scholarly journals Fragmentation and Coordination of REDD+ Finance under the Paris Agreement Regime

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1452
Author(s):  
Dong-hwan Kim ◽  
Do-hun Kim ◽  
Hyun Seok Kim ◽  
Raehyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Major Donors

Under the Kyoto Protocol regime, various forms of financial support have been committed to helping the implementation of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as fostering conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+) in developing countries. We analyzed the fragmentation of REDD+ finance and suggested methods for its coordination under the Paris Agreement regime. The fragmentation of REDD+ finance was observed, but it was lower than that of general official development assistance (ODA). However, we found that the trend of fragmentation in REDD+ financing is different from that of general ODA, with a few major donors occupying a large portion of the total size of committed REDD+ finance. Thus, it may not be appropriate to consider the fragmentation of REDD+ finance merely as an obstacle that needs to be decreased. Still, the total amount of REDD+ finance should be increased and adjusted for various donor–recipient relationships, in consideration of the REDD+ finance options in the Paris Agreement. Some REDD+ countries have made progress in national REDD+ and accomplished emission reductions. However, REDD+ finance needs to be stratified considering the progress of national REDD+. For such forms of cooperation, an information-sharing and monitoring system that collects information on ongoing REDD+ cooperation, the commitment and expenditure of REDD+ finance, and the support needs of REDD+ countries at a global level should be established. Multilateral organizations need to provide safeguarding functions for developing countries that are isolated from bilateral REDD+ finance.

Klimaschutz durch Walderhalt am Beispiel des REDD+-Mechanismus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Forest Carbon

Landnutzungsänderungen, v.a. die Abholzung der natürlichen Wälder beispielsweise zur Landwirtschaftsentwicklung oder zur Waldbewirtschaftung, haben einen großen Anteil an den klimaschädlichen anthropogenen Aktivitäten. Daher kann der Waldschutz einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leisten. Ein Instrument hierfür ist der REDD+-Mechanismus. REDD+ steht für “Reducing of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries”. Unter dem REDD+-Mechanismus sollen Industrieländer sowie andere Geber aus den industrialisierten Staaten durch verschiedene Finanzierungformen Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländer dafür kompensieren, dass sie ihre Wälder schützen und damit Emissionen aus Entwaldung und Walddegradierung vermeiden. In diesem Werk entwickelt die Autorin ein Anforderungsprofil für die Umsetzung von REDD+ unter Beachtung der Eigentums-, Besitz- und Nutzungsrechte an Land, den Erhalt der biologischen Vielfalt und die Gewährleistung der Rechte der indigenen Völker, die oftmals in diesen Wäldern leben. Die Untersuchung fokussiert insbesondere auf Peru und analysiert, inwieweit der Rechtsrahmen für die Implementierung von REDD+ vorbereitet ist.

scholarly journals Centralization of the Global REDD+ Financial Network and Implications under the New Climate Regime

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-hun Kim ◽  
Dong-hwan Kim ◽  
Dong-Ho Lee ◽  
Sunjoo Park ◽  
Seong-il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Financial Network ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Donor Numbers ◽  
Major Donors

With the institutionalization of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+), the global REDD+ financial network has been formed to support the implementation of REDD+ in developing countries. Although the rapid expansion of the network made it decentralized, it is still a highly centralized network in terms of the distribution of financial resources, revolving around only a few major actors. While the source of financing was diversified due to an increase in influential donors, the majority of financing still came from a few constant major donors, and a few constant major developing countries received most of the financial support. Although increases in donor numbers and the amount of finance received can provide more chances to support developing countries, it may cause inefficiency due to overlaps and duplications. Also, over-centralization of financial resources can be ineffective in terms of achieving maximum greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction, and can broaden gaps between developing countries’ ability to cope with climate change and deforestation. Lack of coordination among donors and the differing capacity of developing countries may have caused centralization of financial resources in the global REDD+ financial network. To minimize this problem, a comprehensive monitoring system and platforms for information sharing are needed.

scholarly journals Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) in Nepal: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Gauli ◽  
Suraj Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Forest Resource ◽  
Redd Plus ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Available Information

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) in developing countries is a mechanism that allows industrialized countries to offset their emissions by purchasing carbon credits from developing countries, which reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation by avoiding such activities. The Government of Nepal is committed to REDD through reversing deforestation and forest degradation, conservation of existing forest and enhancing forest carbon stocks, while addressing livelihoods concerns at the same time since 2009 and now it has been flourished in the country along with concept of sustainable development of the forest resource of country. Nepal has undergone different stages during this process and has planned certain strategy for the future. The assemblages of the available information on REDD in Nepal is important to over view its holistic prospect, aspect and potentiality in the least developing country like Nepal which holds the greater possibility to be benefited from the REDD. Nepal is now in the process to prepare national REDD strategy by 2013 and there are different On Going REDD -Plus Piloting Initiatives in Nepal. Nepal has greater potentiality of being benefited from REDD though some policy related to it needed to be redefined and clarify. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10257  The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 75-83

mrv of Emissions and Mitigation Action: the Paris Agreement and Financial Support for Transparency-Related Capacity Building in Developing Countries

Climate Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 308-334
Author(s):  
Chrysa Alexandraki
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Climate Finance ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Mitigation Action ◽  
Financial Contributions

Abstract This article examines the role of the Paris Agreement in enabling developed-country financial contributions aimed at building transparency-related capacity in developing countries. It first analyses the legal means and institutional arrangements utilized by the Agreement to support developing countries in building transparency-related capacity. It then argues that even though the Agreement adopts certain legal and institutional means to foster transparency-related capacity building in developing countries through financial support, it does so in a way that risks undermining the meaningful and accountable use of climate finance, while softening the bindingness of the Agreement’s provisions. The lack of accountability obligations on climate finance for developing countries, the principle of flexibility, and the challenges intrinsic to climate finance, combine to weaken the climate-finance obligation, while calling into question the effectiveness of the Agreement.

scholarly journals Toward REDD+ Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danae Maniatis ◽  
Joel Scriven ◽  
Inge Jonckheere ◽  
Jennifer Laughlin ◽  
Kimberly Todd
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
National Framework

After several years of REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries) readiness, countries are starting to move toward REDD+ implementation and accessing results-based payments (RBPs). Currently various parallel processes for accessing RBPs exist, including project and jurisdictional—approaches that often operate under a nascent national framework. This review is structured around the key considerations for countries to implement REDD+ and access RBPs. It offers a discussion focusing on three areas that are crucial for the success of REDD+: ( a) REDD+ in the context of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ( b) the role of the private sector in achieving emissions reductions, and ( c) access to RBPs for REDD+. We present some key considerations for future issues and possible successes of REDD+ implementation.

scholarly journals The Performance of REDD+: From Global Governance to Local Practices

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas Arts ◽  
Verina Ingram ◽  
Maria Brockhaus
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Whilst ‘REDD’ is the acronym for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, ‘REDD+’ refers to efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, foster conservation, promote the sustainable management of forests, and enhance forest carbon stocks [...]

Supporting Small and Medium Enterpries to Access Technological Innovation State Fund: International Experience and Lessons for Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Vu Thanh ◽  
Thu Anh Nguyen ◽  
Mai Thi Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
State Fund

Technological innovation state funds supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are not common in the developing countries like Vietnam, but are common in the developed nations like the European countries and Korea. The financial and non-financial support of these funds has contributed significantly to the development of many SMEs. Learning from the funds which have successfully facilitated SMEs in innovating and developing advanced technologies is meaningful to the Vietnamese sicence and techonology management bodies and state funds. This article will review the experience of some typical fund in supporting SMEs, thereby providing some lessons for technology innovation Funds of Vietnam to create a more favorable environment for SMEs to access funds.

The Paris Agreement—China’s Kind of (International) Order?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Krahl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
World Order ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Emerging Powers ◽  
International Status

The Paris Agreement has turned traditional approaches to global governance upside down, using a bottom-up approach that made it possible for emerging powers like China to agree to binding emissions targets to contain climate change. It thus marks a further step away from the old order centered on Western power, and at the same time it fits well into Chinese attempts to create a post-American order that rests on great power diplomacy within a multilateral framework of cooperation that privileges developing countries. The Paris Agreement allows China to leverage the internal fight against pollution and the restructuring and upgrading of its economy for international status. That the agreement has so far survived President Trump’s announcement of America’s departure suggests that it could yet serve as a blueprint for other, future arrangements for world order that would be able to integrate a risen China.

scholarly journals Enhancing REDD+ Outcomes through Improved Governance of Community Forest Groups

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Hari Poudyal ◽  
Govinda Paudel ◽  
Harisharan Luintel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
External Intervention ◽  
Forest User

Since forests are both source and sink of carbon, scholars have suggested reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, including conservation and sustainable management of forest and enhancement of forest carbon stock (REDD+) to be part of climate negotiation. Studies have shown that forests can play a role in reducing emissions in a cheaper, quicker and effective way, while generating important co-benefits, including biodiversity conservation and watershed management. However, governance that shapes relations between different stakeholders at grassroots level has been shown to be a crucial issue in managing local forests in a way that sequester more carbon from, and emit less of it to, the atmosphere. The authors of this paper argue that the lessons gained at community forest user group (CFUG) level regarding forest governance could be useful in designing a REDD+ governance structure at grassroots level. For this, both positive lessons and challenges faced so far could be documented, analyzed, synthesized and shared at broader level. REDD+, being an external intervention to local communities, can bring a range of challenges that influence the governance dynamics. However, if the programme is managed carefully, CFUGs are capacitated adequately and governed collaboratively, REDD+ may bring synergistic outcomes with existing community forestry at grassroots level, particularly by bringing both environmental and livelihood benefits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v11i2.8618 Journal of Forestry and Livelihood Vol.11(2) 2013 14-26

scholarly journals Indonesian Policy in Ratifying The 2015 Paris Agreement

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Haekal - Siraj
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The World

 The 2015 Paris Agreement requires all participating countries to reduce emisson level. Indonesia as Non-Annex I accepted the norms of the 2015 Paris Agreement by ratifying this agreement. Meanwhile, Indonesia's emissions level continues to increase due to the rate of deforestation and forest degradation in Indonesia which ranks highest in the world. This study aims to analyze Indonesian policy in ratifying the agreement by using the Constructivism Perspective in explaining the International Regime and the Concept of Norm Influence by Finnemore and Sikkink. The study uses qualitative methods with explanatory designs. Data collection techniques are sourced from secondary sources as well as data analysis techniques carried out by reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions as well as verification. This study found that the United States as a hegemonic state acting as the norm entrepreneurs by granting climate change financial assistance of $500 million through the GCF for Indonesia as a developing country was a condition affecting Indonesia in ratifying the agreement. Keywords: Indonesia, ratify, 2015 Paris Agreement, norm, climate change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document