scholarly journals The Bee as a Model to Investigate Brain and Behavioural Asymmetries

Insects ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Frasnelli ◽  
Albrecht Haase ◽  
Elisa Rigosi ◽  
Gianfranco Anfora ◽  
Lesley Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Asymmetries

scholarly journals Laterality phenotypes in patients with schizophrenia, their siblings and controls: Associations with clinical and cognitive variables

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Dragovic ◽  
Geoff Hammond ◽  
Johanna C. Badcock ◽  
Assen Jablensky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Complex Phenotypes ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Behavioural Asymmetries ◽  
Grade Of Membership

BackgroundVarious behavioural indices of brain lateralisation significantly intercorrelate, but current research in this area still focuses on single behavioural asymmetries, such as handedness.AimsTo describe a novel approach, which simultaneously integrates various laterality indices and delineates complex phenotypes.MethodGrade of membership analysis was used to describe latent, complex lateralisation phenotypes in patients with schizophrenia (n=157), their siblings (n=74) and controls (n=77). The indices used were asymmetries of eye, foot and hand; hand motor proficiency; and handedness of patient's first-degree relatives.ResultsThree distinct pure types of lateralisation (‘right’, ‘left’ and ‘mixed’) were evident in patients compared with two (‘right’ and ‘left’) in siblings and controls. The ‘mixed’ type in patients featured absence of eye and foot lateralisation and presence of familial sinistrality, despite a right-hand dominance for writing. Patients with schizophrenia expressing the ‘left’ phenotype had a more severe course of illness, significantly increased scores on two schizotypy factors and poorer neurocognitive performance. The pure types in the siblings were similar to those in healthy controls.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that a leftward reversal, rather than a reduction in lateralisation, is associated with clinical severity and neurocognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Behavioural asymmetries and cohesive mother–offspring sociality in bushy-tailed wood rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Moses ◽  
John S. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Habitat Patch ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Neotoma Cinerea ◽  
Behavioural Asymmetries ◽  
Behavioural Interactions ◽  
Resource Patches

Bushy-tailed wood rats (Neotoma cinerea) are usually confined to highly clumped resource patches (i.e., rock outcrops), and potentially compete for limited den sites within outcrops. Adults may breed on the same outcrop over several years, and philopatric yearlings usually breed in proximity to close kin. We investigated the influence of kinship and reproductive status on the nature and stability of wood rat sociality. Behavioural interactions among mother–offspring and adult female – nonkin dyads from the wild were quantified in a neutral arena during (i) the autumn when offspring were immature subadults, and (ii) the following spring, when all dyad members were reproductively active. Nonkin dyads were characterized almost entirely by agonistic behaviour. Virtually all amicable behaviour was directed toward close kin, and most interactions among kin dyads were amicable. Further, these strong kin-based behavioural asymmetries did not differ between the autumn and the subsequent breeding season, and could not be explained by postweaning familiarity (i.e., residency on a common habitat patch) alone. Wood rat sociality appears to be characterized by two elements: (i) divisive agonism directed toward nonkin, and (ii) stable, cohesive relationships among close kin (mother–offspring). Possible causes and consequences of sociality in bushy-tailed wood rats are discussed.

Asymmetry in the fossil record

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (S2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOREN E. BABCOCK
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Lateral Asymmetry ◽  
Morphological Asymmetry ◽  
Fossil Evidence ◽  
Behavioural Asymmetries ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Body Fossil

Asymmetry is a fundamental aspect of the biology of all organisms, and has a deep evolutionary history. The fossil record contains evidence of both morphological and behavioural asymmetries. Morphological asymmetry is most commonly expressed as conspicuous, directional asymmetry (either lateral asymmetry or spiral asymmetry) in body fossils. Few examples of fluctuating asymmetry, a form of subtle asymmetry, have been documented from fossils. Body fossil evidence indicates that morphological asymmetry dates to the time of the appearance of the first life on Earth (Archaean Eon). Behavioural asymmetry can be assumed to have been concomitant with conspicuous morphological asymmetry, but more direct evidence is in the form of trace fossils. Trace fossil evidence suggests that behavioural asymmetry, including nervous system lateralization, was in existence by the beginning of the Palaeozoic Era.

Kin selection and adult female Richardson's ground squirrels: a test

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Kin Selection ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Spermophilus Richardsonii ◽  
Cluster Group ◽  
Behavioural Asymmetries

A population of adult female Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) was experimentally manipulated so that on one half of the study area each of the 9 females had 2 or 3 closely related females (mother, daughter, or littermate sister) as neighbours (the "kin cluster group," KC), while the 10 females on the other half of the area did not have closely related females as contiguous neighbours (the "no kin cluster group," NKC). In the previous year, breeding success and behaviour of females on both halves of the study area were similar. Following the manipulation, KC females spent a greater proportion of their aboveground time feeding, were less vigilant, shared a greater proportion of their core area with their nearest neighbour, were less likely to be involved in interactions that led to chasing and fleeing, and had a much better breeding success compared with females in the NKC group. These results provide a preliminary demonstration that the association of adult female kin to Richardson's ground squirrels can be advantageous, and as such, the observed behavioural asymmetries based upon kinship could be maintained by kin selection.

Multiple behavioural asymmetries impact male mating success in the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
Donato Romano ◽  
Nickolas Kavallieratos ◽  
Giuseppe Conte ◽  
Cesare Stefanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Success ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Male Mating Success ◽  
Trogoderma Granarium ◽  
Khapra Beetle ◽  
Behavioural Asymmetries
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