scholarly journals Water Deficit Elicits a Transcriptional Response of Genes Governing d-pinitol Biosynthesis in Soybean (Glycine max)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Dumschott ◽  
Julie Dechorgnat ◽  
Andrew Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Transcript Expression ◽  
Sugar Alcohol ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Inositol 1

d-pinitol is the most commonly accumulated sugar alcohol in the Leguminosae family and has been observed to increase significantly in response to abiotic stress. While previous studies have identified genes involved in d-pinitol synthesis, no study has investigated transcript expression in planta. The present study quantified the expression of several genes involved in d-pinitol synthesis in different plant tissues and investigated the accumulation of d-pinitol, myo-inositol and other metabolites in response to a progressive soil drought in soybean (Glycine max). Expression of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (INPS), the gene responsible for the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to myo-inositol-1-phosphate, was significantly up regulated in response to a water deficit for the first two sampling weeks. Expression of myo-inositol O-methyl transferase (IMT1), the gene responsible for the conversion of myo-inositol into d-ononitol was only up regulated in stems at sampling week 3. Assessment of metabolites showed significant changes in their concentration in leaves and stems. d-Pinitol concentration was significantly higher in all organs sampled from water deficit plants for all three sampling weeks. In contrast, myo-inositol, had significantly lower concentrations in leaf samples despite up regulation of INPS suggesting the transcriptionally regulated flux of carbon through the myo-inositol pool is important during water deficit.

scholarly journals Reduction in the level of intracellular myo-inositol in cultured soybean (Glycine max) cells inhibits cell division

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Biffen ◽  
D E Hanke
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Intracellular Level ◽  
Soybean Callus ◽  
Inositol 1 ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Important Enzyme

Although myo-inositol is included in media for the successful growth of plant tissues, the actual requirement of most tissues, including soybean (Glycine max) callus in suspension culture, for myo-inositol has not been demonstrated. We have made use of deoxyglucose to reduce intracellular levels of myo-inositol. Deoxyglucose is phosphorylated to deoxyglucose 6-phosphate, which inhibits L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase, an important enzyme in the synthesis of myo-inositol. Addition of deoxyglucose to the medium resulted in a decrease in the intracellular level of myo-inositol that corresponded with a decrease in cell division. Cell viability was not affected. When myo-inositol was added to cells along with deoxyglucose, cell division was restored, as were intracellular levels of myo-inositol. Addition of myo-inositol had no affect on the uptake or metabolism of deoxyglucose. From these results we propose that myo-inositol has a role in maintaining cell division in soybean callus tissue in suspension culture.

scholarly journals Water Deficit Modulates the Response of Vitis vinifera to the Pierce's Disease Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Kyu Choi ◽  
Alberto Iandolino ◽  
Francisco Goes da Silva ◽  
Douglas R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Pierce's Disease ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Pierce’S Disease ◽  
Pathogen Colonization

Pierce's disease, caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, is one of the most devastating diseases of cultivated grape, currently restricted to the Americas. To test the long-standing hypothesis that Pierce's disease results from pathogen-induced drought stress, we used the Affymetrix Vitis GeneChip to compare the transcriptional response of Vitis vinifera to Xylella infection, water deficit, or a combination of the two stresses. The results reveal a redirection of gene transcription involving 822 genes with a minimum twofold change (P < 0.05), including the upregulation of transcripts for phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, pathogenesis-related proteins, abscisic acid- and jasmonic acid-responsive biosynthesis, and downregulation of transcripts related to photosynthesis, growth, and nutrition. Although the transcriptional response of plants to Xylella infection was largely distinct from the response of healthy plants to water stress, we find that 138 of the pathogen-induced genes exhibited a significantly stronger transcriptional response when plants were simultaneously exposed to infection and drought stress, suggesting a strong interaction between disease and water deficit. This interaction between drought stress and disease was mirrored in planta at the physiological level for aspects of water relations and photosynthesis and in terms of the severity of disease symptoms and the extent of pathogen colonization, providing a molecular correlate of the classical concept of the disease triangle in which environment impacts disease severity.

scholarly journals Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the promoter of γ-Tocopherol Methyl Transferase (γ-TMT) gene of soybean (Glycine max)

3 Biotech ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Tewari ◽  
Vaibhav Kumar ◽  
Amresh Kumar ◽  
Navita Bansal ◽  
T. Vinutha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Methyl Transferase

scholarly journals Bradyrhizobium elkanii rtxC Gene Is Required for Expression of Symbiotic Phenotypes in the Final Step of Rhizobitoxine Biosynthesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Okazaki ◽  
Masayuki Sugawara ◽  
Kiwamu Minamisawa
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Distinct Effect ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Elkanii

ABSTRACT We disrupted the rtxC gene on the chromosome of Bradyrhizobium elkanii USDA94 by insertion of a nonpolar aph cartridge. The rtxC mutant, designated ΔrtxC, produced serinol and dihydrorhizobitoxine but no rhizobitoxine, both in culture and in planta. The introduction of cosmids harboring the rtxC gene into the ΔrtxC mutant complemented rhizobitoxine production, suggesting that rtxC is involved in the final step of rhizobitoxine biosynthesis in B. elkanii USDA94. Glycine max cv. Lee inoculated with ΔrtxC or with a null mutant, Δrtx::Ω1, showed no foliar chlorosis, whereas the wild-type strain USDA94 caused severe foliar chlorosis. The two mutants showed significantly less nodulation competitiveness than the wild-type strain on Macroptilium atropurpureum. These results indicate that dihydrorhizobitoxine, the immediate precursor of the oxidative form of rhizobitoxine, has no distinct effect on nodulation phenotype in these legumes. Thus, desaturation of dihydrorhizobitoxine by rtxC-encoded protein is essential for the bacterium to show rhizobitoxine phenotypes in planta. In addition, complementation analysis of rtxC by cosmids differing in rtxC transcription levels suggested that rhizobitoxine production correlates with the amount of rtxC transcript.

scholarly journals Response of soybean (Glycine max) to molybdenum and iron spray under well-watered and water deficit conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Heidarzade ◽  
◽  
Mohammadali Esmaeili ◽  
Mohammadali Bahmanyar ◽  
Rahmat Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Deficit
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