scholarly journals Persea americanaGlycolic Extract:In VitroStudy of Antimicrobial Activity againstCandida albicansBiofilm and Cytotoxicity Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jesus ◽  
J. R. Oliveira ◽  
F. E. Oliveira ◽  
K. C. Higa ◽  
J. C. Junqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Macrophage Culture ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Colony Forming Units

This study evaluated the antifungal activity ofPersea americanaextract onCandida albicansbiofilm and its cytotoxicity in macrophage culture (RAW 264.7). To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), microdilution in broth (CLSI M27-S4 protocol) was performed. Thereafter, the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL(n=10)with 5 min exposure were analyzed on mature biofilm in microplate wells for 48 h. Saline was used as control(n=10). After treatment, biofilm cells were scraped off and dilutions were plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After incubation (37°C/48 h), the values of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were converted to log10and analyzed (ANOVA and Tukey test, 5%). The cytotoxicity of theP. americanaextract was evaluated on macrophages by MTT assay. The MIC of the extract was 6.25 mg/mL and with 12.5 mg/mL there was elimination of 100% of planktonic cultures. Regarding the biofilms, a significant reduction(P<0.001)of the biofilm at concentrations of 50 (0.580±0.209log10), 100 (0.998±0.508log10), and 200 mg/mL (1.093±0.462log10) was observed. The concentrations of 200 and 100 mg/mL were cytotoxic for macrophages, while the concentrations of 50, 25, and 12.5 mg/mL showed viability higher than 55%.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils of Schinus weinmannifolius Collected in the Spring and Winter

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Camila Hernandes ◽  
Silvia H. Taleb-Contini ◽  
Ana Carolina D. Bartolomeu ◽  
Bianca W. Bertoni ◽  
Suzelei C. França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Action ◽  
Pharmacological Profile

Reports on the chemical and pharmacological profile of the essential oil of Schinus weinmannifolius do not exist, although other Schinus species have been widely investigated for their biological activities. This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of S. weinmannifolius collected in the spring and winter. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation, analyzed by GC/MS and submitted to microdilution tests, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The oils displayed different chemical composition and antimicrobial action. Bicyclogermacrene and limonene predominated in the oils extracted in the winter and spring, respectively, whereas only the latter oil exhibited antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Plumericin and Isoplumericin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Singh ◽  
Umakant Sharma ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Yogesh K Gupta ◽  
M. P. Dobhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.

Phytochemical Screening and Antifungal Activity of Kulantrillo De Allambre (Adiantum capillus-veneris) Extract as a Formulated Vaginal Cream Against Candida albicans

10.17158/234 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Bersabal ◽  
Kyrie Marie D. Deluao ◽  
Meg C. Ibarra ◽  
Nessa Karla C. Jerusalem
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antifungal Property ◽  
Vaginal Cream ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris

Candida albicans is a fungus that is normally present on the skin and in mucous membranes such as vagina, mouth, or rectum. This fungus also can travel through the blood stream and affect the throat, intestines, and heart valves. It becomes an infectious agent when there is some change in the body environment that allows it to grow out of control; thus, causing a modern day disease brought on by antibiotics, drugs, processed foods, sugar and poor diet. Folkloric practice suggests that Kulantrillo de Allambre (Adiantum capillus-veneris) is effective as antifungal medication against Candida albicans; therefore, this study was undertaken to verify such claim. This effort included the phytochemical screening of active constituents, susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration tests involving the plant. To prove that Kulantrillo de Allambre possesses antifungal activity, a formulation of vaginal cream out of the plant extracts was tested. Alkaloids, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinones were performed following the method described by Guevara et al. (2005). Kirby-Bauer Method was employed for the susceptibility test and two-fold agar dilution was employed for the MIC. Vaginal cream was formulated following the method of Ansel (2004). Tests revealed the presence of flavonoids only, which exhibit the antifungal property. Kirby-Bauer Method revealed that both test extract and positive control showed strong inhibition equivalent to 17.71 ± 6.3183 mm and 23.54 ± 4.9629 mm, respectively. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the plant extract was 50,000 ug/mL. Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the antifungal property of plant extract and positive control. Both test drugs have similar antifungal property, suggesting that the plant material is a good antifungal agent. The physical properties of vaginal cream conformed to the standard of physical properties of commercialized product available in the market.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils from Ocimum Selloi and Hesperozygis myrtoides

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia G. Martini ◽  
Humberto R. Bizzo ◽  
Davyson de L. Moreira ◽  
Paulo M. Neufeld ◽  
Simone N. Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Open Air Markets ◽  
Janeiro State

Ocimum selloi, a traditional medicinal plant from Brazil, is sold in open-air markets at Rio de Janeiro State. Hesperozygis myrtoides is a very aromatic small bush found in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, growing at an altitude of 1800m. The chemical composition of both essential oils was analyzed as well as their antimicrobial activity against fungi and bacteria. For all specimens of Ocimum selloi obtained at open-air markets, methylchavicol was major compound found (93.6% to 97.6%) in their essential oils. The major compounds identified in the oil of H. myrtoides were pulegone (44.4%), isomenthone (32.7%), and limonene (3.5%). Both oils displayed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms but Candida albicans was the most susceptible one. Combinations of the two oils in different proportions were tested to verify their antimicrobial effect against C. albicans, which, however, was not modified in any of the concentrations tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to confirm the antimicrobial activity against C. albicans as well as other clinical isolates ( C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis).

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of onion (Allium cepa L.) essential oil on Candida albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Miftahur Rahmi ◽  
Felicia Aileen Agustia
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Background:Onions (Allium cepa L.) contain essential oil that have sulfur compounds called thiosulfinates  or isothiocyanates which are known to have antibacterial and antifungal effects. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) test is needed to determine the minimum concentration of onion essential oil which can inhibit or kill  fungus test. Objectives: To determine the antifungal activity of essential oil in onion (Allium cepa L.) and to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) on Candida albicans. Methods:This research was an experimental study with disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) using Sabourond Dextrose Agar (SDA) media. Results: The results were obtained at concentrations of 20% (C1); 10% (C2); 5% (C3); 2.5% (C4); 1.25% (C5); 0.625% (C6); and 0.312% (C7) provided inhibition with an average diameter of 13.14 mm; 9.33 mm; 8.49 mm; 6.90 mm; 0 mm; 0 mm; and 0 mm respectively. Conclusion: Essential oil of onion (Allium cepa L.) could inhibit fungal growth of Candida albicans and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of essential oil onions (Allium cepa L.) indicated on concentration of 2.5% with a flat diameter average of 6.90 mm.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Geraniol on Candida albicans Isolates of Pediatric Clinical Importance

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lima A L A ◽  
Pérez A L A L ◽  
Sousa J P ◽  
Pinheiro L S ◽  
Oliveira-Filho A A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration

Geraniol is a plant-derived monoterpene alcohol that has antifungal effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the geraniol for antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolates of pediatric clinical importance. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by the broth microdilution techniques. We also investigated possible geraniol action on cell walls (0.8M sorbitol) and cell membranes (Geraniol to ergosterol binding). For 90% of isolates, the MIC and MFC of the phytochemical was 64

scholarly journals Sweet Relief: Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Medical Grade Honey Against Vaginal Isolates of Candida albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Hermanns ◽  
Niels Cremers ◽  
John Leeming ◽  
Esther van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Medical Grade

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is predicted to increase to almost 158 million cases annually by 2030. Extensive self-diagnosis and easily accessible over-the-counter (OTC) fungistatic drugs contribute to antifungal-resistance, illustrating the need for novel therapies. Honey possesses multiple antimicrobial mechanisms, and there is no antimicrobial resistance towards honey reported. We evaluated the susceptibility of five clinical isolates of Candida albicans and a control strain to regular honey and a medical grade honey (MGH) gel formulation (L-Mesitran, containing 40% honey and vitamins C and E) using an adapted version of the EUCAST protocol at pH 5.2, 4.6, and 4.0. 40% regular honey did not kill or inhibit C. albicans. In contrast, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L-Mesitran was 25%–50%, while fungicidal effects occurred at a 50% concentration (MBC) of the MGH formulation, except for one strain which was not killed at pH 4.0. Overall, pH had little effect on antimicrobial activity. MGH formulation L-Mesitran has antimicrobial activity against C. albicans over a relevant pH range. The vitamin supplements or other components of L-Mesitran may enhance the antifungal activity of the honey. This study supports performing clinical trials for conditions, such as RVVC, to find an alternative to available OTC fungistatic drugs.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity in the methanolic, aqueous and hexane extracts of Calligonum polygonoides

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 205873841882127
Author(s):  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Akram
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Calligonum polygonoides is locally called as Phog which belongs to the Polygonaceae family. It is traditionally used as an antifungal. The methanolic extract, hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and aqueous extract were screened against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger in seven concentrations, that is, 1.8, 2.9, 6.5, 12.6, 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL/disc. Calligonum polygonoides showed significant activity against Candida albicans as the observed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is 6.5 µg/mL for methanolic extract, 9.8 µg/mL for ethyl acetate extract, whereas aqueous and hexane extracts showed no activity. Calligonum polygonoides did not show any significant activity against Aspergillus niger.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME AMIDE DERIVATIVES

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Asif Husain ◽  
Mohd Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Acid Moiety ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Amide Derivatives ◽  
The One

A series of amide derivates have been synthesized through the one-pot method by condensing appropriate 4-oxo-4-(4-substituted phenyl_butanoic acid moiety with isoniazid. The amides have been evaluated for their antimicrobial activity (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration - MIC) against Bacillus Sbtilis, Klebsiella pneumonie, and Candida albicans. Once compound, 2b, was found to have significant antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE HUMAN AND BOVINE LACTOFERRIN AGAINST GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA AND CANDIDA ALBICANS

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
V. N. Zorina ◽  
O. N. Vorobeva ◽  
N. A. Zorin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Doses

Aim. A comparative study of the effect ofbovine and human lactoferrin (LF) on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans strains. Materials and methods. The daily agar cultures of museum and clinical strains of microorganisms were standardized, diluted with physiological solution up (from 5000 microbial cells/ ml to 0.1 ml) was added to the stepwise dilution of LF (from 1000 pg /ml) and incubated 18 - 24 hours at 37°C. The amount of LF in the sample with the total apparent growth retardation of the microbes was the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the strain. Results. The MIC of human LF was 4 - 8 times less than MIC of bovine LF. The smallest dose was required for the suppression of C. albicans (11.3±1.5 and 43.8±9.5 pg/ml respectively), the largest when using human LF was needed to suppress S. aureus (38,2±4,6), and in a case of bovine LF - E. faecalis (206,3±51,1). Conclusion. Human LF is much more effective in suppressing bacterial infection, but in the course of evolution, there is an increase in the resistance of S. aureus to LF. The higher availability of bovine LF and the lack of a tendency to increase resistance, it is advisable to use high-doses of bovine LF in the treatment of resistant forms of bacteria and C. albicans.

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