scholarly journals A Simplified Methodology to Evaluate Circuit Complexity: Doherty Power Amplifier as a Case Study

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Aaron Tan ◽  
Rui Toh ◽  
Alfred Lim ◽  
Yongfu Li ◽  
Zhi Kong
Keyword(s):  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Circuit Complexity ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Integrated Circuit Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Doherty Power Amplifier ◽  
Simplistic Model

This paper analyzes the circuit complexity using Doherty power amplifier (DPA) as a case study and proposes a simplistic model to characterize the design complexity of a DPA circuit. Various fundamental building blocks of the DPA circuit are discussed and modeled to formulate the model. In one of our experiments, it is observed that a reduction of up to 400% in the normalized complexity factor (NCF) could enhance the gain performance by approximately up to 40% for UHF applications. This work can be used as a common benchmarking tool to compare various types of DPA architecture and allow design teams to optimize their building blocks in the DPA circuit. This model can also potentially become a platform for the improvement of many integrated circuit design components, allowing ready integration on a wide range of next generation applications, not only limited to DPA circuits.

A Case Study of Defects Due to Process-Design Interaction in Nano Scale Technology

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Sung Lin ◽  
Ying-Chin Hou ◽  
Juimei Fu ◽  
Mong-Sheng Wu ◽  
Vincent Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Integrated Circuit Design ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Leakage Path ◽  
Related Defect

Abstract The difficulties in identifying the precise defect location and real leakage path is increasing as the integrated circuit design and process have become more and more complicated in nano scale technology node. Most of the defects causing chip leakage are detectable with only one of the FA (Failure Analysis) tools such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Detection) or PEM (Photon Emission Microscope). However, due to marginality of process-design interaction some defects are often not detectable with only one FA tool [1][2]. This paper present an example of an abnormal power consumption process-design interaction related defect which could only be detected with more advanced FA tools.

Up Close: The Interuniversity Microelectronics Center (IMEC), Leuven, Belgium

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Denoyelle
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
System Level ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Integrated Circuit Design ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Application Specific Integrated Circuit ◽  
Aided Design

The Interuniversity Microelectronics Center, Leuven, Belgium (IMEC) is one of the world's largest independent research centers for microelectronics. It was established in 1984 by the Flemish government as a part of a comprehensive program to promote high technology in Flanders, Belgium. Benefiting from existing experience available mainly at the University of Leuven, IMEC moved into its present facilities in 1986 (Figure 1).The Center covers a wide range of research topics in the microelectronics domain—VLSI systems design methodologies, advanced semiconductor processing, materials, packaging, and more.About 50 people work on computer-aided design, developing a series of “true” silicon compilers: CATHEDRAL. With this software, ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) design becomes extremely attractive, since CATHEDRAL covers design from the high system level down to layout.INVOMEC, the training division of IMEC, supports universities in ASIC design. It trains people for both educational institutes and industry in chip design, makes available the necessary software, and has a well-established Multi Project Chip—Multi Project Wafer service.The Processing Technologies and Materials Divisions involve about 200 people and have a 3,600 m2 clean room at their disposal. The clean room consists of a 20% class 10 area with a fast-turnaround prototyping line and an 80% class 1000 area.IMEC's objectives are: to perform research in the microelectronics field, supporting both industry and universities, and to stimulate the microelectronics industry in Flanders.IMEC performs research on both silicon and III-V technologies.

scholarly journals Picosecond optical pulse processing using a terahertz-bandwidth reconfigurable photonic integrated circuit

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Xie ◽  
Leimeng Zhuang ◽  
Arthur J. Lowery
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Optical Pulses ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit ◽  
Waveform Generation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Arbitrary Waveform ◽  
Signal Processors

AbstractChip-scale integrated optical signal processors promise to support a multitude of signal processing functions with bandwidths beyond the limit of microelectronics. Previous research has made great contributions in terms of demonstrating processing functions and device building blocks. Currently, there is a significant interest in providing functional reconfigurability, to match a key advantage of programmable microelectronic processors. To advance this concept, in this work, we experimentally demonstrate a photonic integrated circuit as an optical signal processor with an unprecedented combination of two key features: reconfigurability and terahertz bandwidth. These features enable a variety of processing functions on picosecond optical pulses using a single device. In the experiment, we successfully verified clock rate multiplication, arbitrary waveform generation, discretely and continuously tunable delays, multi-path combining and bit-pattern recognition for 1.2-ps-duration optical pulses at 1550 nm. These results and selected head-to-head comparisons with commercially available devices show our device to be a flexible integrated platform for ultrahigh-bandwidth optical signal processing and point toward a wide range of applications for telecommunications and beyond.

scholarly journals A Novel Automated Design Methodology for Power Electronics Converters

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
André Andreta ◽  
Luiz Fernando Lavado Villa ◽  
Yves Lembeye ◽  
Jean Christophe Crebier
Keyword(s):  
Power Electronics ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Integrated Circuit Design ◽  
In Series ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
Conversion Stage

This work proposes a methodology for designing power electronic converters called “Automatic Design for Manufacturing” (ADFM). This methodology proposes creating Power Converter Arrays (PCAs) using standardized converter cells. The approach is greatly inspired by the microelectronics integrated circuit design flow, power electronics building blocks, and multicell converters. To achieve the desired voltage/current specifications, the PCA conversion stage is made from the assembly of several Conversion-Standard Cells (CSCs) in series and/or parallel. The ADFM uses data-based models to simulate the behavior of a PCA with very little computational effort. These models require a special characterization approach to maximize the amount of knowledge while minimizing the amount of data. This approach consists of establishing an experiment plan to select the relevant measurements that contain the most information about the PCA technology, building an experimental setup that is capable of acquiring data automatically and using statistical learning to train models that can yield precise predictions. This work performed over 210 h of tests in nine different PCAs in order to gather data to the statistical models. The models predict the efficiency and converter temperature of several PCAs, and the accuracy is compared with real measurements. Finally, the models are employed to compare the performance of PCAs in a specific battery charging application.

Increasing efficiency of compositional synthesis by improving the database of its building blocks

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMARESH CHAKRABARTI
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Automated Synthesis ◽  
Problem Size ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Compositional Synthesis

This article is an attempt to improve the efficiency of procedures for compositional synthesis of design solutions using building blocks. These procedures have found use in a wide range of applications, and are one of the most substantial outcomes of research into automated synthesis of design solutions. Due to their combinatorial nature, these procedures are highly inefficient in solving problems, especially when the database of building blocks for synthesis or the problem size is large. Previous literature often focuses on improving only the algorithm part of a procedure, while it is both its algorithm and database which together determine the overall efficiency of the procedure. This article uses a case study to investigate and develop a set of rules for structuring and preprocessing a database of building blocks so as to improve the efficiency of synthesis of design solutions using this database.

scholarly journals A Broadband Asymmetrical GaN MMIC Doherty Power Amplifier with Compact Size for 5G Communications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Peisen Cheng ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yeting Jia ◽  
Zhichao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Design System ◽  
Power Added Efficiency ◽  
Matching Networks ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Doherty Power Amplifier

This paper proposes a broadband asymmetrical monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Doherty power amplifier (DPA) using 0.25-μm gallium-nitride process with a compact chip size of 2.37 × 1.86 mm2 for 5G communication. It adopts an unequal Wilkinson’s power divider with a ratio of 2.5:1, where 71.5% of the total power is transferred to the main amplifier for higher gain. Different input matching networks are used to offset phase difference while completing impedance conversion. This design also applies a novel topology to solve the problem of large impedance transformer ratio (ITR) in conventional DPA, and it optimizes the ITR from 4:1 to 2:1 for wider band. Moreover, most of the components of the DPA including power divider and matching networks use lumped inductors and capacitors instead of long transmission line (TL) for a smaller space area. The whole circuit is designed and simulated using Agilent’s advanced design system (ADS). The simulated small-signal gain of DPA is 8–11 dB and the saturation output power is more than 39.5 dBm with 800 MHz band from 4.5 GHz to 5.3 GHz. At 6-dB output power back-off, the DPA demonstrates 38–41.3% power added efficiency (PAE), whereas 44–54% PAE is achieved at saturation power.

scholarly journals Op zoek naar de tweede helix

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Judith Thissen ◽  
André Van der Velden
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Film Culture ◽  
Context Model ◽  
Film Exhibition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post War ◽  
Double Helix Structure

In respect to the Cinema Context database, Karel Dibbets argued that basic data about the Who, What, Where and When of film exhibition and distribution represent the genes within the DNA of film culture. Building upon this imaginative use of the DNA-metaphor, this article seeks to develop the idea that the Cinema Context model contains only one of the two helixes of film culture’s DNA. In biochemistry, double helix is the term used to describe the structure of DNA, which consists of two spiral chains. The question is: what exactly constitutes the second helix of film culture? And what are the implications of the double helix structure for New Cinema Historiography? We argue that a wide range of data about audience practices and their everyday lives (from statistics about religious affiliation and population density to personal memories about cinemagoing) form the building blocks of the second helix and that these data need to be studied in interrelationship with each other. To bring focus into such research, we propose to use the concept of milieu as a heuristic tool and we explore its potential with a case study about moviegoing practices among Dutch Orthodox Protestants (Gereformeerden) in the Netherlands in the immediate post-war era (1945–early 1960s).

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