scholarly journals Sweet Relief: Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Medical Grade Honey Against Vaginal Isolates of Candida albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Hermanns ◽  
Niels Cremers ◽  
John Leeming ◽  
Esther van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Medical Grade

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is predicted to increase to almost 158 million cases annually by 2030. Extensive self-diagnosis and easily accessible over-the-counter (OTC) fungistatic drugs contribute to antifungal-resistance, illustrating the need for novel therapies. Honey possesses multiple antimicrobial mechanisms, and there is no antimicrobial resistance towards honey reported. We evaluated the susceptibility of five clinical isolates of Candida albicans and a control strain to regular honey and a medical grade honey (MGH) gel formulation (L-Mesitran, containing 40% honey and vitamins C and E) using an adapted version of the EUCAST protocol at pH 5.2, 4.6, and 4.0. 40% regular honey did not kill or inhibit C. albicans. In contrast, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L-Mesitran was 25%–50%, while fungicidal effects occurred at a 50% concentration (MBC) of the MGH formulation, except for one strain which was not killed at pH 4.0. Overall, pH had little effect on antimicrobial activity. MGH formulation L-Mesitran has antimicrobial activity against C. albicans over a relevant pH range. The vitamin supplements or other components of L-Mesitran may enhance the antifungal activity of the honey. This study supports performing clinical trials for conditions, such as RVVC, to find an alternative to available OTC fungistatic drugs.

scholarly journals Persea americanaGlycolic Extract:In VitroStudy of Antimicrobial Activity againstCandida albicansBiofilm and Cytotoxicity Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jesus ◽  
J. R. Oliveira ◽  
F. E. Oliveira ◽  
K. C. Higa ◽  
J. C. Junqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Macrophage Culture ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Colony Forming Units

This study evaluated the antifungal activity ofPersea americanaextract onCandida albicansbiofilm and its cytotoxicity in macrophage culture (RAW 264.7). To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), microdilution in broth (CLSI M27-S4 protocol) was performed. Thereafter, the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL(n=10)with 5 min exposure were analyzed on mature biofilm in microplate wells for 48 h. Saline was used as control(n=10). After treatment, biofilm cells were scraped off and dilutions were plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After incubation (37°C/48 h), the values of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were converted to log10and analyzed (ANOVA and Tukey test, 5%). The cytotoxicity of theP. americanaextract was evaluated on macrophages by MTT assay. The MIC of the extract was 6.25 mg/mL and with 12.5 mg/mL there was elimination of 100% of planktonic cultures. Regarding the biofilms, a significant reduction(P<0.001)of the biofilm at concentrations of 50 (0.580±0.209log10), 100 (0.998±0.508log10), and 200 mg/mL (1.093±0.462log10) was observed. The concentrations of 200 and 100 mg/mL were cytotoxic for macrophages, while the concentrations of 50, 25, and 12.5 mg/mL showed viability higher than 55%.

Complexes of Cu (II) with a-Ketoglutaric Acid and 1- (o-tolyl) Biguanide Synthesis, characterization and biological Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3603-3610
Author(s):  
Madalina Mihalache ◽  
Cornelia Guran ◽  
Aurelia Meghea ◽  
Vasile Bercu ◽  
Ludmila Motelica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Inert Substrate

The three copper complexes having a-ketoglutaric acid (H2A) and 1- (o-tolyl) biguanide (TB) ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The proposed formulas for these complexes are: [Cu(TB)(HA)]Cl (C1), [Cu(TB)(HA)CH3COO]�H2O (C2) and [Cu(TB)(HA)](NO3) (C3) where HA represents deprotonated H2A. The complexes obtained were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, antifungal activity on Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and antitumor activity on HeLa tumor cells. Due to the antitumor, antifungal, antimicrobial activity and inhibition of inert substrate adhesion, complexes synthesized could be used for potential therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Plant Extracts on Endodontic Pathogens Isolated from Teeth with Root Canal Treatment Failure: An In Vitro Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Suraj Arora ◽  
Shahabe Saquib ◽  
Youssef Algarni ◽  
Mohammed Kader ◽  
Irfan Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Actinomyces Naeslundii

Background and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from Salvadora persica (Miswak), Commiphora molmol (myrrh) and Azadirachta indica (neem) in combination with commercially available antimicrobial agents: penicillin, tetracycline, ofloxacin and fluconazole on endodontic pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mitis, Actinomyces naeslundii and Candida albicans. Materials and Methods: Microbiological samples from the root canals of the teeth undergoing retreatment were taken using sterile paper points kept at full length in the canal for 30 seconds. The disc diffusion method was used to check the susceptibility of microbes to the plant extracts and antimicrobials by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. Against the microbes, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the plant extracts were assessed. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was used to estimate the synergistic effect of plant extracts combined with antimicrobials against the resistant endodontic microbes. Results: The findings clearly indicate the effectiveness of all the three plant extracts, Commiphora molmol, Azadirachta indica, Salvadora persica, against all the experimental pathogenic microorganisms except for the ineffectiveness of Azadirachta indica, Salvadora persica against Candida albicans. Maximum antimicrobial activity was displayed by Azadirachta indica against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 0.09 ± 1.2 mg/mL, MBC = 0.78 ± 1.25 mg/mL) and the minimum antimicrobial activity was displayed by Commiphora molmol against Actinomyces naeslundii (MIC = 12.5 ± 3.25 mg/mL, MBC = 100 ± 3.75 mg/mL). The best synergy was displayed by Commiphora molmol with fluconazole against Candida albicans (FICI = 0.45). Conclusions: The current study delineates the variable antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against the experimental endodontic pathogenic microorganisms. Plant extracts in conjunction with various antimicrobials can be valuable aids in combating relatively resistant endodontic microorganisms that have been the cause of worry in recent years, leading to failure even in treatment procedures following all required protocols.

scholarly journals ANTI-CANDIDA ALBICANS ACTIVITY OF THE ASSOCIATION OF CITRONELAL WITH ANFOTERICIN B OR WITH CETOCONAZOLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Patrícia Duarte Costa SILVA ◽  
Brenda Lavínia Calixto dos SANTOS ◽  
Gustavo Lima SOARES ◽  
Wylly Araújo de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Isolated Species

Fungal infections caused by species of the genus Candida are responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates, mainly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Among fungi, Candida albicans is the most frequently isolated species of clinical specimens. A problem associated with increased resistance of pathogenic fungi to the agents used in the therapeutic regimen and the limited number of drugs to cure these infections. As a result, the search for new drugs with antifungal activity has become increasingly important. The aim of this study is to study the antifungal activity of citronellal alone and in combination with amphotericin B or ketoconazole. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of citronellal, amphotericin B and ketoconazole against strains of Candida albicans were evaluated by the microdilution technique, and the Minimum Fungicide Concentration of citronellal against the same strains was also performed. Through the checkerboard methodology the effect of the combination of citronelal with amphotericin B or with ketoconazole was determined. This study showed that the association of citronellal with ketoconazole was shown to be an additive against one of the strains of C. albicans and indifferent to another strain. While the combined activity of citronellal and amphotericin B demonstrated an indifferent effect on the strains tested.

Antimicrobial Activity of N,N'-bis(decylmethyl)- α,ω-alkanediamine Dioxides [1]

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Devínsky ◽  
Ivan Lacko ◽  
Ludovít Krasnec ◽  
Dušan Mlynarčík
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration

Antimicrobial activity of N,N′-bis(decylmethyl)-α,ω-alkanediamine dioxides determined on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans is presented as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The effect of the length of linking alkylene chain on this activity has been followed.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils of Schinus weinmannifolius Collected in the Spring and Winter

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Camila Hernandes ◽  
Silvia H. Taleb-Contini ◽  
Ana Carolina D. Bartolomeu ◽  
Bianca W. Bertoni ◽  
Suzelei C. França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Action ◽  
Pharmacological Profile

Reports on the chemical and pharmacological profile of the essential oil of Schinus weinmannifolius do not exist, although other Schinus species have been widely investigated for their biological activities. This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of S. weinmannifolius collected in the spring and winter. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation, analyzed by GC/MS and submitted to microdilution tests, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The oils displayed different chemical composition and antimicrobial action. Bicyclogermacrene and limonene predominated in the oils extracted in the winter and spring, respectively, whereas only the latter oil exhibited antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of thymol against clinical isolates of fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant Candida albicans

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1074-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Guo ◽  
Jingbo Liu ◽  
Xiuping Wu ◽  
Xingming Bi ◽  
Rizeng Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Standard Strain ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Interaction Intensity

Thymol (THY) was found to have in vitro antifungal activity against 24 fluconazole (FLC)-resistant and 12 FLC-susceptible clinical isolates of Candida albicans, standard strain ATCC 10231 and one experimentally induced FLC-resistant C. albicans S-1. In addition, synergism was observed for clinical isolates of C. albicans with combinations of THY–FLC and THY–amphotericin B (AMB) evaluated by the chequerboard microdilution method. The interaction intensity was determined by spectrophotometry for the chequerboard assay, and the nature of the interactions was assessed using two non-parametric approaches [fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) and ΔE models]. The interaction between THY–FLC or THY–AMB in FLC-resistant and -susceptible strains of C. albicans showed a high percentage of synergism by the FICI method and the ΔE method. The ΔE model gave results consistent with FICI, and no antagonistic action was observed in the strains tested.

scholarly journals Manganese (II) and Cobalt (II) Acetylacetonates as Antimicrobial Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
S G Yiase ◽  
S O Adejo ◽  
S T Iningev
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Activity Screening ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Broth Dilution

Mn(II) and Co(II) complexes were prepared by reaction of the metal chlorides with acetylacetone in ammonical aqueous medium. The metal complexes were prepared in order to investigate their antimicrobial activity on some selected pathogens. The characterisation of the complexes was on the basis of various spectroscopic techniques like infrared and ultraviolet studies. The compounds were subjected to antimicrobial activity screening using serial broth dilution method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC) were determined. Mn(II) complex has shown significantly both antibacterial and antifungal activity with a MIC of 1.25 μg/mL while Co(II) complex was noticeable for antifungal activity at the same concentration. Whereas Mn(II) acetylacetonate is a more potent bactericide while Co(II) acetylacetonate is a more potent fungicide, both with MBC/MFC value of 2.5 μg/mL. Antimicrobial agent of the ligand has enhanced on complexation with Mn(II) and Co(II) ions. Though, the potency of the prepared antibiotics on the tested microbes is less compared to the standard drugs (Ciprofloxacin and Fulcin).

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Plumericin and Isoplumericin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Singh ◽  
Umakant Sharma ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Yogesh K Gupta ◽  
M. P. Dobhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.

Phytochemical Screening and Antifungal Activity of Kulantrillo De Allambre (Adiantum capillus-veneris) Extract as a Formulated Vaginal Cream Against Candida albicans

10.17158/234 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Bersabal ◽  
Kyrie Marie D. Deluao ◽  
Meg C. Ibarra ◽  
Nessa Karla C. Jerusalem
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antifungal Property ◽  
Vaginal Cream ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris

Candida albicans is a fungus that is normally present on the skin and in mucous membranes such as vagina, mouth, or rectum. This fungus also can travel through the blood stream and affect the throat, intestines, and heart valves. It becomes an infectious agent when there is some change in the body environment that allows it to grow out of control; thus, causing a modern day disease brought on by antibiotics, drugs, processed foods, sugar and poor diet. Folkloric practice suggests that Kulantrillo de Allambre (Adiantum capillus-veneris) is effective as antifungal medication against Candida albicans; therefore, this study was undertaken to verify such claim. This effort included the phytochemical screening of active constituents, susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration tests involving the plant. To prove that Kulantrillo de Allambre possesses antifungal activity, a formulation of vaginal cream out of the plant extracts was tested. Alkaloids, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinones were performed following the method described by Guevara et al. (2005). Kirby-Bauer Method was employed for the susceptibility test and two-fold agar dilution was employed for the MIC. Vaginal cream was formulated following the method of Ansel (2004). Tests revealed the presence of flavonoids only, which exhibit the antifungal property. Kirby-Bauer Method revealed that both test extract and positive control showed strong inhibition equivalent to 17.71 ± 6.3183 mm and 23.54 ± 4.9629 mm, respectively. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the plant extract was 50,000 ug/mL. Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the antifungal property of plant extract and positive control. Both test drugs have similar antifungal property, suggesting that the plant material is a good antifungal agent. The physical properties of vaginal cream conformed to the standard of physical properties of commercialized product available in the market.

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