scholarly journals Emission Factors and Energy Properties of Agro and Forest Biomass in Aspect of Sustainability of Energy Sector

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Maj
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Energy Sector

Grassland and forest understorey biomass emissions from prescribed fires in the south-eastern United States – RxCADRE 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Strand ◽  
Brian Gullett ◽  
Shawn Urbanski ◽  
Susan O'Neill ◽  
Brian Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Prescribed Fires ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Smoke Plumes ◽  
Forest Understorey ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Modified Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Smouldering Combustion

Smoke measurements were made during grass and forest understorey prescribed fires as part of a comprehensive programme to understand fire and smoke behaviour. Instruments deployed on the ground, airplane and tethered aerostat platforms characterised the smoke plumes through measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and particulate matter (PM), and measurements of optical properties. Distinctions were observed in aerial and ground-based measurements, with aerial measurements exhibiting smaller particle size distributions and PM emission factors, likely due to particle settling. Black carbon emission factors were similar for both burns and were highest during the initial flaming phase. On average, the particles from the forest fire were less light absorbing than those from the grass fires due to the longer duration of smouldering combustion in the forest biomass. CO and CH4 emission factors were over twice as high for the forest burn than for the grass burn, corresponding with a lower modified combustion efficiency and greater smouldering combustion. This dataset reveals the evolution of smoke emissions from two different commonly burned fuel types and demonstrates the complexity of emission factors.

scholarly journals Sustainable Renewable Energy by Means of Using Residual Forest Biomass

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esperanza Mateos ◽  
Leyre Ormaetxea
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy ◽  
Proximate Analyses

The substitution of energy based on fossil fuel by bioenergy could be an effective solution to reduce external energy dependency, thereby promoting sustainable development. This article details a study of the use of biomass residues produced in the forestry sector as a consequence of field operations of the two predominant forest species (Pinus radiata D. Don and Ecualyptus globulus Labill) of Biscay (Spain). The potential of forest residues is estimated to be 66,600 dry Mg year − 1 . These residues would provide 1307 TJ year − 1 . Energy parameters, ultimate and proximate analyses, and the level of emissions of the forest residues are performed in order to estimate their characteristics as fuel. The research done has shown very similar values in terms of the net calorific value of the residues of P. radiata (19.45 MJ kg − 1 ) and E. globulus (19.48 MJ kg − 1 ). The determined emission factors indicate a reduction in gas emissions: CO (23–25%), CO 2 (22–25%), SO 2 (87–91%) and dust (11–38%) and an increase of 11–37% in NO x compared to hard coal. Estimation of the emission factors of the residual biomass allows the environmental impacts, that are potentially produced by biofuel, to be estimated.

scholarly journals Lithuanian forest biomass resources: legal, economic and ecological aspects of their use and potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė ◽  
Diana Lukminė ◽  
Stasys Mizaras ◽  
Lina Beniušienė ◽  
Kęstutis Armolaitis
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Biomass Resources

AbstractThe development of bioenergy markets is beneficial from a climate perspective and helps ensure sustainable forest management both locally and globally. This study aimed to provide an overview of the current state of Lithuanian forest biomass resources with a particular focus on the legal, economic and ecological aspects of forest biomass use for energy and to identify the lessons that should be learned from the history of biomass introduction in the country’s energy sector. These experiences and lessons are valuable both nationally and internationally, where good practices and challenges for the introduction and development of forest biomass for energy production are revealed. We examined the question of whether regulatory drivers in the energy sector can increase forest biomass use for energy production and contribute to sustainable development of Lithuania. To answer this question, we described the legal and market instruments regulating forest biomass use for energy production, the forestry sector and renewable energy policy in Lithuania, the current and potential amount of forest biomass available for energy production and ecological considerations relating to forest biomass use for energy. In Lithuania, forest biomass resources are strategically important for the renewable energy sector. The National Energy Strategy of Lithuania aims to increase the share of renewable energy sources, including forest biomass, within the total energy consumption, with targets of 30% in 2020, 45% in 2030 and 80% in 2050. Lithuania successfully achieved the target of EU legislation on renewables in 2015 ahead of the obligation to achieve it in 2020. Renewable energy is mainly used in heating, as well as in the electricity and transport sectors. This has resulted in a significant price reduction for end users due to the increased use of biomass, mainly local forest biomass, for heat energy production and in the emergence of a biofuel exchange, which acts as a system of biomass auctions that to some extent prevent unjustified price increases. Legislation developed for the energy biomass market in Lithuania allows efficient restructuring of the energy sector, especially for heat production. The Lithuanian energy sector has already successfully replaced imported and relatively expensive natural gas with locally available cheaper renewable energy sources (RES). Compliance with formal environmental regulations is required to protect the soil, ground vegetation, understory and biodiversity during commercial tree harvesting. Lithuania has basic guidelines for the use of wood ash as a compensatory fertiliser, with strict requirements for the chemical quality of wood ash.

150. Estimating Emission Factors in a Capacitor Factory Using a Modified Two-Zone Model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Feigley ◽  
N. Schnaufer ◽  
T. Do ◽  
E. Lee ◽  
M. Venkatraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Factors ◽  
Zone Model

Energy Law Principles and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-247
Author(s):  
Vicente Lopez-Ibor Mayor ◽  
Raphael J. Heffron
Keyword(s):  
Energy Sector ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Core Energy ◽  
Low Carbon Energy ◽  
Energy Law

It is advanced here that a principle-based approach is needed to develop the energy sector during and after COVID-19. The economic recovery that is needed needs to revolve around ensuring that no one is left behind, and it should be an inclusive transition to a secure and stable low-carbon energy future. There are seven core energy law principles that if applied to the energy sector could enable this to be achieved.

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