scholarly journals Interaction between Cd and Zn on Metal Accumulation, Translocation and Mineral Nutrition in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Dong ◽  
Shuai Hu ◽  
Ling Fei ◽  
Lijiao Liu ◽  
Zhaolong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Cd Toxicity

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), an accumulator that is able to accumulate and excrete cadmium (Cd), has attracted much attention for its possible use in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. In the present study, the interaction between Cd and Zn, and their uptake, translocation and accumulation under external Cd and Zn treatment in tall fescue were investigated. The concentrations of K, Ca, Mg in xylem sap under Cd and Zn treatment were measured to determine the level of mineral nutrients and their relationship with Cd alleviation. The result showed that Cd and Zn antagonized each other in the roots, while Cd antagonized Zn and Zn synergized Cd in the shoots of tall fescue. Compared with Cd only treatment, the concentrations of Ca, Mg and K in xylem sap increased after the addition of Zn, and they increased the most in the guttation. This result indicated that the addition of Zn facilitates the level of mineral elements to alleviate Cd toxicity, which might be used to improve the phytoremediation efficiency of Cd contaminated soils by tall fescue.

scholarly journals Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pinus halepensis Seedlings in North Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Claudio Cameselle ◽  
Susana Gouveia ◽  
Abdenbi Zine El Abidine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
High Concentrations

The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study aims to assess the growth and the nutritional status of ectomycorrhizal Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd for possible integration in the restoration of heavy metals contaminated sites. Ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis seedlings were grown in uncontaminated (control) and contaminated soils for 12 months. Growth, mineral nutrition, and heavy metal content were assessed. Results showed that ectomycorrhizae significantly improved shoot and roots dry masses of P. halepensis seedlings, as well as nitrogen shoot content. The absorption of Pb, Zn, and Cd was much higher in the roots than in the shoots, and significantly more pronounced in ectomycorrhizal seedlings—especially for Zn and Cd. The presence of ectomycorrhizae significantly reduced the translocation factor of Zn and Cd and bioaccumulation factor of Pb and Cd, which enhanced the phytostabilizing potential of P. halepensis seedlings. These results support the use of ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Heavy metal accumulation in tomato and cabbage grown in some industrially contaminated soils of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
Md Akhter Hossain Chowdhury ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Living System ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Metal Contents

Heavy metal accumulation in environmental compartments is a potential risk to the living system because of their uptake by plants and subsequent introduction into the food chain. A study was carried out to investigate the heavy metal contents in industrially contaminated soils collected from six different locations of Dhaka and Mymensingh districts and their effects on two important vegetables namely tomato and cabbage. Pot experiment was conducted using contaminated soils at the net house of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The higher level of heavy metal contents was found in the soil samples of Hajaribag and Dhaka Export Processing Zone (DEPZ). The highest Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu and Fe contents were 59.45, 18.79, 67.57, 40.81 and 1619.61 µg g−1 which were much above the recommended level except Cu contents. The highest yield of vegetables was obtained grown in Maskanda soil of Mymensingh district and the lowest from DEPZ soil of Dhaka. The highest Ni, Cr and Fe contents were 8.91, 7.22, 419.65 µg g−1, respectively in tomato fruits grown in the soil of Hajaribag whereas the highest Cu content (3.38 µg g−1) was obtained from Seedstore soil, Mymensingh and highest Cd content (2.88 µg g−1) was from Mitford ghat soil, Dhaka. In cabbage, the highest Ni (17.52 µg g−1) and Fe (411.25 µg g−1) contents were found in the soils of DEPZ whereas the highest Cr (9.17 µg g−1), Cd (3.52 µg g−1) and Cu (8.51 µg g−1) were obtained in the plants grown in the soils of Hajaribag, Mitford ghat and Maskanda, respectively. Concentrations of all the tested heavy metals except Cu in both vegetables were above the maximum allowable limit prescribed by the World Health Organization. Among the metals, the accumulation of Ni was found as higher amount (0.39 and 0.71 for tomato and cabbage, respectively) based on plant concentration factor or transfer factor. The results showed a positive correlation between concentration of the metals present in soils and in vegetables and the highest correlation was found with Cr in tomato and Fe in cabbage. However, both the soils and grown vegetables were consistently observed to pose a risk to human health. So, it can be recommended that government should take necessary action so that heavy metals used in the industries cannot come into the nearby agricultural field to ensure food safety as well as food security. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 288–294, 2019

Heavy Metal-induced Cuticular Alkane Changes of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Plantlets

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682-1686
Author(s):  
Radu Necula ◽  
Elvira Gille ◽  
Alin Constantin Dirtu ◽  
Ion Sandu ◽  
Vasile Robert Gradinaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Romanian Carpathians ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Chain Hydrocarbon

Heavy metal pollution of ecosystems is of great concern, due to the persistence of metals in ecosystem. In this regard, the mountainous pastures of Romanian Carpathians, especially those in the areas of abandoned mines, need particular attention. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of heavy metals and metalloids exposure on cuticular wax composition of tall fescue leaves (Festuca arundinacea). Therefore, we have particularly investigated the variations of long chain hydrocarbon fractions, which are acknowledged to act as a protection for plants especially in toxic environments. The exposure experiments were conducted in triplicates for arsenic and the following metal ions: Ba2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ and Pb2+. The 0.5 mM aqueous solutions of their corresponding salts were used as treatment solutions. Triplicate experiments were also performed for control samples using distilled water as exposure media. The plantlets were kept for growing in controlled environment for 15 days followed by n-hexane hydrocarbon fraction extraction from 0.5 g of sampled leaves. The obtained extracts were semi-quantitatively analyzed (identification followed by peak area measurement) through an optimized method based on gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. We focused on the measurement of several long chain n-alkanes with the following number of carbon atoms: C21-C31. Significant differences were obtained between results performed for Ba2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+, when compared to AsO43- and Cu2+, which may suggest multiple mechanisms through which the tested plants could develop and adapt when exposed to various chemicals characterized by different degrees of toxicity.

Mineral Nutrition of Developing Fruits of the Western Australian Christmas Tree, Nuytsia floribunda (Labill.) R. Br. ex Fenzl

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Hocking ◽  
J Kuo ◽  
JS Pate
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Storage Carbohydrate ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The mineral nutrition of developing fruits of the hemiparasite Nuytsia floribunda was studied in natural habitat near Perth, W.A. Nuytsia fruits were similar to those of other higher plants in their mineral nutrition. Changes in the contents of specific nutrients in fruits and their bracts were described. Accumulation of mineral elements in fruits and bracts was synchronized closely with the acquisition of dry matter. Bracts lost 45-75% of their nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, zinc and copper, 16-29% of their potassium, magnesium, iron and manganese, but less than 5% of their calcium and sodium during senescence. Mobilization from bracts was estimated to provide 0-35% of the fruit's accumulation of specific nutrients. Analysis of xylem sap showed that asparagine was the main solute for transport of nitrogen. Mature seedsconsisted mainly of a thick layer of endosperm surrounding the embryo and cotyledons. Seeds contained 31% oil, 35% protein, but no storage carbohydrate. Scanning X-ray microprobe analysis on thin sections of endosperm showed that phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, magnesium and iron were associated with protein bodies. Manganese was localized in certain iron-rich protein bodies.

scholarly journals Fungal Endophytes for Grass Based Bioremediation: An Endophytic Consortium Isolated from Agrostis stolonifera Stimulates the Growth of Festuca arundinacea in Lead Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Erika Soldi ◽  
Catelyn Casey ◽  
Brian R. Murphy ◽  
Trevor R. Hodkinson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Natural Flora ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Bioremediation is an ecologically-friendly approach for the restoration of heavy metal-contaminated sites and can exploit environmental microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms are capable of removing and/or deactivating pollutants from contaminated substrates through biological and chemical reactions. Moreover, they interact with the natural flora, protecting and stimulating plant growth in these harsh conditions. In this study, we isolated a group of endophytic fungi from Agrostis stolonifera grasses growing on toxic waste from an abandoned lead mine (up to 47,990 Pb mg/kg) and identified them using DNA sequencing (nrITS barcoding). The endophytes were then tested as a consortium of eight strains in a growth chamber experiment in association with the grass Festuca arundinacea at increasing concentrations of lead in the soil to investigate how they influenced several growth parameters. As a general trend, plants treated with endophytes performed better compared to the controls at each concentration of heavy metal, with significant improvements in growth recorded at the highest concentration of lead (800 galena mg/kg). Indeed, this set of plants germinated and tillered significantly earlier compared to the control, with greater production of foliar fresh and dry biomass. Compared with the control, endophyte treated plants germinated more than 1-day earlier and produced 35.91% more plant tillers at 35 days-after-sowing. Our results demonstrate the potential of these fungal endophytes used in a consortium for establishing grassy plant species on lead contaminated soils, which may result in practical applications for heavy metal bioremediation.

Arsenic and heavy metal accumulation byAthyrium yokoscensefrom contaminated soils

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Khanh Van ◽  
Yumei Kang ◽  
Takahiro Fukui ◽  
Katsutoshi Sakurai ◽  
Kōzō Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation

Biochar supplementation regulates growth and heavy metal accumulation in tomato grown in contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intikhab Alam ◽  
Mehboob Alam ◽  
Anwarzeb Khan ◽  
Saeed‐ul Haq ◽  
Aliya Ayaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation

Heavy metal accumulation in Lathyrus sativus growing in contaminated soils and identification of symbiotic resistant bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souhir Abdelkrim ◽  
Salwa Harzalli Jebara ◽  
Omar Saadani ◽  
Manel Chiboub ◽  
Ghassen Abid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Resistant Bacteria
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