scholarly journals Transmission of a Gammabaculovirus within Cohorts of Balsam Fir Sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) Larvae

Insects ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Graves ◽  
Dan T. Quiring ◽  
Christopher J. Lucarotti
Keyword(s):  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis

Notes on larval instars and adult antennae of Neodiprion abietis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
S.Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Physiological Study ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Northern United States

The native balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Harris) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), occurs throughout Canada, Alaska, and the northern United States of America (Rose et al. 1994; Drooz 1985). This sawfly was originally described as Lophyrus abietis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) (Harris 1841), then transferred to the genus Diprion (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) (MacGillivray 1916). Rohwer (1918) established the genus Neodiprion for Nearctic species of the genera Lophyrus and Diprion. Based on differences in size, color, and female genitalic characters between adults reared from the genera Abies, Picea, Pseudotsuga, and Tsuga (Pinaceae), Ross (1955) considered N. abietis as a complex. After a thorough morphological and physiological study, Knerer and Atwood (1972) concluded that there were five strains of N. abietis in North America: one western and four eastern.

Growth loss and recovery following defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly in young, spaced balsam fir stands

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Piene ◽  
Don P. Ostaff ◽  
Eldon S. Eveleigh
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Growth Recovery ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Intensively Managed

AbstractTwo stands of intensively managed balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae)] in western Newfoundland, located within an area infested by the balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Harr.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) complex, were selected to study growth loss and recovery following severe defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly in the early 1990s. Four years after the start of the outbreak, volume increments were reduced by 78–81%. The decreased volume increment and recovery coincided well with the balsam fir sawfly outbreak and decline. The growth recovery rates following severe balsam fir sawfly defoliation were slow due to the absence of bud destruction, which triggers the release of suppressed buds, and thus increases foliage production. It is imperative that the severe losses in volume growth caused by balsam fir sawfly defoliation are incorporated into wood supply analyses so that future annual allowable cuts may be adjusted. In addition, to ensure maximum recovery rates at the end of an outbreak, future populations must be kept at a minimum to avoid additional foliage loss.

Host–tree oviposition preference of balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), in New Brunswick, Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-434
Author(s):  
Rob C. Johns ◽  
J. Fidgen ◽  
Don P. Ostaff
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Female Longevity

AbstractLaboratory experiments using field-collected females were carried out to determine the oviposition preference of the balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Harris) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) in New Brunswick, Canada. Unmated adult females given no choice among host–plant foliage laid ∼98% of available eggs on balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller; Pinaceae), but only 8% and 10%, respectively, on white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss; Pinaceae) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Miller) Britton, Sterns, and Poggenburg). Given a choice among shoots from all three hosts in the same chamber, unmated females laid all but one egg in balsam fir. Host plant had no effect on female longevity, although there were nearly four- to eightfold more empty egg slits on balsam fir needles, owing presumably to the greater activity of females on this preferred host foliage.

ACCUMULATION AND PERSISTENCE OF FENITROTHION IN NEEDLES OF BALSAM FIR AND POSSIBLE EFFECTS ON ABUNDANCE OF NEODIPRION ABIETIS (HARRIS) (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE)

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Eidt ◽  
V.N. Mallet
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Forest Insects ◽  
The Family

AbstractFenitrothion accumulates in foliage tissue of balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., in the forest, but only until about 1.5 μg/g is reached. The balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Harris), which belongs to the family of forest insects known to be most sensitive to fenitrothion, has become rare but persists in New Brunswick in spite of the use of fenitrothion for control of spruce bud worm, Choristoneura fumerifana (Clemens).

A brief review of the past use of baculoviruses for the management of eruptive forest defoliators and recent developments on a sawfly virus in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaétan Moreau ◽  
Christopher J Lucarotti
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Insect Outbreaks ◽  
Insect Outbreak ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pine False Webworm ◽  
Acantholyda Erythrocephala

An overview is presented of the state of knowledge on the use of baculoviruses—a family of virulent insect viruses exhibiting narrow host ranges—for the suppression of insect outbreaks in Canadian forests. Emphasis is on recent investigations using NeabNPV against the balsam fir sawfly and the pine false webworm. Key words: Acantholyda erythrocephala, Baculoviridae, Baculovirus, balsam fir sawfly, biological control, forest protection, insect outbreak, Neodiprion abietis, pine false webworm

scholarly journals In vivo replication kinetics and transcription patterns of the nucleopolyhedrovirus (NeabNPV) of the balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 1945-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Duffy ◽  
Elisa M. Becker ◽  
Beatrixe H. Whittome ◽  
Christopher J. Lucarotti ◽  
David B. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
Lepidopteran Larvae ◽  
Pcr Products

DNA replication and transcription of NeabNPV, the nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) of the balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), in host larvae were investigated. NPV DNA replication kinetics and gene-expression patterns have been resolved only in lepidopteran cell-culture systems and in limited in vivo experiments with lepidopteran larvae. Furthermore, there are significant differences in pathologies caused by lepidopteran NPVs, which replicate in many tissues, and hymenopteran NPVs, known to replicate in midgut epithelium only. Despite the differences in host specificity and pathology, NeabNPV DNA replication kinetics were similar to those reported for lepidopteran NPVs. Maximal NeabNPV DNA synthesis was observed between 4 and 24 h post-inoculation (p.i.) but, in contrast to lepidopteran NPVs, synthesis continued at a lower rate up to 72 h p.i. Selected NeabNPV genes exhibited a cascade pattern of transcription similar to that of lepidopteran NPVs. RT-PCR products of the NeabNPV lef-1, lef-2 and dnapol transcripts were observed as early as 2 h p.i., whilst lef-8 and lef-9, encoding putative viral RNA polymerase subunits, were detected at 1 and 6 h p.i., respectively. Two structural late transcripts (gp41 and p74) were observed from 6 h p.i. The very late factor 1 (vlf-1) transcript, a transactivator of very late genes, was observed from 12 h p.i., but the very late transcript polh, encoding the major occlusion protein, polyhedrin, was observed from 24 h p.i. This study provides the first insight into DNA replication and gene expression of a non-lepidopteran baculovirus.

scholarly journals Pathology of aGammabaculovirusin Its Natural Balsam Fir Sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) Host

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Lucarotti ◽  
Beatrixe H. Whittome-Waygood ◽  
Renée Lapointe ◽  
Benoit Morin ◽  
David B. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Occlusion Body ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Body Formation ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Budded Virus

TheNeodiprion abietis Gammabaculovirus(Baculoviridae: NeabNPV) is virulent, highly contagious, and infects only midgut epithelial cells of balsam fir sawfly larvae, but infections can carry through to adult sawflies in the midgut. Larval infections are characterized by hypertrophy of midgut epithelial cell nuclei, where virogenic stromata develop to produce nucleocapsids that are singly enveloped before occlusion into occlusion bodies. Infected, occlusion body-laden cells slough from the midgut epithelium as a result of a dissolution of the basal lamina. Infected cells undergo lysis, and viral occlusion bodies exit affected larvae in a watery diarrhea to infect other balsam fir sawfly larvae. A budded virus stage was not observed, but nucleocapsid and occlusion body formation resembled the development of occlusion-derived virions and occlusion bodies in lepidopteran alphabaculoviruses.

New synonymy and new sawfly host records for Cirrospilus vittatus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Huber ◽  
Gaétan Moreau
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Neodiprion Abietis ◽  
New Synonymy

AbstractCirrospilus flavoviridis Crawford, syn. nov., is synonymized under C. vittatus Walker. It is newly recorded as a solitary egg parasitoid from eggs of Neodiprion abietis Harris (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) on balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceace), in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and from eggs of Neodiprion nanulus nanulus Schedl in Wisconsin.

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