scholarly journals A Review on the Biocompatibility of PMMA-Based Dental Materials for Interim Prosthetic Restorations with a Glimpse into Their Modern Manufacturing Techniques

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silviu Mirel Pituru ◽  
Maria Greabu ◽  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Marina Imre ◽  
Mihaela Pantea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prosthetic Materials ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Oral Epithelial

This paper’s primary aim is to outline relevant aspects regarding the biocompatibility of PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate))-based materials used for obtaining interim prosthetic restorations, such as the interaction with oral epithelial cells, fibroblasts or dental pulp cells, the salivary oxidative stress response, and monomer release. Additionally, the oral environment’s biochemical response to modern interim dental materials containing PMMA (obtained via subtractive or additive methods) is highlighted in this review. The studies included in this paper confirmed that PMMA-based materials interact in a complex way with the oral environment, and therefore, different concerns about the possible adverse oral effects caused by these materials were analyzed. Adjacent to these aspects, the present work describes several advantages of PMMA-based dental materials. Moreover, the paper underlines that recent scientific studies ascertain that the modern techniques used for obtaining interim prosthetic materials, milled PMMA, and 3D (three-dimensional) printed resins, have distinctive advantages compared to the conventional ones. However, considering the limited number of studies focusing on the chemical composition and biocompatibility of these modern interim prosthetic materials, especially for the 3D printed ones, more aspects regarding their interaction with the oral environment need to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Cytocompatibility of 3D printed dental materials for temporary restorations on fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hyun Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely used in the fabrication of dental prostheses; however, the influence of dental materials used for 3D printing on temporary restoration of fibroblasts in tissues is unclear. Thus, the influence of different dental materials on fibroblasts were investigated. Methods Digital light processing (DLP) type 3D printing was used. Specimens in the control group were fabricated by mixing liquid and powder self-curing resin restoration materials. The temporary resin materials used were Model, Castable, Clear-SG, Tray, and Temporary, and the self-curing resin materials used were Lang dental, Alike, Milky blue, TOKVSO CUREFAST, and UniFast III. Fibroblast cells were cultured on each specimen and subsequently post-treated for analysis. Morphology of the adhered cells were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM cell imaging revealed that the 3D printed material group presented better cell adhesion with well-distributed filopodia compared to that in the conventional resin material group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 3D printing materials. Conclusion This indicates that using resins fabricated by 3D printing technology rather than the ones fabricated by self-curing technology is recommended for the fabrication of dental temporary restorations.

scholarly journals Role of Neuraminidase-Producing Bacteria in Exposing Cryptic Carbohydrate Receptors forStreptococcus gordoniiAdherence

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. e00068-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wong ◽  
Margaret A. Grau ◽  
Anirudh K. Singh ◽  
Shireen A. Woodiga ◽  
Samantha J. King
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Neuraminidase Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Oral Epithelial

ABSTRACTStreptococcus gordoniiis an early colonizer of the oral cavity. Although a variety ofS. gordoniiadherence mechanisms have been described, current dogma is that the major receptor forS. gordoniiis sialic acid. However, as many bacterial species in the oral cavity produce neuraminidase that can cleave terminal sialic acid, it is unclear whetherS. gordoniirelies on sialic acid for adherence to oral surfaces or if this species has developed alternative binding strategies. Previous studies have examined adherence to immobilized glycoconjugates and identified binding to additional glycans, but no prior studies have defined the contribution of these different glycan structures in adherence to oral epithelial cells. We determined that the majority ofS. gordoniistrains tested did not rely on sialic acid for efficient adherence. In fact, adherence of some strains was significantly increased following neuraminidase treatment. Further investigation of representative strains that do not rely on sialic acid for adherence revealed binding not only to sialic acid via the serine-rich repeat protein GspB but also to β-1,4-linked galactose. Adherence to this carbohydrate occurs via an unknown adhesin distinct from those utilized byStreptococcus oralisandStreptococcus pneumoniae. Demonstrating the potential biological relevance of binding to this cryptic receptor, we established thatS. oralisincreasesS. gordoniiadherence in a neuraminidase-dependent manner. These data suggest thatS. gordoniihas evolved to simultaneously utilize both terminal and cryptic receptors in response to the production of neuraminidase by other species in the oral environment.

Influence of different materials used for 3D printing in miniature speaker enclosure development

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5631-5636
Author(s):  
Bartlomiej Chojnacki ◽  
Jan Pawlik ◽  
Tadeusz Kamisinski
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Current State ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Complicated Geometry ◽  
Materials Used

Additive manufacturing techniques are commonly used in industry and mechanical prototyping. The past years brought rapid growth in this technology development, also in the speaker cabinets manufacturing industry. We observe numerous DIY projects on the market based on the 3D printed cabinet parts; however, this technology also offers novel options that should be investigated and documented. In the current state of the art, the basic properties and construction aspects for speaker acoustic performance is not provided as the 3d printing technique is usually treated as the tool for other projects' development. This paper will provide a detailed comparison of the most common 3D printing materials used in FDM techno9logy, such as PLA, TPE, PET-G, and others with different mechanical properties. Example enclosure for a loudspeaker of 37 mm diameter will be printed in different shapes and compared for frequency and sensitivity differences. The results will be discussed, investigating the possible use of different than traditional rigid plastic enclosures and new options using complicated geometry shapes possibly to manufacture with 3D printing techniques.

scholarly journals Color and Translucency Stability of Three-Dimensional Printable Dental Materials for Crown and Bridge Restorations

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Jong-Eun Kim ◽  
Won-Huy Choi ◽  
Dasun Lee ◽  
Yooseok Shin ◽  
Sung-Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Distinct Color ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
And Storage

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare color and translucency stability of three-dimensional (3D) printable dental materials for crown and bridge restorations. Five different materials were investigated, and twelve disc-shaped specimens of two different thicknesses (1 and 2 mm) were prepared using a digital light processing 3D printer. Color measurements were made according to the CIELAB color scale (L*, a*, and b*) using a spectrophotometer 1 h, 1 day, 1 week, one month, and six months after post-curing of the materials, and the translucency parameter (TP) was calculated. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values were compared among the different materials and storage periods using repeated measures analysis of variance. Color and translucency changes of the specimens after the different storage periods were compared with 1 h measurements to determine whether they exceeded clinically perceivable thresholds. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values showed significant differences according to the storage periods, as well as among the materials. Until one month, some materials demonstrated distinct color differences, while others showed small color differences below a clinically perceivable threshold. The translucency differences were not clinically perceivable for any specimen. After six months, all specimens demonstrated large color changes, whereas the changes in translucency were relatively small. In conclusion, the color of 3D printable dental materials changed with time, and the differences varied with the materials used. On the contrary, the changes in translucency were small. Overall, the materials became darker, more yellowish, and more opaque after six months of water storage.

scholarly journals 3D Printing Manufacturing Techniques, Materials, and Applications: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
D. Srinivasan ◽  
M. Meignanamoorthy ◽  
M. Ravichandran ◽  
V. Mohanavel ◽  
S. V. Alagarsamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Digital Document ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
3D Solid

3D printing, also called additive manufacturing (AM), is a method of creating 3D solid parts from a digital document. By utilizing additive routes, the fabrication of 3D-printed objects can be made. These layers can be viewed as a gently cut level cross-area of the manifest object. 3D printing is somewhat in obstruction to subtractive manufacture, which is expelling/discharging out a touch of metal or plastic for the occurrence of a milling machine. 3D printing authorizes creating multifarious profiles employing fewer materials than conventional fabrication systems. This review article provides the general idea of 3D printing production techniques, materials used, and applications in the aircraft and automobile industry and biomedical fields.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of Bespoke 3D-Printed Titanium Alloy Plates for Treating Acetabular Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuezhi Lin ◽  
Xingling Xiao ◽  
Yimeng Wang ◽  
Cheng Gu ◽  
Canbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Treatment of acetabular fractures is challenging, not only because of its complicated anatomy but also because of the lack of fitting plates. Personalized titanium alloy plates can be fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) but the biocompatibility of these three-dimensional printing (3D-printed) plates remains unknown. Plates were manufactured by SLM and their cytocompatibility was assessed by observing the metabolism of L929 fibroblasts incubated with culture medium extracts using a CCK-8 assay and their morphology by light microscopy. Allergenicity was tested using a guinea pig maximization test. In addition, acute systemic toxicity of the 3D-printed plates was determined by injecting extracts from the implants into the tail veins of mice. Finally, the histocompatibility of the plates was investigated by implanting them into the dorsal muscles of rabbits. The in vitro results suggested that cytocompatibility of the 3D-printed plates was similar to that of conventional plates. The in vivo data also demonstrated histocompatibility that was comparable between the two manufacturing techniques. In conclusion, both in vivo and in vitro experiments suggested favorable biocompatibility of 3D-printed titanium alloy plates, indicating that it is a promising option for treatment of acetabular fractures.

scholarly journals Cytocompatibility of 3D printed dental materials for temporary restorations on fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hyun Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely used in the fabrication of dental prostheses; however, the influence of dental materials used for 3D printing on temporary restoration of fibroblasts in tissues is unclear. Thus, the influence of different dental materials on fibroblasts were investigated. Methods Digital light processing (DLP) type 3D printing was used. Specimens in the control group were fabricated by mixing liquid and powder self-curing resin restoration materials. The temporary resin materials used were Model, Castable, Clear-SG, Tray, and Temporary, and the self-curing resin materials used were Lang dental, Alike, Milky blue, TOKVSO CUREFAST, and UniFast III. Fibroblast cells were cultured on each specimen and subsequently post-treated for analysis. Morphology of the adhered cells were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM cell imaging revealed that the 3D printed material group presented better cell adhesion with well-distributed filopodia compared to that in the conventional resin material group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 3D printing materials. Conclusion Superior cytocompatibility of the specimens fabricated through 3D printing and polishing process was demonstrated with the proof of better cell adhesion and higher cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Current Status and Perspectives on Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago A. Rodrigues ◽  
V. Duarte ◽  
R.M. Miranda ◽  
Telmo G. Santos ◽  
J.P. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Metallic Parts ◽  
General Perspective

Additive manufacturing has revolutionized the manufacturing paradigm in recent years due to the possibility of creating complex shaped three-dimensional parts which can be difficult or impossible to obtain by conventional manufacturing processes. Among the different additive manufacturing techniques, wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is suitable to produce large metallic parts owing to the high deposition rates achieved, which are significantly larger than powder-bed techniques, for example. The interest in WAAM is steadily increasing, and consequently, significant research efforts are underway. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the most significant achievements in WAAM, highlighting process developments and variants to control the microstructure, mechanical properties, and defect generation in the as-built parts; the most relevant engineering materials used; the main deposition strategies adopted to minimize residual stresses and the effect of post-processing heat treatments to improve the mechanical properties of the parts. An important aspect that still hinders this technology is certification and nondestructive testing of the parts, and this is discussed. Finally, a general perspective of future advancements is presented.

scholarly journals Cytocompatibility of 3D printed dental materials for temporary restorations on fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hyun Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely used in the fabrication of dental prostheses; however, the influence of dental materials used for 3D printing on temporary restoration of fibroblasts in tissues is unclear. Thus, the influence of different dental materials on fibroblasts were investigated. Methods Digital light processing (DLP) type 3D printing was used. Specimens in the control group were fabricated by mixing liquid and powder self-curing resin restoration materials. The temporary resin materials used were Model, Castable, Clear-SG, Tray, and Temporary, and the self-curing resin materials used were Lang dental, Alike, Milky blue, TOKVSO CUREFAST, and UniFast III. Fibroblast cells were cultured on each specimen and subsequently post-treated for analysis. Morphology of the adhered cells were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM cell imaging revealed that the 3D printed material group presented better cell adhesion with well-distributed filopodia compared to that in the conventional resin material group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 3D printing materials. Conclusion Superior cytocompatibility of the specimens fabricated through 3D printing and polishing process was demonstrated with the proof of better cell adhesion and higher cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Performance Parameters in FDM 3D Printed Parts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Rapid changes and evolutionary market has demanded the new ways of production such as adaptive manufacturing techniques. In this research work different response characteristics such as ultimate tensile strength, surface roughness and energy consumed have been investigated from the work piece fabricated using of three dimensional printing. Taguchi based L27 orthogonal array was used to carry out the investigation study using Minitab software. From experimental investigation it has been depicted that layer resolution is the most significant parameter

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