scholarly journals Increasing the Biogas Potential of Rapeseed Straw Using Pulsed Electric Field Pre-Treatment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8307
Author(s):  
Dawid Szwarc ◽  
Katarzyna Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Rapeseed Straw ◽  
Pre Treatment

Due to the high availability of lignocellulosic biomass, which can be obtained from terrestrial plants, agricultural waste biomass, and the agro-food, paper or wood industries, its use for energy production by methane fermentation is economically and environmentally justified. However, due to their complex structures, lignocellulosic substrates have a low conversion factor to biogas. Therefore, scientists are still working on the development of new methods of the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials that will increase the biogas productivity from lignocellulosic biomass. The presented research focuses on the use of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to disintegrate rapeseed straw prior to the methane fermentation process. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that, in the disintegrated sample, the extent of damage to the plant tissue was more severe than in the control sample. In the sample disintegrated for 7 min, the chemical oxygen demand increased from 4146 ± 75 mg/L to 4920 ± 60 mg/L. The best result was achieved with a 5-min PEF pre-treatment. The methane production reached 290.8 ± 12.1 NmL CH4/g VS, and the biogas production was 478.0 ± 27.5 NmL/g VS; it was 14% and 15% higher, respectively, compared to the control sample.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pulsed Electric Field on the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Beetroot

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Nowacka ◽  
Silvia Tappi ◽  
Artur Wiktor ◽  
Katarzyna Rybak ◽  
Agnieszka Miszczykowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Beetroot is a root vegetable rich in different bioactive components, such as vitamins, minerals, phenolics, carotenoids, nitrate, ascorbic acids, and betalains, that can have a positive effect on human health. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the pulsed electric field (PEF) at different electric field strengths (4.38 and 6.25 kV/cm), pulse number 10–30, and energy input 0–12.5 kJ/kg as a pretreatment method on the extraction of betalains from beetroot. The obtained results showed that the application of PEF pre-treatment significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the efficiency of extraction of bioactive compounds from beetroot. The highest increase in the content of betalain compounds in the red beet’s extract (betanin by 329%, vulgaxanthin by 244%, compared to the control sample), was noted for 20 pulses of electric field at 4.38 kV/cm of strength. Treatment of the plant material with a PEF also resulted in an increase in the electrical conductivity compared to the non-treated sample due to the increase in cell membrane permeability, which was associated with leakage of substances able to conduct electricity, including mineral salts, into the intercellular space.

scholarly journals Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Enhances Iron Uptake by the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Karolina Nowosad ◽  
Monika Sujka ◽  
Urszula Pankiewicz ◽  
Damijan Miklavčič ◽  
Marta Arczewska
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Metal Ion Binding ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of a pulsed electric field (PEF) on the level of iron ion accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and to select PEF conditions optimal for the highest uptake of this element. Iron ions were accumulated most efficiently when their source was iron (III) nitrate. When the following conditions of PEF treatment were used: voltage 1500 V, pulse width 10 μs, treatment time 20 min, and a number of pulses 1200, accumulation of iron ions in the cells from a 20 h-culture reached a maximum value of 48.01 mg/g dry mass. Application of the optimal PEF conditions thus increased iron accumulation in cells by 157% as compared to the sample enriched with iron without PEF. The second derivative of the FTIR spectra of iron-loaded and -unloaded yeast cells allowed us to determine the functional groups which may be involved in metal ion binding. The exposure of cells to PEF treatment only slightly influenced the biomass and cell viability. However, iron-enriched yeast (both with or without PEF) showed lower fermentative activity than a control sample. Thus obtained yeast biomass containing a high amount of incorporated iron may serve as an alternative to pharmacological supplementation in the state of iron deficiency.

scholarly journals The effect of A. Fumigatus SK1 and trichoderma sp. on the biogas production from cow manure

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfah Zulkifli ◽  
Nazaitulshila Rasit ◽  
Noor Azrimi Umor ◽  
Shahrul Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Lignin Removal ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Pre Treatment

Lignocellulosic material consists of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Converting lignocellulosic biomass such as cow manure (CM) into value-added products provides a potential alternative. Hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose is a limiting step during Anaerobic Digestion (AD) of lignocellulosic biomass. Lignin in lignocellulosic biomass is the barrier for hydrolysis, thus limits the biogas production. In this study, the effect of A.Fumigatus SK1 and Trichoderma sp. on enzymatic pre-treatment of CM was investigated with respect to the biogas production. Three set of anaerobic digestion assays were carried out, with a working volume of 500 mL at 35 ± 2°C and 120 rpm. The first set of fermentation contained untreated CM. The second set of fermentation involved addition of A.Fumigatus SK1, and the last set contained Trichoderma sp. Several analysis were conducted to determine the biomethane potential (BMP), anaerobic biodegradability, reducing sugars concentration and lignin removal of CM before and after pre-treatment. Result showed that, among both evaluated pre-treatment methods, CM treated with Trichoderma sp. gave the highest methane potential with 0.023 LCH4-STP g VS-1 compared to CM treated with A.Fumigatus SK1(0.011 LCH4-STP g VS-1). A good correlation have been found in this study between lignin removal and reducing sugar produced where, the total lignin removal after treated with Trichoderma sp. was 60% followed by 43% after treated with A.Fumigatus SK1.The reducing sugar produced after pre-treated with Trichoderma sp. and A.Fumigatus SK1 was about 9.59 and 4.91 μmol glucose, respectively. These results collectively suggested that CM treated with Trichoderma sp. could be a better pre-treatment method for the higher methane production in anaerobic mono-digestion process.

Field test of methane fermentation system for treating swine wastes

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kataoka ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
K. Ishida ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
N. Kurata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Screw Press ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation System ◽  
Ignition Loss ◽  
Pre Treatment

A methane fermentation system for treating swine wastes was developed and successfully demonstrated in a field test plant (0.5 m3/d). The system was composed of a screw-press dehydrator, a methanogenic digester, a sludge separator, an oxidation ditch (OD) and composting equipment. A performance evaluation was carried out regarding physical pre-treatment using the screw-press dehydrator, methane fermentation for pre-treated slurry, and post-treatment for digested effluent by OD. Total solids (TS) and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) removal by the screw-press pre-treatment were 38% and 22%, respectively. Properties of the screenings were as follows: water content 57%, ignition loss 93%, specific gravity 0.33. The pretreated strong slurry was digested under mesophilic conditions. Digestion gas (biogas) production rate was 25 m3/m3-slurry (NTP) and methane content of the biogas was 67%. CODCr removal of 65% with methane fermentation treatment of the slurry operating at 35°C was observed. No inhibition of methane fermentation reaction occurred at the NH4+-N concentration of 3,000 mg/l or less during methane fermentation by the system. Mass balance from the present pilot-scale study showed that 1m3 of mixture of excrement and urine of swine waste (TS 90 kg/m3) was biologically converted to 25 m3/m3-slurry (NTP) of biogas (methane content 67%), 100 kg of compost (water content 40%, ignition loss 75%), and 0.80 m3 of treated water (SS 30-70 mg/l).

scholarly journals Chemical pre-treatments on oil palm empty fruit bunches: Impacts on characteristics and methane potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
N A Rohma ◽  
S Suhartini ◽  
I Nurika
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Test System ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bmp Test

Abstract Production of biogas from lignocellulosic biomass by anaerobic digestion (AD) has attracted much interest. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), one of lignocellulosic biomass, is highly abundant in Indonesia and has potential as feedstock for bioenergy production such as biogas or methane. Yet, pre-treatments are needed to improve biogas production due to its complex crystalline structures. Chemical pre-treatments with acid or alkaline solution were reported to increase cellulose or highly reduce the lignin content of OPEFB. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acid and alkaline pre-treatments on the characteristics of OPEFB and methane potential. The acid pre-treatment experimental design was used factor of H2SO4 concentration (1, 1.3, and 1.6 (%v/v)) and NaOH concentration (1.8, 2.8, and 3.8 (%w/v)). Methane potential evaluation was carried out using the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test with the Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS) II under mesophilic condition (37°C), operated for 28 days. The results showed that both dilute acid and alkaline pre-treatment positively impact altering the characteristics of OPEFB, hence the specific methane potential. Alkaline pre-treatment with NaOH 3.8 (%w/v) gave the highest average SMP value of 0.161 ± 0.005 m3 CH4/kgVSadded.

Accelerated biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass after pre-treatment with Neocallimastix frontalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Dollhofer ◽  
Vasilis Dandikas ◽  
Samart Dorn-In ◽  
Christoph Bauer ◽  
Michael Lebuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Neocallimastix Frontalis ◽  
Pre Treatment
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