scholarly journals The Upshot on Princess Merida in Disney/Pixar’s Brave: Why the Tomboy Trajectory Is Off Target

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Lauren Dundes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Gender And Power

Princess Merida, the “tomboy” princess in Disney/Pixar’s Brave, won praise for escaping the strictures of femininity and maternal demands for feminine propriety. In addition to her overt defiance of gender roles and demand for agency, Merida also enacts hegemonic masculinity by mocking her suitors during an archery contest in which she is the prize. The ridicule is the prelude to her dramatic, winning bullseye that feminizes the men, in a scene rich in symbolism about gender and power. In enacting the final phase of the tomboy paradigm, however, Merida reverses her trajectory as her rebellion against femininity ebbs. She then resolves conflict by displaying vulnerability rather than performing brave deeds. This marked shift to a more traditional gender role raises questions about her stature as a model of autonomy able to withstand the pressure to conform.

Gender role beliefs and fathers’ work-family conflict

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Hergatt Huffman ◽  
Kristine J. Olson ◽  
Thomas C. O’Gara Jr ◽  
Eden B. King
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Work Family

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the part that gender roles play in fathers’ work-family experiences. The authors compared two models (gender role as a correlate and as a moderator) and hypothesized that gender role beliefs play an important factor related to fathers’ experiences of work-family conflict. Design/methodology/approach – Participants completed an online survey that consisted of questions related to work and family experiences. The final sample consisted of 264 employed, married fathers. Findings – Results showed a relationship between traditional gender role beliefs and number of hours spent at work and at home. Additionally, number of work hours was related to time-based work-to-family conflict, but not strain-based work-to-family conflict. The results supported the expectation that work hours mediate the relationship between a father's traditional gender role beliefs and time-based work-to-family conflict. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of this study include the use cross-sectional and self-report data. Future research might want to expand the theoretical model to be more inclusive of fathers of more diverse demographic backgrounds, and assess the model with a longitudinal design. Practical implications – A key theoretical implication gleaned from the study is that work-family researchers should include the socially constructed variable of gender roles in their work-family research. Findings provide support for the contention that organizations need to ensure that mothers’ and fathers’ unique needs are being met through family-friendly programs. The authors provide suggestions for specific workplace strategies. Originality/value – This is one of the first studies that focussed on fathers’ experiences of the work-family interface. The results clarify that traditional gender role beliefs give rise to fathers’ gendered behaviors and ultimately work-family conflict.

scholarly journals Exploration of Gender Role in Bisheswar Prasad Koirala's Tinghumti

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Asmita Bista
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gender Theory ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

Bisheshwar Prasad Koirala’s novel Tinghumti is always tempting for the reader as it still reflects the relevant picture of Nepali society. In this novel the characters defy as well as define the gender roles. Influenced with revolutionary thought they defy the prescribed gender roles; but chained in age old thought they, time and again, define the traditional gender role. This article aims to identify the reasons that drive these characters to defy and define the traditional gender roles. For that Judith Butler’s and Connell’s idea of gender theory has been used. The significance of this study is to contribute a different perspective for the reader to see the novel Tinghumti showing that traditional gender roles are meddled and confirmed in it. The study concludes that in the novel, the characters defy as well as define the socially prescribed gender role because gender is socio-political construction that achieves legitimacy and naturality via perpetual observation and repetition.

scholarly journals Ideología del rol de género, espiritualidad y religiosidad en contextos militares

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Hugo Simkin ◽  
Gisela Matrángolo ◽  
Susana Azzollini
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Military Experience ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Gender Role Ideology ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Way

Distintos autores observan que las concepciones en relación al género en contextos militares son reforzadas por los vínculos entre las Fuerzas Armadas y las instituciones religiosas, caracterizadas tradicionalmente por la promoción de roles de género más conservadores. Sin embargo, mientras que el apego a los roles tradicionales suele asociarse positivamente con la religiosidad, su relación con la espiritualidad permanece relativamente inexplorada. Por este motivo, el presente estudio se propuso identificar si existen relaciones entre la espiritualidad, la religiosidad y la ideología del rol de género en una muestra de 102 participantes de ambos géneros con experiencia militar. Se emplearon las escalas ASPIRES e IRG para la evaluación de los constructos de interés. Los resultados sugieren que mientras que la religiosidad se encuentra asociada positivamente a creencias vinculadas a una ideología del rol de género más conservadora, la espiritualidad no se encuentra relacionada en absoluto. Las implicancias del estudio aportan al esclarecimiento del modo en que se relacionan estas variables en contextos militares y religiosos, así como a la discriminación de la espiritualidad y de la religiosidad como constructos diferentes.AbstractDifferent authors observe that the conceptions in relation to gender in military contexts are reinforced by the links between the Armed Forces and religious institutions, traditionally characterized by the promotion of more conservative gender roles. However, while higher attachment to traditional values seems to be associated with religion, it´s relationship with spirituality remains unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to explore the relationships between spirituality, religiosity and gender role ideology in a sample of 102 participants of both genders with military experience. The ASPIRES and IRG scales were used for the evaluation of the constructs of interest. The results show that while religiosity is found to be positively related to beliefs linked to a traditional gender role ideology, spirituality is not related to it at all. The findings of the study contribute to the clarification of the way in which these variables are related to each other in religious and military contexts, as well as to the discrimination of spirituality and religiosity as different constructs.

scholarly journals Maskulinitas dan Pandemi COVID-19: Studi Kasus Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Dias Pabyantara Swandita Mahayasa ◽  
Anggi Koenjaini Putri
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
High Infection

This research aims to elaborate on the question of why male patientsof COVID-19 dominating globally (data are taken per 24 June 2020).Depart from the hegemonic masculinity concept, the argument proposedin this writing is that traditional gender role which positioned men asbreadwinner is one of the vital factors to the high infection among men.Men who are supposed to work outside their house is arguably morevulnerable to the virus. The argument is extracted from both Pakistanexperience against COVID-19. According to UN Women, this country oftop the list of countries who has the highest disparity among male andfemale patient, reaching more than 70 percent of male and 30 percent forthe female. The statistic goes hand in hand with the notion of traditionalgender roles rooted deep within the community.

scholarly journals Loosening the GRIP (Gender Roles Inhibiting Prosociality) to Promote Gender Equality

2020 ◽  
pp. 108886832096461
Author(s):  
Alyssa Croft ◽  
Ciara Atkinson ◽  
Gillian Sandstrom ◽  
Sheina Orbell ◽  
Lara Aknin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Gender Status ◽  
Gender Role Stereotyping ◽  
Promote Gender Equality

Prosociality is an ideal context to begin shifting traditional gender role stereotypes and promoting equality. Men and women both help others frequently, but assistance often follows traditional gender role expectations, which further reinforces restrictive gender stereotypes in other domains. We propose an integrative process model of gender roles inhibiting prosociality (GRIP) to explain why and how this occurs. We argue that prosociality provides a unique entry point for change because it is (a) immediately rewarding (which cultivates positive attitude formation), (b) less likely to threaten the gender status hierarchy, and therefore less susceptible to social backlash (which translates into less restrictive social norms), and (c) a skill that can be learned (which leads to stronger beliefs in one’s own ability to help). Using the GRIP model, we derive a series of hypothesized interventions to interrupt the self-reinforcing cycle of gender role stereotyping and facilitate progress toward broader gender equality.

scholarly journals A Depiction of Gender Role in the Movie of Incredibles 2 (2018)

CALL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raihan Nurul Fahira ◽  
Ririn Kurnia Trisnawati ◽  
Muhammad Taufiqurrohman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Woman

The research aims to figure out the gender roles which are used to look at how the film constructs and upholds gender roles. The qualitative method is used to analyze the data in which the primary data are taken from Brad Bird’s Incredibles 2 (2018). Additionally, the researcher used gender roles and cinematography theory to look at how gender is a performance and also to gain a result that gender roles are changing overtimes. The use of Judith Butler’s theory of performativity is to show that the portrayal of gender roles in the movie is slightly different from social construction. Butler’s notion of performativity refers to an act of performance that an individual is doing repeatedly as described in Incredibles 2 (2018) where Bob and Helen do the gender role reversal and share the same responsibilities in the family. Bob is previously shown as the breadwinner of the family and the main earner while Helen is a full-time stay-at-home mother who takes care of the children and the house. Since they no longer hold the traditional gender role; therefore, the movie demonstrates how they start to swap gender assigned tasks. Accordingly, the gender roles are showcased as Bob is being the househusband and the caretaker of the family while Helen is a working woman.

Judgments of Sexism: A Comparison of the Subtlety of Sexism Measures and Sources of Variability in Judgments of Sexism

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet K. Swim ◽  
Robyn Mallett ◽  
Yvonne Russo-Devosa ◽  
Charles Stangor
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Attention ◽  
Scale Usage ◽  
Sexist Beliefs ◽  
Role Behaviors

We compared the subtlety of four measures of sexism and sources of variation in male and female psychology students' judgments that beliefs from these scales and everyday behaviors were sexist. Participants judged traditional gender role and hostile sexist beliefs as more sexist than benevolent and modern sexist beliefs, indicating the latter were more subtle measures of sexism. Participants also judged traditional gender role behaviors as more sexist than unwanted sexual attention, suggesting the latter may less readily be identified as sexist. Variation in judgments of beliefs as sexist was related to differences in likelihood of endorsing such beliefs. This relation fully accounted for the tendency for men to be less likely to judge beliefs as sexist in comparison to women. Endorsement of Modern and Hostile Sexist beliefs was related to judgments of behaviors as sexist. The implications of the results for scale usage and identifying sexist behavior are discussed.

scholarly journals Mahesh Dattani’s Dance Like a Man: A Depiction of the Trials and Tribulations of an Androgynous Personality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhavi ◽  
◽  
Rajiv Bhushan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Indian Family ◽  
Cultural Domain ◽  
Conventional Practice ◽  
Indian Theatre

Abstract Mahesh Dattani is one of the leading Indian dramatists who responded to the problems of sexuality on the canvass of Indian theatre. He examined various facets of subjugation and marginalization rampant in Indian society. His plays focus on the sub-urban Hindu family and its trifle with gender and alternate sexuality. His plots revolve around the damaging implications of patriarchal constructs and his characters strive for liberty and self-satisfaction beneath hegemonic masculinity, compulsive heteronormativity and prejudiced cultural domain. Regarding his famous play Dance Like a Man, this paper critically examines the existing socio-cultural domain which practices politics of exclusion of androgynous identities behind the façade of peacefully cohabiting heterosexual Indian family and shows how Dattani, has remarkably countered the presentation of the polarized association of gender roles with conventional practice through performance of his protagonist. Set against the backdrop of patriarchal mindset, this paper delineates that the victim of patriarchal norms is not a woman but a man, who has traits of androgyny. It gives a brief account to highlight the significance of androgyny and portrays how androgyny is directly proportional to creativity. It elucidates how androgynous men undergo searing experiences of stigma and social untouchability in a traditional setup and how patriarchal norms reinforce dominant powers of society to stunt the growth of their personality.

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