scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of QTLs for Grain Protein Content Based on Genotyping-by-Resequencing and Verification of qGPC1-1 in Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Bo Wu ◽  
Guan Li ◽  
Yu-Jun Zhu ◽  
Yi-Chen Cheng ◽  
Jin-Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Density Map

To clarify the genetic mechanism underlying grain protein content (GPC) and to improve rice grain qualities, the mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the natural variation of GPC are very important. Based on genotyping-by-resequencing, a total of 14 QTLs were detected with the Huanghuazhan/Jizi1560 (HHZ/JZ1560) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in 2016 and 2017. Seven of the fourteen QTLs were repeatedly identified across two years. Using three residual heterozygote-derived populations, a stably inherited QTL named as qGPC1-1 was validated and delimited to a ~862 kb marker interval JD1006–JD1075 on the short arm of chromosome 1. Comparing the GPC values of the RIL population determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and Kjeldahl nitrogen determination (KND) methods, high correlation coefficients (0.966 and 0.983) were observed in 2016 and 2017. Furthermore, 12 of the 14 QTLs were identically identified with the GPC measured by the two methods. These results indicated that instead of the traditional KND method, the rapid and easy-to-operate NIRS was suitable for analyzing a massive number of samples in mapping and cloning QTLs for GPC. Using the gel-based low-density map consisted of 208 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and insert/deletion (InDel) markers, the same number of QTLs (fourteen) were identified in the same HHZ/JZ1560 RIL population, and three QTLs were repeatedly detected across two years. More stably expressed QTLs were identified based on the genome resequencing, which might be attributed to the high-density map, increasing the detection power of minor QTLs. Our results are helpful in dissecting the genetic basis of GPC and improving rice grain qualities through molecular assisted selection.

Differences among bread wheat genotypes for tissue nitrogen content and their relationship to grain yield and protein content

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rostami ◽  
L O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen

This study was conducted to examine genotypic differences in tissue nitrogen content of wheat and establish the extent to which they were related to variation in grain yield and protein content. Thirty-six genotypes consisting of cultivars and advanced breeding lines were grown at four rates of applied nitrogen: 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N/ha, for 3 years. Above-ground plant matter was harvested at approximately Zadoks growth stage 31 (commencement of stem elongation), microwaved for 4 min, then oven-dried at 60�C. Tissue nitrogen content of the hammermill-ground sample and grain protein content were determined by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrometry. Genotypic differences in tissue nitrogen content, grain yield and protein content were established in each year. Maxima for tissue nitrogen and grain protein were obtained at the highest nitrogen rate, whereas the minima were at the zero rate. Yield responses to nitrogen application varied between years. Tissue nitrogen content was positively correlated with grain protein content in 8 of 12 within individual nitrogen rate comparisons. Over all nitrogen rates, the two variables were significantly positively correlated (ranging from r = 0.453 to r = 0.771). Tissue nitrogen content and protein content generally exhibited high heritability estimates within and over years, whereas grain yield had a high within year but a low over years heritability value. The use of tissue nitrogen content provides a possible basis for a screening test to select for yield and protein content in wheat breeding programs.

Development of recombinant high yielding lines with improved protein content in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chattopadhyay ◽  
S. G. Sharma ◽  
T. B. Bagchi ◽  
K. A. Molla ◽  
S. Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Selection For

AbstractRice has the lowest grain protein content (GPC) among cereals. Efforts have been made to improve GPC through the modified bulk-pedigree method of selection. A total of 1780 F8 recombinant lines were derived in the year 2013 from five different cross combinations involving two high-GPC landraces, namely ARC10075 and ARC10063, three high-yielding parents, namely Swarna, Naveen and IR64, and one parent, namely Sharbati, known for superior grain quality with high micronutrient content. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to facilitate high-throughput selection for GPC. Significant selection differential, response to selection and non-significant differences between the predicted and observed response to selection for GPC and protein yield indicated the effectiveness of this selection process. This resulted in lines with high GPC, protein yield and desirable levels of amylose content. Further, based on high mean and stability for GPC and protein yield over the environments in the wet seasons of 2013, 2014 and the dry season of 2014, 12 elite lines were identified. Higher accumulation of glutelin fraction and non-significant change in prolamin/glutelin ratio in the grain suggested safe guarding of the nutritional value of rice grain protein of most of these identified lines. Since rice is the staple food of millions, the output of breeding for high GPC could have a significant role in alleviating protein malnutrition, especially in the developing world.

scholarly journals Grain Protein Content QTLs Identified in a Durum × Wild Emmer Wheat Mapping Population Tested in Five Environments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Fatiukha ◽  
Itamar Lupo ◽  
Gabriel Lidzbarsky ◽  
Valentina Klymiuk ◽  
Abraham B. Korol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wild Emmer Wheat ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Ril Population

AbstractWild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidumssp.dicoccoides, WEW) was shown to exhibit high grain protein content (GPC) and therefore, possess a great potential for improvement of cultivated wheat nutritional value. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross betweenT. durumvar. Svevo and WEW acc. Y12-3 was used for construction of a high-density genetic map and genetic dissection of GPC. Genotyping of 208 F6RILs with 15K wheat SNP array yielded 4,166 polymorphic SNP markers, of which 1,510 were designated as skeleton markers. A total map length of 2,169 cM was obtained with an average distance of 1.5 cM between SNPs. A total of 12 GPC QTLs with LOD score range of 2.7-35.9, and PEV of 2.6-26.6% were identified under five environments. Major QTLs with favorable alleles from WEW were identified on chromosomes 4BS, 5AS, 6BS and 7BL. The QTL region on 6BS coincided with the physical position of the previously cloned QTL,Gpc-B1. Comparisons of the physical intervals of the GPC QTLs described here with the results previously reported in other durum×WEW RIL population led to the identification of four common and two homoeologous QTLs. Exploration of the large genetic variation within WEW accessions is a precondition for discovery of exotic beneficial alleles, as we have demonstrated here, by the identification of seven novel GPC QTLs. Therefore, our research emphasizes the importance of GPC QTL dissection in diverse WEW accessions as a source of novel alleles for improvement of GPC in cultivated wheat.Key messageGenetic dissection of GPC in tetraploid durum × WEW RIL population, based on high-density SNP genetic map, revealed 12 QTLs, with favorable WEW allele for 11 QTLs.

Relation of grain protein content and some agronomic traits in European cultivars of winter wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mladenov ◽  
B. Banjac ◽  
A. Krishna ◽  
M. Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein

scholarly journals Mutant Lines of Spring Wheat with Increased Iron, Zinc, and Micronutrients in Grains and Enhanced Bioavailability for Human Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saule Kenzhebayeva ◽  
Alfia Abekova ◽  
Saule Atabayeva ◽  
Gulzira Yernazarova ◽  
Nargul Omirbekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Stable Mutant ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Mutant Lines

Deficiency of metals, primarily Fe and Zn, affects over half of the world’s population. Human diets dominated by cereal products cause micronutrient malnutrition, which is common in many developing countries where populations depend heavily on staple grain crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. Biofortification is one of the most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition. Genetically stable mutant spring wheat lines (M7 generation) produced via 100 or 200 Gy gamma treatments to broaden genetic variation for grain nutrients were analyzed for nutritionally important minerals (Ca, Fe, and Zn), their bioavailability, and grain protein content (GPC). Variation was 172.3–883.0 mg/kg for Ca, 40.9–89.0 mg/kg for Fe, and 22.2–89.6 mg/kg for Zn. In mutant lines, among the investigated minerals, the highest increases in concentrations were observed in Fe, Zn, and Ca when compared to the parental cultivar Zhenis. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 100 Gy-derived germplasm, had more than two-fold higher Fe, Zn, and Ca concentrations, lower phytic acid concentration (1.4–2.1-fold), and 6.5–7% higher grain protein content compared to the parent. Variation was detected for the molar ratios of Ca:Phy, Phy:Fe, and Phy:Zn (1.27–10.41, 1.40–5.32, and 1.78–11.78, respectively). The results of this study show how genetic variation generated through radiation can be useful to achieve nutrient biofortification of crops to overcome human malnutrition.

Optimizing Maize Yield, Nitrogen Efficacy and Grain Protein Content under Different N Forms and Rates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah O. Ochieng’ ◽  
Harun I. Gitari ◽  
Benson Mochoge ◽  
Esmaeil Rezaei-Chiyaneh ◽  
Joseph P. Gweyi-Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein
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