scholarly journals Classification of Geomembranes as Raw Material for Defects Reduction in the Manufacture of Biodigesters Using an Artificial Neuronal Network

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7345
Author(s):  
Rocio Camarena-Martinez ◽  
Rocio A. Lizarraga-Morales ◽  
Roberto Baeza-Serrato
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Artificial Neuronal Network ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

Recently, biodigesters have attracted much attention as an efficient alternative for energy generation and organic waste treatment. The final performance of a biodigester depends heavily on the quality of its building process and the selection of its raw material: the geomembrane. The geomembrane is the coat that covers the biodigester used to control the migration of fluids. Therefore, the selection of the proper geomembrane, in terms of thickness, resistance, flexibility, etc., is fundamental. Unfortunately, there are no studies for the selection of geomembranes, and usually, it is an empirical process performed by workers based on their own experience. Such empirical selection might be inaccurate, limited, inconvenient, and even dangerous. In order to assist workers during the building process of a biodigester, this study proposes the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to classify a geomembrane as appropriate or not appropriate for the manufacture of a biodigester. The ANN is trained with a database built from qualitative and quantitative evaluations of different characteristics of geomembranes. The results indicate that the proposed ANN classifies the most suitable geomembranes with a 99.9% success rate. The proposed ANN becomes a reliable tool that contributes to the quality and safety of a biodigester.

scholarly journals technical level of small-town shoemaking in Gdańsk Pomerania in the 14th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Blusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Purposeful Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the late medieval leather artefacts from Puck, Gniew, Lębork and Chojnice, an attempt was made to assess the level of shoemaking production at that time. Microscopic analyses of leather goods and production waste proved that in the field of tanning the activities related to the mechanical treatment of leather were carefully performed, although with insufficient professional knowledge concerning the process. The results of the identification of the animal origin of the leather confirmed the purposeful selection of raw material with different properties for individual footwear elements and the ability to properly cut it. The quality of the shoemaking products was highly rated in terms of technology and style. However, in the analysed collections a clearly perceptible difference in craftsmanship and assortment of products from Gniew and the other three towns was noticed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Drying Parameters on the Quality of Pork and Poultry-Pork Kabanosy Produced according to the Traditional Specialties Guaranteed Recipe

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Chmiel ◽  
Lech Adamczak ◽  
Katarzyna Wrońska ◽  
Dorota Pietrzak ◽  
Tomasz Florowski
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of differentiated air relative humidity during the drying process on selected quality features of TSG (traditional specialties guaranteed) pork and poultry-pork kabanosy. After heat treatment and 24-hour cooling at 4–6°C, the products were placed in three chambers at 15°C with differentiated air relative humidity: 60, 70, and 80%, respectively. The drying process was carried out until all variants of kabanosy achieved the required final yield of the product (<68%). Color components, water activity and shear force, water, protein, fat, and salt content, and the TBARS indicator values were determined. The drying process might be shortened (~50%) by a reduction of humidity in the drying chamber from 80 to 60%. The changes in the content of chemical components in pork kabanosy compared to poultry-pork ones demonstrated the different dynamics of the drying of the two types of kabanosy and the need for the selection of optimum drying conditions relative to raw material composition.

scholarly journals MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF WOOL FIBERS IN PRAMENKA FOR THE QUALITY CLASSIFICATION OF RAW WOOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadžida MLAĆO ◽  
Amela KATICA ◽  
Velija KATICA ◽  
Almira SOFTIĆ ◽  
Vedad ŠAKIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Selection Of

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, as well as in most Balkan countries, wool is a major environmental problem. After sheep shearing, farmers usually leave the wool at the shear sites, providing poorly degradable organic waste. The purchase price of such untreated wool is as low as its quality. By this research, we have tried to draw attention, from another aspect, to the quality of wool fibers of certain parts of the body, which is ultimately very important in the textile industry and in the selection of wool for further processing. The cuticle is made from cornfied cells, flakes, located on the surface of wool fibers. One of the significant roles of the cuticle is the protective. Namely, the cuticle protects the wool fibers from various external factors, whether mechanical or physic-chemical (such as ammonia evaporation in poorly maintained facilities, etc.), which can damage the fleece and thus make it less quality. We have found some differences in the flakes position and shape in the wool fibers we investigated, depending on part of the body from which they were sampled. However, by microscopic analyses of samples taken from the root of the tail, we have found that the flakes were much smaller and finer in structure than the arrangement and appearance of the cornified flakes from the rump. In this study, we have compared the appearance and arrangement of flakes of cuticle, which is very important in assessing the quality of wool and its further use as a raw material.

scholarly journals Supplier Selection on Rendement Rate of Patchouli Leaf

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethriza Hanum ◽  
TITIA IZZATI ◽  
andi cakravastia
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Benchmark Data ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of research is to design the model of rendement rate by considering the criteria of patchouli leaf and designing a good supplier selection model to maximize the company profit by considering the acceptance of the patchouli oil rendement rate. The selection of suppliersdiscussed is to consider the quantity of goods offered by suppliers, demand, budget and acceptance limitation of rendement rate. To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to develop a supplier selection model that takes into consideration the quantity limitation of goods offered by the supplier and the acceptance of the rendement rate by using Linear Programming (LP) method. The result of the research shows that the determination model of the rendement rate developed to determine the percentage of Rendement Rate (RR) of each raw material supplied by the supplier so that the company can know the quality of patchouli leaf based on the type of patchouli leaf. The analysis result of numerical sample calculation shows that the selected supplier is not a supplier with good patchouli leaf criteria, the analysis result of parameter changes in oil demand and budget indicate that when oil demand is increased over the benchmark data, the model output isinsensitive, but when demand is lowered below the benchmark data, the model output looks sensitive.

Industrial technologies for processing waste oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
L. Stan'kovski ◽  
◽  
V.A. Dorogochinskaya ◽  
B.P. Tonkonogov ◽  
A.A. Molokanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Waste Oils ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Distillate Fractions ◽  
Material Preparation ◽  
Selection Of

A brief review of the state of collection, disposal and processing of used oils shows the availability of their resource in the country and the main trends in the organization of qualified collection, disposal and processing according to the lubricating oil version. The relevant technologies are given for individual stages and in general for enterprises, the choice of which depends on the quality and characteristics of raw materials. The advantage of the technological scheme, including coagulation purification at the stage of raw material preparation and vacuum distillation with the selection of distillate fractions and the residue, followed by additional purification of the residue, is shown. The use of this technology makes it possible to increase the yield and quality of the target product, which is practically impossible for the raw materials currently available in the Russian Federation using other technologies.

scholarly journals Productivity and quality of potato cultivars for processing as shoestrings and chips

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís H Araújo ◽  
Joaquim G Pádua ◽  
Marta HF Spoto ◽  
Vanessa DG Ortiz ◽  
Priscila L Margossian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Processing Ability ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Brazilian market of potato processing has presented expressive development in recent years. However, its expansion is constrained by raw material supply suitable for industrial processing. Selection of adequate cultivars contributes to final product cost reduction as well as its yield and quality improvement. The research aimed to study tuber yield and evaluate its frying potential for shoestrings and chips, of potato cultivars recently introduced in Brazil. Nine potato cultivars (Arizona, Caruso, Destiny, Excelence, Saviola, Agata, Almera, Fontane and Markies) were assessed in an experiment carried out between January and May, 2013, in South-West region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. 'Arizona' and 'Caruso' cultivars exhibited superior productive potential and along with 'Markies' the highest production of marketable tubers. 'Caruso' and 'Destiny' produced more than 20% of dry matter and the lowest reducing sugar levels. 'Caruso' exhibited the highest frying yield in both processing shapes and absorbed less fat as shoestring. 'Destiny' absorbed less fat when processed as chips. 'Excelence' presented intermediary performance for every evaluated attribute. 'Caruso', 'Destiny', and 'Excelence' produced chips with appropriate color for market. Among the assessed cultivars, 'Caruso', 'Destiny', and 'Excelence' were the most promising. These cultivars demonstrated appropriate processing ability in the shape of shoestrings. 'Destiny' could also be indicated to be processed as chips.

Technology Selection for Emergency Radioactive Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 708-712
Author(s):  
Jun Feng Li ◽  
Jian Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Radioactive Wastewater ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Accident Case

Radioactive wastewater on accident cases is characterized by large quantity and complex quality, so the treatment process must be able to meet the request of large quantity, low energy consumption and mobile processing. The quantity and quality of radioactive wastewater under core melt accident case was estimated. The different characteristics of the radioactive waste treatment technology were compared. The practicable technologies and processes for emergency treatment of radioactive waste was analyzed. The recommended flow chart for emergency radioactive wastewater treatment was given out. Some suggestions were given for the research on the emergency treatment of radioactive wastewater technology.

scholarly journals SEDIMENTATION ANALYSIS OF THE DISPERSED PHASE DURING TREATMENT OF PHENOLIC WASTEWATER OF COKE-CHEMICAL PRODUCTION BY GLAUCONITE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
A. Ivanchenko ◽  
K. Khavikova ◽  
M. Voloshin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sedimentation Analysis ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Cationic Flocculant ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Phenolic Wastewater ◽  
Adsorption Treatment

Kinetic regularities of adsorption treatment of phenolic wastewater with glauconite have been revealed. It was found that glauconite at a dose of 2 g/dm3 in combination with a 0.1% solution of cationic flocculant, which provides removal of resinous substances up to 94% for 10 min and phenols up to 20% during 20 min. As a result, the MPC of phenols and resinous substances was achieved at the stage of mechanical treatment of effluents, which are then fed for biochemical processing into aeratanks, which is 415 mg/dm³ and 25 mg/dm3, respectively. The dispersed composition of sediments after treatment of industrial wastewater with glauconite was studied. It was found that the particle radii of the polydisperse system "liquid waste  – glauconite" in combination with cationic flocculant were the largest and reached r = 537 mkm, which is twice the maximum polydisperse systems "liquid waste  – glauconite" and "liquid waste  – glauconite" with an anionic flocculant. Sedimentation analysis showed that the sedimentation time of the sediment decreased from 17 min to 6 min in the system "liquid waste  – glauconite" in combination with cationic flocculant and formed a precipitate of loose flakes, which settled quickly. The introduction of a flotation plant with a dosage of natural glauconite 2 g/dm3 in combination with a 0.1% solution of cationic flocculant at industrial treatment facilities is proposed. Engineering solutions will improve the quality of wastewater supplied for coke quenching and will make it possible to transport and dispose of sludge after waste treatment with glauconite, which is planned to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of pavements in asphalt plants.

scholarly journals CONTROL METHOD OF PALM OIL’S RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIES TO GUARANTEE THE QUALITY OF THE PRODUCT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Andira Puspita ◽  
Yuni Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Selection Of

The current economy has grown rapidly, along with the rapidly growing of Science and Technology (IPTEK). So the competition between companies becomes increasingly tight. The increasingly tight competition of the company encourages each company to determine the selection of raw material inventory appropriately so that the company can still exist in order to achieve its desired goals.

scholarly journals IPTEK PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK MENJADI BIOKOMPOSER PADA KELOMPOK TANI PADI SRI SUKOREJO PASURUAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
MUH. ANIAR HARI SWASONO ◽  
MISBACH MUNIR
Keyword(s):  
Production Management ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><strong><em></em></strong><em>Program IbM aims to 1) Establishing independent farmers in meeting the needs of fertilizer in rice farming, 2) create a technology organic waste treatment based on local resources, 3) Improving the knowledge and ability of farmer groups in production management manufacture bio composer, 4) Increasing awareness group peasants in farming that takes into account the principles of sustainable agriculture, 5) Establish new entrepreneurs that can increase farmers’ income. Target in the program IbM among others: 1) each farmer group has insight and knowledge of manufacturing technology bio composer, 2) each farmer group capable of processing organic waste (livestock manure, hump-banana stems, household organic waste), 3 ) each farmer group is able to manage the business bio composer well, managing of raw material supplies, scheduling, and organizing production capacity, 4) any farmer groups have treatment plants bio composer and its place, 5) any farmer groups can utilize thrasher organic materials, making it easier to cutting-banana stem weevil, vegetables or fruit. The method used in this activity are: 1) Training processing organic wastes into bio composer, 2) demo and facilitation manufacture bio composer together with farmer groups, 3) training and development of production management, 4) Training in the management of the finance, 5) leadership training (leadership) for the management, 6) Develop business into new profitable venture and 7) Making the MOL bio composer installation together with all members of the farmer group partners. The result is 1) Most members of farmer groups (Partner) can range from 90% in the manufacturing process bio composer, 2) Most of the members of farmer groups (Partner) around 85% could be in the process of production management (scheduling, setting raw materials and cooperation in the process of making bio composer, 3) Preparation of installation bio composer in farmers’ groups (partners) have completed 100% and readily used by farmer groups, 4) the Chairman of the farmers’ group has adopted the division of tasks according to their respective division and started making administrative performance reports and financial statements, although still modest.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong></strong>Program IbM ini bertujuan untuk 1) Membentuk petani mandiri dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pupuk pada usahatani padi, 2) menciptakan teknologi pengolahan limbah organik berbasis sumberdaya lokal, 3) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan kelompok tani dalam manajemen produksi pembuatan biokomposer, 4) Meningkatkan kepedulian kelompok tani dalam berusahatani yang memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip pertanian berkelanjutan, 5) Membentuk wirausaha baru yang dapat menambah pendapatan petani. Target dalam program IbM ini antara lain: 1) setiap kelompok tani memiliki wawasan dan pengetahuan tentang teknologi pembuatan biokomposer, 2) setiap kelompok tani mampu mengolah limbah organik (kotoran ternak, bonggol- batang pisang, limbah organik rumah tangga), 3) setiap kelompok tani mampu mengelola usaha</p><p>biokomposer dengan baik, mengelola dari kebutuhan bahan baku, penjadwalan, dan mengatur kapasitas produksi, 4) setiap kelompok tani memiliki unit instalasi pengolahan biokomposer beserta tempatnya, 5) setiap kelompok tani dapat memanfaatkan mesin pencacah bahan organik, sehingga lebih mudah dalam pemotongan bonggol-batang pisang, sayur atau buah. Metode pendekatan yang dipakai dalam kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Pelatihan pengolahan limbah organik menjadi biokomposer, 2) demo dan pendampingan pembuatan biokomposer bersama-sama dengan kelompok tani, 3) Pelatihan dan pembinaan manajemen produksi, 4) Pelatihan dalam pengelolaan manajemen keuangan, 5) Pelatihan leadership(kepemimpinan) bagi pengurus, 6) Mengembangkan usaha menjadi usaha baru yang menguntungkan dan 7) Pembuatan instalasi biokomposer MOL bersama- sama dengan seluruh anggota kelompok tani mitra. Hasilnya adalah 1) Sebagian besar anggota kelompok tani (Mitra) berkisar 90% bisa dalam proses pembuatan biokomposer, 2) Sebagian besar anggota kelompok tani (Mitra) berkisar 85% bisa dalam proses manajemen produksi (penjadwalan, pengaturan bahan baku dan kerjasama dalam proses pembuatan biokomposer, 3) Pembuatan instalasi biokomposer di kelompok tani (mitra) sudah selesai 100% dan siap digunakan oleh kelompok tani, 4) Ketua kelompok tani sudah menerapkan pembagian tugas sesuai devisi masing- masing dan mulai membuat administrasi laporan kinerja dan laporan keuangan meskipun masih sederhana.</p>

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