scholarly journals Reduction in the level of intracellular myo-inositol in cultured soybean (Glycine max) cells inhibits cell division

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Biffen ◽  
D E Hanke
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Intracellular Level ◽  
Soybean Callus ◽  
Inositol 1 ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Important Enzyme

Although myo-inositol is included in media for the successful growth of plant tissues, the actual requirement of most tissues, including soybean (Glycine max) callus in suspension culture, for myo-inositol has not been demonstrated. We have made use of deoxyglucose to reduce intracellular levels of myo-inositol. Deoxyglucose is phosphorylated to deoxyglucose 6-phosphate, which inhibits L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase, an important enzyme in the synthesis of myo-inositol. Addition of deoxyglucose to the medium resulted in a decrease in the intracellular level of myo-inositol that corresponded with a decrease in cell division. Cell viability was not affected. When myo-inositol was added to cells along with deoxyglucose, cell division was restored, as were intracellular levels of myo-inositol. Addition of myo-inositol had no affect on the uptake or metabolism of deoxyglucose. From these results we propose that myo-inositol has a role in maintaining cell division in soybean callus tissue in suspension culture.

scholarly journals Water Deficit Elicits a Transcriptional Response of Genes Governing d-pinitol Biosynthesis in Soybean (Glycine max)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Dumschott ◽  
Julie Dechorgnat ◽  
Andrew Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Transcript Expression ◽  
Sugar Alcohol ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Inositol 1

d-pinitol is the most commonly accumulated sugar alcohol in the Leguminosae family and has been observed to increase significantly in response to abiotic stress. While previous studies have identified genes involved in d-pinitol synthesis, no study has investigated transcript expression in planta. The present study quantified the expression of several genes involved in d-pinitol synthesis in different plant tissues and investigated the accumulation of d-pinitol, myo-inositol and other metabolites in response to a progressive soil drought in soybean (Glycine max). Expression of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (INPS), the gene responsible for the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to myo-inositol-1-phosphate, was significantly up regulated in response to a water deficit for the first two sampling weeks. Expression of myo-inositol O-methyl transferase (IMT1), the gene responsible for the conversion of myo-inositol into d-ononitol was only up regulated in stems at sampling week 3. Assessment of metabolites showed significant changes in their concentration in leaves and stems. d-Pinitol concentration was significantly higher in all organs sampled from water deficit plants for all three sampling weeks. In contrast, myo-inositol, had significantly lower concentrations in leaf samples despite up regulation of INPS suggesting the transcriptionally regulated flux of carbon through the myo-inositol pool is important during water deficit.

Patterns of cell division, cell death and chondrogenesis in cultured aggregates of normal and talpid3 mutant chick limb mesenchyme cells

Development ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-260
Author(s):  
D. A. Ede ◽  
O. P. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Intercellular Matrix ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Special Pattern ◽  
Mesenchyme Cells ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Made In

Aggregates were prepared from dissociated mesenchyme cells obtained from normal and talpid mutant chick limb buds at stage 26 and were maintained for 4 days in culture. They were shown by autoradiographic techniques to consist initially of populations of unifoimly dedifferentiated cells within which chondrogenesis was initiated between 1 and 2 days, leading to the formation of areas of precartilage in the interior of the aggregates. Measurements of cell population density, cell death and cell division were made in precartilage and non-cartilage regions on sections prepared from normal and mutant aggregates fixed at 1-day intervals and were related to the pattern of chondrogenesis. Non-cartilage areas consisted of cells surrounding the precartilage areas and extended to the surface of the aggregate; these cells showed no special pattern or histochemical reaction. Precartilage areas consisted of one or more “;condensations”, comprising cells arranged in concentric rings around a central cell or group of cells, characterized by uptake of [35S]sulphate and taking up alcian blue stain in the intercellular matrix. Chondrogenesis was initiated al the condensation foci and spread centrifugally. Condensations were arranged in a simple pattern, roughly equidistantly from each other and never at the surface of the aggregate. The shape and arrangement of the cells comprising them suggested that they were formed by a process of aggregation towards the condensation foci. The relation of these observations to events in the intact limb bud developing in vivo is discussed.

Anatomy of Wild Garlic Bulbs During and Subsequent to After-Ripening

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Stritzke ◽  
E. J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
Shoot Primordia ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Wild Garlic

Microscopic examination of central and soft offset bulbs of wild garlic(Allium vinealeL.) at senescence of the parent plants in May and June revealed embryonic plants with numerous root primordia and four or five shoot primordia. Hardshell bulbs and aerial bulblets contained only one or two root primordia and three leaf primordia. The embryonic plants of central, soft offset, and hardshell bulbs elongated slowly during the after-ripening period. Rapid cell division, cell elongation, and initiation of new leaves took place after termination of the after-ripening period in all but the dormant hardshell bulbs. In November, new hardshell bulbs could be seen at the base of plants developed from central and soft offset bulbs.

scholarly journals In Vivo Analysis of Cell Division, Cell Growth, and Differentiation at the Shoot Apical Meristem in Arabidopsis

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Grandjean ◽  
Teva Vernoux ◽  
Patrick Laufs ◽  
Katia Belcram ◽  
Yuki Mizukami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
In Vivo Analysis ◽  
Division Cell

Could the extent of cell division, cell expansion and endoreduplication in a leaf be controlled by leaf expansion itself?

2009 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. S175
Author(s):  
Christine Granier ◽  
Sébastien Tisné ◽  
Catherine Massonnet ◽  
Juliette Fabre ◽  
Nathalie Wuyts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Division Cell

scholarly journals Transcription Regulation of ezrA and Its Effect on Cell Division of Bacillus subtilis

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (17) ◽  
pp. 5926-5932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuei-Min Chung ◽  
Hsin-Hsien Hsu ◽  
Suresh Govindan ◽  
Ban-Yang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Transcription ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Cell Length ◽  
Intracellular Level ◽  
Z Ring

ABSTRACT The EzrA protein of Bacillus subtilis is a negative regulator for FtsZ (Z)-ring formation. It is able to modulate the frequency and position of Z-ring formation during cell division. The loss of this protein results in cells with multiple Z rings located at polar as well as medial sites; it also lowers the critical concentration of FtsZ required for ring formation (P. A. Levin, I. G. Kurster, and A. D. Grossman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:9642-9647, 1999). We have studied the regulation of ezrA expression during the growth of B. subtilis and its effects on the intracellular level of EzrA as well as the cell length of B. subtilis. With the aid of promoter probing, primer extension, in vitro transcription, and Western blotting analyses, two overlapping σA-type promoters, P1 and P2, located about 100 bp upstream of the initiation codon of ezrA, have been identified. P1, supposed to be an extended −10 promoter, was responsible for most of the ezrA expression during the growth of B. subtilis. Disruption of this promoter reduced the intracellular level of EzrA very significantly compared with disruption of P2. Moreover, deletion of both promoters completely abolished EzrA in B. subtilis. More importantly, the cell length and percentage of filamentous cells of B. subtilis were significantly increased by disruption of the promoter(s). Thus, EzrA is required for efficient cell division during the growth of B. subtilis, despite serving as a negative regulator for Z-ring formation.

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