scholarly journals Effects of Small-Scale Dead Wood Additions on Beetles in Southeastern U.S. Pine Forests

Forests ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kier D. Klepzig ◽  
Michael L. Ferro ◽  
Michael D. Ulyshen ◽  
Matthew L. Gimmel ◽  
Jolie B. Mahfouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Rocky pine forests in the High Coast Region in Sweden: structure, dynamics and history

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 101-130
Author(s):  
Jennie Sandström ◽  
Mattias Edman ◽  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
Almost All ◽  
High Degree

Almost all forests in Sweden are managed and only a small fraction are considered natural. One exception is low productive forests where, due to their limited economical value, natural dynamics still dominate. One example is the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests occurring on rocky and nutrient-poor hilltops. Although these forests represent a regionally common forest type with a high degree of naturalness, their dynamics, structure and history are poorly known. We investigated the structure, human impact and fire history in eight rocky pine forests in the High Coast Area in eastern Sweden, initially identified as good representatives of this forest type. This was done by sampling and measuring tree sizes, -ages, fire-scarred trees, as well as dead wood volumes and quality along three transects at each site. The structure was diverse with a sparse layer of trees (basal area 9 m2 and 640 trees larger than 10 cm ha-1) in various sizes and ages; 13 trees ha-1 were more than 300 years old. Dead wood (DW), snags and logs in all stages of decay, was present and although the actual DW (pine) volume (4.4 m3 ha-1) and number of units (53 ha-1) was low, the DW share of total wood volume was 18% on average. Dead wood can be present for several centuries after death; we found examples of both snags and logs that had been dead more than 300 years. Frequent fires have occurred, with an average cycle of 40 years between fires. Most fires occurred between 1500-1900 and many of them (13) during the 1600s. However, fires were probably small since most fire years were only represented at one site and often only in one or a few samples. The rocky pine forests in the High Coast Area are representative of undisturbed forests with low human impact, exhibiting old-growth characteristics and are valuable habitats for organisms connected to sun-exposed DW. Management of protected rocky pine forests may well include small-scale restoration fires and the limited DW volumes should be protected.

Inonotus tomentosus and the dynamics of unmanaged and partial-cut wet sub-boreal spruce–fir forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2663-2676 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. (Ted) Newbery ◽  
Kathy J. Lewis ◽  
Michael B. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Live Tree

For wet sub-boreal spruce–fir forests (white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) × Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) – subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.)) in east-central British Columbia, we asked (i) do compositional and structural dynamics differ for unmanaged (UN) and partial-cut (PC) (50% removal 45 years before measurement) forests and (ii) how does Inonotus tomentosus Fr. (Teng) affect these dynamics? Inonotus tomentosus infected stands had 17% less spruce basal area (P = 0.059) than uninfected stands, but PC did not exacerbate I. tomentosus effects. PC and UN had similar live tree density, but UN had lower dead tree density. In all stands, snag longevity was typically <32 years, and ~40 years was required for dead wood to reach decay stage 3 or greater. UN was characterized by variable severity disturbances averaging ~8% of the canopy per decade. Management implications include the following: (i) harvest systems designed to emulate small-scale disturbance could remove trees at 8% of the canopy per decade, varied spatiotemporally, (ii) emulating dead wood abundance with partial cutting may be difficult given the impacts of partial cutting on dead wood abundance, and (iii) forests with moderate levels of I. tomentosus should not respond differently to harvesting than uninfected forests and thus require no special management.

scholarly journals Myrmecophilus fuscus Stalling, 2013: new for the fauna of Croatia (Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
Thomas Stalling ◽  
◽  
Anton Gjeldum ◽  
Tino Milat ◽  
Marko Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Ant Nests

The occurrence of the ant cricket Myrmecophilus fuscus Stalling, 2013 in Croatia is reported in this study. The first evidence of M. fuscus from Croatia comes from Solin, Split-Dalmatia region. Both adults and nymphs of this species were found in ant nests of Crematogaster scutellaris (Olivier, 1791) in dead wood of pine forests. The identification of M. fuscus is discussed and photographs of this species are presented.

Small-scale positive response of terrestrial gastropods to dead-wood addition is mediated by canopy openness

2017 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kirchenbaur ◽  
Thomas Fartmann ◽  
Claus Bässler ◽  
Franz Löffler ◽  
Jörg Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Terrestrial Gastropods

scholarly journals Hypocenomyce anthracophila (Nyl.) P. James et Scheider (Ascomycetes lichenisati) in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Tobolewski ◽  
Satanisław Cieśeliński
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Primeval Forest ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Białowieża Primeval Forest

<i>Hypocenomyce anthracophila</i> belongs to very rare lichens in Poland. It was so far known onry from one historical site. Recently (1982-1987) a number of further sites with this lichen have been found in north eastern Poland, and in West Pomerania (Pomorze) (Fig. 1). It mainly grows on pines, exceptionally on birches and dead wood, in well preserved pine forests of large forest complexes (Białowieża Primeval Forest, Augustów forest complex, Zielona Puszcza, Kurpiowska Puszcza and Piska Puszcza forest complexes).

scholarly journals Effects of Forest Structure On Dendroctonus Valens Damage Under Natural and Human Disturbances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyi Zhan ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Linfeng Yu ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Youqing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Beetle Damage

Abstract Background In recent years, the red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens, RTB), an invasive pest species has spread northward along the distribution of pine forests, forming a potential threat to healthy pine forests in North China. Previous studies have shown that natural (e.g., fire) and human (e.g., felling) disturbances can significantly promote bark beetle damage. However, few studies have considered the effect of forest landscape structure on bark beetle damage under disturbance conditions. Here we used generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models to explore the effects of multi-scale factors on RTB damage under different disturbance conditions (presence or absence) in 109 forest stands in the Heilihe National Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia. Result Disturbance (i.e., fire and stolen felling) could significantly promote the occurrence of RTB. In the absence of disturbance, small-scale stand factors (i.e., aspect and canopy density) played important roles in the prediction of RTB damage. In the presence of disturbance, forest landscape structure (i.e., forest isolation) was the main factor affecting RTB invasion. Conclusion In the presence of disturbance, the forest structure played an important role in the process of the diffusion of RTB from the surrounding habitat to the disturbance. This study, which emphasizes the potential importance of forest landscape structure on RTB spread, not only provides new insights into understanding the roles of large-scale factors but also assists in the implementation of pest management programs.

Climatic gradients within temperate Europe and small-scale species composition of lichen-rich dry acidophilous Scots pine forests

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alica Košuthová ◽  
Ivana Svitková ◽  
Ivan Pišút ◽  
Dušan Senko ◽  
Milan Valachovič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scots Pine Forests ◽  
Temperate Europe
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