fines. The aim of this study is to do a feasibility assessment including a series of laboratory tests and analyses to evaluate the properties of quarry fine materials to determine if this type of material could be qualified as pavement construction material in high volume. The gradation information obtained from both sieving and hydrometer tests indicates the frost susceptibility of unstabilized quarry fines, therefore frost heave tests were performed and which further suggest the necessity of stabilization to improve its properties for pavement applications, especially in structural layers such as base, subbase, or filter layers. Some other general information and properties of unbound quarry fines, especially regarding their validity for application in pavement engineering are also investigated and discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment for Sustainable Use of Quarry Fines as Pavement Construction Materials: Part II-Stabilization and Characterization of Quarry Fine Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinning Zhang ◽  
Leena Katariina Korkiala-Tanttu ◽  
Mari Borén
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Quarry Fines ◽  
Pavement Base ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles ◽  
Filter Layer

A secondary by-product, quarry fines, has previously been investigated for applications in high volume as pavement construction materials. Results from a series of laboratory tests suggest qualified basic properties except for the possibility of frost susceptibility for the virgin quarry fines. In Part II of the research, stabilized quarry fine specimens were prepared and investigated in view of the mechanical behavior, and the durability represented by susceptibility to freezing and thawing cycles. The unconfined compressive strength, which is also the commonly used strength indicator, was adopted to evaluate the validity of the stabilized quarry fines as pavement construction materials. The laboratory-determined parameters were then compared among specimens treated with different stabilizers and with the typical requirements for pavement base/subbase layers. The stabilized quarry fines can be qualified for applications in pavement base, subbase and filter layer depending on the types of stabilizers used and degrees of compaction achieved.

Mechanism of Cement Paste with Different Particle Sizes of Bottom Ash as Partial Replacement in Portland Cement

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2367-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ng Hooi Jun ◽  
Mirabela Georgiana Minciuna ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Tan Soo Jin ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties

Manufacturing of Portland cement consists of high volume of natural aggregates which depleted rapidly in today construction field. New substitutable material such as bottom ash replace and target for comparable properties with hydraulic or pozzolanic properties as Portland cement. This study investigates the replacement of different sizes of bottom ash into Portland cement by reducing the content of Portland cement and examined the mechanism between bottom ash (BA) and Portland cement. A cement composite developed by 10% replacement with 1, 7, 14, and 28 days of curing and exhibited excellent mechanical strength on day 28 (34.23 MPa) with 63 mm BA. The porous structure of BA results in lower density as the fineness particles size contains high specific surface area and consume high quantity of water. The morphology, mineralogical, and ternary phase analysis showed that pozzolanic reaction of bottom ash does not alter but complements and integrates the cement hydration process which facilitate effectively the potential of bottom ash to act as construction material.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Possibility of Using 1.4462 and 1.4501 Steel as a Construction Material for Apparatus Operating at an Increased Temperature and with Corrosive Factors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4014
Author(s):  
Karol Prałat ◽  
Andżelika Krupińska ◽  
Marek Ochowiak ◽  
Sylwia Włodarczak ◽  
Magdalena Matuszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Steel Heat

The objective of this study was to determine the requirements for steels used as construction materials for chemical apparatus operating at an elevated temperature and to correlate them with the properties of the tested steels. The experimental part examined the influence of the annealing process on the structure and properties of X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) and X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 (1.4501) steel. Heat treatment was carried out on the tested samples at a temperature of 600 °C and 800 °C. Changes were observed after the indicated time intervals of 250 and 500 h. In order to determine the differences between the initial state and after individual annealing stages, metallographic specimens were performed, the structure was analyzed using an optical microscope and the micro-hardness was measured using the Vickers method. Potentiostatic tests of the samples were carried out to assess the influence of thermal process parameters on the electrochemical properties of the passive layer. An increase in the hardness of the samples was observed with increasing temperature and annealing time, the disappearance of magnetic properties for both samples after annealing at the temperature of 800 °C, as well as a significant deterioration in corrosion resistance in the case of treatment at a higher temperature.

Nanotechnology in Civil Engineering - A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Naganathan ◽  
Charan Singh Jasbir Singh ◽  
Yim Wil Shen ◽  
Peng Eng Kiat ◽  
Sivadass Thiruchelvam
Keyword(s):  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pavement Engineering

Nanotechnology can be used for design and construction processes in many areas since nanotechnology generated products have many unique characteristics. These characteristics can significantly fix current construction problems, and may change the requirement and organization of the construction process. This paper reviews the basic concept of nanotechnology, different types of nanomaterial and their manufacturing process as well as the applications of nanotechnology in different fields such as concrete, pavement engineering, construction materials. Use of nanotechnology is found to offer high performing and efficient materials. Specific application areas include water and waste water treatment, construction materials etc. The use of nanotechnology in civil engineering is still in infancy stage. The production methods, pollutions caused to human health, manufacturing difficulties, performance are the issues to be addressed in order to use the nanotechnology in civil engineering.

Preparation of Alternative Hydraulic Binder Based on Secondary Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Jiří Švec ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jiří Másilko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Massive Scale

Reusing and recycling of secondary raw materials from high-volume industrial productions (especially form construction materials and binders fabrications) is very important way of conserving environment and it is also interesting from the economical point of view. The production of common hydraulic binders, especially Portland cement, burdens the environment with considerable amount of combustion gases and consumes energy in massive scale. Alternative (low – energy) binder can be used as Portland cement substitution in applications with lower mechanical properties requirements. Mined limestone wash sediments contain large amount of clay components, but there is also indispensable share of fine calcite. This composition makes these sediments a promising material for the preparation of hydraulic binders as Roman cement or hydraulic lime.

EFFECT OF YELLOW LOESS ON ODOROUS GAS ADSORPTION AND ECOTOXICITY TEST USING DAPHNIA MAGNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Hongseok Jang ◽  
Boram Lee ◽  
Seungyoung So
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ecotoxicity Test ◽  
Lamellar Crystal ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Natural Materials

ABSTRACT To minimize damage caused by harmful substances released from artificial construction materials, there has been increasing interest in eco-friendly houses constructed with natural materials. Among natural materials, yellow loess is South Korea’s most representative eco-friendly construction material, with high purification performance for indoor use. However, there has been no objective assessment of yellow loess’s performance at purifying indoor air. In this study, internal pores were found in yellow loess that were of a lamellar crystal structure consisting of bonds of silica and alumina plates, and there was a high negative charge on the loess surface; these might have contributed to the excellent performance of yellow loess in adsorbing odorous gas. There was also an exposure test using Daphnia magna to determine the eco-friendliness of yellow loess compared with that of cement mortar. Results showed the survival of Daphnia magna was longer in the indoor environment of a test chamber with higher concentration of ammonia wherein yellow loess was placed. EC50 (median effective concentration, the concentration that caused death of 50% of bio-specimens) value of 19 ml of ammonia (0.1% solution), which was three times more than EC50 value of 6 ml of ammonia of the same area of cement mortar.

Study of the Effect of PP and LDPE Thermoplastic Binder Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Physical Properties of Particulate Composites for Building Material Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Hosta Ardhyananta ◽  
Amaliya Rasyida ◽  
Feisha Fadila Rifki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Water Absorbability

Plastic waste is majority an organic material that cannot easily decomposed by bacteria, so it needs to be recycled. One of the utilization of plastic waste recycling is become a mixture in the manufacture of building materials such as concrete, paving block, tiles, roof. This experiment purpose to find out the effect of addition of variation of LDPE and PP thermoplastic binder to physical and mechanical properties of LDPE/PP/Sand composite for construction material application. In this experiment are using many tests, such are SEM, FTIR, compression strength, density, water absorbability, and hardness. the result after the test are the best composition of composite PP/LDPE/sand is 70/0/30 because its have compression strength 14,2 MPa, while density value was 1.30 g/cm3, for the water absorbability is 0.073%, and for the highest hardness is 62.3 hardness of shore D. From the results obtained, composite material can be classified into construction materials for mortar application S type with average compression strength is 12.4 MPa.

New Lightweight Construction Material: Cellular Mat Using Recycled Plastic

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
T.I.T. Noor Hasanah ◽  
D.C. Wijeyesekera ◽  
Ismail bin Bakar ◽  
Wahab Saidin
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Ground Condition ◽  
Application Specific ◽  
Design And Construction

Applications of lightweight construction materials enable the design and construction in challenging, difficult and demanding scenarios. Construction materials with enhanced stiffness as in sandwich panels, large portable structures and floating foundations are examples of such materials. The advent of cellular structure technology has actively introduced innovation and enabled design and construction, meeting engineering requirements such as in the construction of the body of air crafts. Cellular mat structures present in the minimum, triple benefits in being lightweight, load sharing and minimising non-uniform deformation. This paper further explores the use of recycled plastic waste as the base material for an innovative geomaterial. The combination of cellular structure, mat structure and use of recycled waste material is a desirable development in manufacturing. Paper also outlines the techno social benefit of adopting such material in construction. Other application-specific benefits related to cellular mats are those like noise reduction, energy absorption, thermal insulation, mechanical damping. This paper specifically presents the development of a new multifunctional lightweight material is been proposed as an invective innovation for highway construction on challenging ground condition.

scholarly journals Application of Wall and Insulation Materials on Green Building: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Pen-Chi Chiang ◽  
Yanpeng Cai ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Green Construction ◽  
Wall Materials

The construction materials utilized in the building sector have accounted for a large amount of natural resource and energy consumption. Green building, which has developed over three decades, can be regarded as a management and technical approach for building and construction sectors to achieve resource and energy sustainability in building sectors. Therefore, the development and deployment of green construction materials play an important role in the green building field due to the contribution of sustainable resources and energy. To realize the barriers of energy and resources utilization on green building, the development trend, application, and some case studies on wall materials and thermal insulation materials are described. A summary of plant fibers, recycled wastes, and photochromic glass is developed to show applications of green construction materials, which contributes to sustainable development. The challenges and barriers from business, technical, and policy aspects are also reviewed. Finally, perspectives and prospects of green construction material life-cycle framework are illustrated. This paper presents a snapshot review of the importance of wall materials and thermal insulation materials from the point of view of energy and resources consumption.

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