scholarly journals The Benefits of Smart Nanoparticles in Dental Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2585
Author(s):  
Silvia Vasiliu ◽  
Stefania Racovita ◽  
Ionela Aurica Gugoasa ◽  
Maria-Andreea Lungan ◽  
Marcel Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Dental Applications

Dentistry, as a branch of medicine, has undergone continuous evolution over time. The scientific world has focused its attention on the development of new methods and materials with improved properties that meet the needs of patients. For this purpose, the replacement of so-called “passive” dental materials that do not interact with the oral environment with “smart/intelligent” materials that have the capability to change their shape, color, or size in response to an externally stimulus, such as the temperature, pH, light, moisture, stress, electric or magnetic fields, and chemical compounds, has received much attention in recent years. A strong trend in dental applications is to apply nanotechnology and smart nanomaterials such as nanoclays, nanofibers, nanocomposites, nanobubbles, nanocapsules, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, metallic nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals. Among the nanomaterials, the smart nanoparticles present several advantages compared to other materials, creating the possibility to use them in various dental applications, including preventive dentistry, endodontics, restoration, and periodontal diseases. This review is focused on the recent developments and dental applications (drug delivery systems and restoration materials) of smart nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Development of Antimicrobial and Antifouling Biocompatible Materials for Dental Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3167
Author(s):  
Poornima Ramburrun ◽  
Nadine A. Pringle ◽  
Admire Dube ◽  
Razia Z. Adam ◽  
Sarah D’Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Dental Resins ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Contact Killing ◽  
Dental Applications

The risk of secondary bacterial infections resulting from dental procedures has driven the design of antimicrobial and antifouling dental materials to curb pathogenic microbial growth, biofilm formation and subsequent oral and dental diseases. Studies have investigated approaches based primarily on contact-killing or release-killing materials. These materials are designed for addition into dental resins, adhesives and fillings or as immobilized coatings on tooth surfaces, titanium implants and dental prosthetics. This review discusses the recent developments in the different classes of biomaterials for antimicrobial and antifouling dental applications: polymeric drug-releasing materials, polymeric and metallic nanoparticles, polymeric biocides and antimicrobial peptides. With modifications to improve cytotoxicity and mechanical properties, contact-killing and anti-adhesion materials show potential for incorporation into dental materials for long-term clinical use as opposed to short-lived antimicrobial release-based coatings. However, extended durations of biocompatibility testing, and adjustment of essential biomaterial features to enhance material longevity in the oral cavity require further investigations to confirm suitability and safety of these materials in the clinical setting. The continuous exposure of dental restorative and regenerative materials to pathogenic microbes necessitates the implementation of antimicrobial and antifouling materials to either replace antibiotics or improve its rational use, especially in the day and age of the ever-increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals A Study on the Wear Behaviour of Monolithic Mullite Materials for Dental Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Perent GÜLER ◽  
Burcu ERTUĞ ◽  
Nazenin İPEK IŞIKÇI ◽  
Alpagut KARA
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential use of the monolithic mullite samples for the dental applications. For this purpose, at first the monolithic mullite samples obtained by the powder metallurgy method have been characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) together with the EDS analysis. The pin-on-disk tribometer has been used to conduct the wear test in order to determine the volumetric loss. After the wear tests, the worn surfaces of the sintered mullite samples have been studied. The presence of the 3Al2O3.2SiO2 structure has been confirmed by the FT-IR spectroscopy through the observation of the characteristic Al-O-Si linkages at the spectra. The wear rate results derived from the volumetric losses have been measured to be around 2.42×10-6 mm3/Nm. This value has been found to be lower than those of alumina and alumina-mullite composites in the previous studies, which explains the higher wear resistance of these mullite materials. The room temperature friction coefficients of AS-1 and AS-2 samples have been determined to be 0.88 and 0.80, respectively. The wear behaviour of the samples has been correlated to the sintering temperature and the resultant relative density of the samples. The mullite samples obtained in this study have indicated better wear performance than the other materials (alumina and alumina-mullite composites) in spite of the usage of monolithic material. Therefore, this study suggests that the monolithic mullite materials have a potential to be exploited for the replacement of the previous ceramic-based dental materials. Further studies might contribute to the improvement of these materials to be utilized in the oral environment.

Green Synthesized Nanomaterials as Theranostic Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Principles, Challenges and the Road Ahead

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1311-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pala Rajasekharreddy ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Siddhardha Busi ◽  
Jobina Rajkumari ◽  
Ming-Hong Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Theranostic Applications ◽  
Insight Into

With the emergence of nanotechnology, new methods have been developed for engineering various nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Nanotheranostics is a burgeoning research field with tremendous prospects for the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. However, the development of biocompatible and efficient drug/gene delivery theranostic systems still remains a challenge. Green synthetic approach of nanoparticles with low capital and operating expenses, reduced environmental pollution and better biocompatibility and stability is a latest and novel field, which is advantageous over chemical or physical nanoparticle synthesis methods. In this article, we summarize the recent research progresses related to green synthesized nanoparticles for cancer theranostic applications, and we also conclude with a look at the current challenges and insight into the future directions based on recent developments in these areas.

scholarly journals Review on Development and Dental Applications of Polyetheretherketone-Based Biomaterials and Restorations

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludan Qin ◽  
Shuo Yao ◽  
Jiaxin Zhao ◽  
Chuanjian Zhou ◽  
Thomas W. Oates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dental Resin ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Inert Surface ◽  
Oral Implant ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Orthopedic Applications

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an important high-performance thermoplastic. Its excellent strength, stiffness, toughness, fatigue resistance, biocompatibility, chemical stability and radiolucency have made PEEK attractive in dental and orthopedic applications. However, PEEK has an inherently hydrophobic and chemically inert surface, which has restricted its widespread use in clinical applications, especially in bonding with dental resin composites. Cutting edge research on novel methods to improve PEEK applications in dentistry, including oral implant, prosthodontics and orthodontics, is reviewed in this article. In addition, this article also discusses innovative surface modifications of PEEK, which are a focus area of active investigations. Furthermore, this article also discusses the necessary future studies and clinical trials for the use of PEEK in the human oral environment to investigate its feasibility and long-term performance.

Organic Synthesis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass F. Taber ◽  
Tristan Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Enantioselective Epoxidation ◽  
To Come

Organic synthesis is a vibrant and rapidly evolving field; chemists can now cyclize alkenes directly onto enones. Like the first five books in this series, Organic Synthesis: State of the Art 2013-2015 will lead readers quickly to the most important recent developments in a research area. This series offers chemists a way to stay abreast of what's new and exciting in organic synthesis. The cumulative reaction/transformation index of 2013-2015 outlines all significant new organic transformations over the past twelve years. Future volumes will continue to come out every two years. The 2013-2015 volume features the best new methods in subspecialties such as C-O, C-N and C-C ring construction, catalytic asymmetric synthesis, selective C-H functionalization, and enantioselective epoxidation. This text consolidates two years of Douglass Taber's popular weekly online column, "Organic Chemistry Highlights" as featured on the organic-chemistry.org website and also features cumulative indices of all six volumes in this series, going back twelve years.

scholarly journals Adhesion of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles to Dental Materials under Oral Conditions

Scanning ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Mirela Guimarães Nobre ◽  
Norbert Pütz ◽  
Matthias Hannig
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Oral Conditions ◽  
Dental Applications

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAP) are receiving considerable attention for dental applications, and their adhesion to enamel is well established. However, there are no reports concerning the effects of HAP on other dental materials, and most of the studies in this field are based on in vitro designs, neglecting the salivary pellicle-apatite interactions. Thus, this in situ pilot study aims to evaluate the effects of three hydroxyapatite-based solutions and their interactions with different dental material surfaces under oral conditions. Hence, two volunteers carried intraoral splints with mounted samples from enamel and from three dental materials: titanium, ceramics, and polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Three HAP watery solutions (5%) were prepared with different shapes and sizes of nano-HAP (HAP I, HAP II, HAP III). After 3 min of pellicle formation, 10 ml rinse was performed during 30 sec. Rinsing with water served as control. Samples were accessed immediately after rinsing, 30 min and 2 h after rinsing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the particles, and SEM evaluated the pellicle-HAP interactions. SEM and TEM results showed a high variation in the size range of the particles applied. A heterogeneous HAP layer was present after 2 h on enamel, titanium, ceramics, and PMMA surfaces under oral conditions. Bridge-like structures were visible between the nano-HAP and the pellicle formed on enamel, titanium, and PMMA surfaces. In conclusion, nano-HAP can adhere not only to enamel but also to artificial dental surfaces under oral conditions. The experiment showed that the acquired pellicle act as a bridge between the nano-HAP and the materials’ surface.

scholarly journals A Review on the Biocompatibility of PMMA-Based Dental Materials for Interim Prosthetic Restorations with a Glimpse into Their Modern Manufacturing Techniques

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silviu Mirel Pituru ◽  
Maria Greabu ◽  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Marina Imre ◽  
Mihaela Pantea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prosthetic Materials ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Oral Epithelial

This paper’s primary aim is to outline relevant aspects regarding the biocompatibility of PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate))-based materials used for obtaining interim prosthetic restorations, such as the interaction with oral epithelial cells, fibroblasts or dental pulp cells, the salivary oxidative stress response, and monomer release. Additionally, the oral environment’s biochemical response to modern interim dental materials containing PMMA (obtained via subtractive or additive methods) is highlighted in this review. The studies included in this paper confirmed that PMMA-based materials interact in a complex way with the oral environment, and therefore, different concerns about the possible adverse oral effects caused by these materials were analyzed. Adjacent to these aspects, the present work describes several advantages of PMMA-based dental materials. Moreover, the paper underlines that recent scientific studies ascertain that the modern techniques used for obtaining interim prosthetic materials, milled PMMA, and 3D (three-dimensional) printed resins, have distinctive advantages compared to the conventional ones. However, considering the limited number of studies focusing on the chemical composition and biocompatibility of these modern interim prosthetic materials, especially for the 3D printed ones, more aspects regarding their interaction with the oral environment need to be further investigated.

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