SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - MANAGERS' AWARENESS, INFLUENCE ON FUNCTIONING SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN POLAND

The negative impact of economic development led to the emergence of a new concept, which has been termed sustainable development. It has significantly influenced the way of thinking about relations occurring in the social, economic, and environmental areas. There are many definitions of this concept in literature. Effective implementation of the principles of this concept requires understanding and building environmental awareness. Implementation of the concept at the enterprise level requires managers to have a certain amount of knowledge and skills and at the same time the ability to perceive and look at the issue of sustainable development from the perspective of benefits. The paper presents the results of a study conducted in 2021 among 216 managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. The research aimed to assess the awareness of the idea of sustainability among the management staff of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland and its impact on their functioning. The results of the research were compared to the results of research conducted by the author in 2008. The research has shown a significant increase in the awareness of the idea of sustainable development. This applies both to the everyday behaviors of respondents and declared actions carried out in enterprises they manage. The main factor motivating the surveyed companies to undertake pro-environmental actions is the conviction that it is necessary to care for the environment and not to avoid paying fines and fees. The respondents see specific benefits from such activities.

A framework for knowledge retention to support business continuity in the cross-border mergers of the telecommunications industry in Lesotho

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate a framework for knowledge retention to support business continuity in cross-border mergers of the telecommunications industry in Lesotho. Design/methodology/approach This study applied a qualitative case study, with data collected through interviews from a purposively selected sample of staff members who held managerial positions. Information in this study was partially extracted from the PhD thesis of Dr Tseole ET supervised by Prof Ngulube P at the University of South Africa completed in 2021. Findings The study discovered that a considerable amount of knowledge may have been lost because employees who either left the organisation or those who were apparently forced to resign during the process had left without any proper knowledge retention arrangements. Research limitations/implications The framework proposed in this study may be used in framing future studies as a theoretical framework. The study also provides new literature for review and discussion of background in future related studies. Practical implications The framework provided in the study may be used as a benchmark in the knowledge management industry and/or organisations for policy development or improvements and implementation of knowledge retention strategies. Social implications Through recommendations and framework provided by this study, organisations will be able to improve their services to their sphere of influence in the surrounding communities. So, community will be receiving an improved and good service at all the times. Originality/value A framework for facilitating knowledge retention in the cross-border mergers of the telecommunications industry is therefore proposed and the researchers believe it will be helpful to the organisation for improving knowledge retention going forward, particularly in the merger process.

A compact guide to the systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature in neuroscience.

Critical appraisals of the literature may help to increase reproducibility in neuroscience. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are tools for neuroscientists to critically evaluate a large amount of knowledge in the research field. These methods involve individually simple decisions, which may become complex when considering the whole process. Strategies to organize the planning and implementation of the protocols minimize the workload. Here, we prepared a compact guide to assist neuroscientists willing to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature in neuroscience.

The Components of Big Data and Knowledge Management Will Change Radically How People Collaborate and Develop Complex Research

Emerging as a rapidly growing field, big data is already known for promising success and having considerable synergies with knowledge management. The common goal of this collaboration is to improve and facilitate decision making, fueling the competition, fostering innovation, and achieving economic success through acquisition of knowledge to various applications. Knowledge in the entire world or inside any organization has already expanded itself in various directions and is exponentially increasing with time. To withstand the current competitive environment, an intensive collaboration of knowledge management with different approaches and algorithms of big data is required. Classical structuring is becoming obsolete with the increasing amount of knowledge components.

Engineering education and new challenges: interconnection of tasks in the conditions of society digitalization

Рассмотрены проблемы инженерного образования в российской практике новых вызовов, связанных с цифровизацией общества. На примере сравнительного анализа данных по количеству приема на бюджетные и внебюджетные места, среднему баллу ЕГЭ, стоимости обучения на платной основе по мониторингу 2020 года показано, что интерес абитуриентов, желающих получить высшее образование определяется не только бюджетными местами, но и реалиями современного развития общества, поэтому желание получить непрофильное образование в техническом вузе не ослабевает. По направлениям обучения инженерной направленности интерес определяется исключительно наличием бюджетных мест. Новые вызовы диктуют условия эффективного решения производственных проблем современным инженером, которому сегодня необходимы знания широкого профиля, включая менеджмент, экономику, интеллектуального права, английского языка. Это вызывает необходимость разработки синтетических программ, включающих требования работодателя с ориентацией на современное производство, имеющее сложную системную организационную и управленческую структуру. Новые вызовы сегодня способствуют росту престижа среднего профессионального образования, не надо сдавать ЕГ, и это, пожалуй, самый главный аргумент. Если интерес к колледжам будет подогреваться сегодняшние 80% выпускников школ выбравшие для продолжения обучение СПО, могут завтра оказаться 100%. В этой ситуации высшее образование может остаться без набора. Следует поднять престиж инженерного образования посредством его модернизации и синтеза ключевых образовательных знаний, умений и навыков инженера на основе новых вызовов, с которыми встречается общество, в целях сохранения его будущего. Взаимообусловленность задач инженерного образования с цифровизацией общества заключается не в объеме полученных знаний, умений и навыков, а в подготовке инженера, обладающего общей системной ориентацией в жизненном пространстве, осознанном отношении к своей профессиональной принадлежности, стремлении к постоянному совершенствованию и развитию своего интеллектуального потенциала, инженерного мышления, умения генерировать новые идеи и знания. The problems of engineering education in the Russian practice of new challenges associated with the digitalization of society are considered. Using the example of a comparative analysis of data on the number of admission, to budgetary and non-budgetary places, the average USE score, the cost of tuition on a paid basis according to the monitoring of 2020, it is shown that the interest of applicants wishing to get higher education is determined not only by budgetary places, but also by the realities of modern society development. Therefore, the desire to get a non-core education at a technical university is not weakening. In the areas of engineering education, interest is determined solely by the availability of budgetary places. New challenges dictate the conditions for the effective solution of production problems by a modern engineer, who today needs knowledge of a wide profile, including management, economics, intellectual law, and the English language. This necessitates the development of synthetic programs that include employer requirements with a focus on modern production, which has a complex systemic organizational and management structure. New challenges today contribute to the growth of the prestige of secondary vocational education, there is no need to pass the EG, and this is perhaps the most important argument. If interest in colleges is fueled by today's 80% of high school graduates who choose to continue their education in vocational education, there may be 100% tomorrow. In this situation, higher education may be left without enrollment. It is necessary to raise the prestige of engineering education through its modernization and synthesis of key educational knowledge, skills and abilities of an engineer on the basis of new challenges faced by society in order to preserve its future. The interdependence of the tasks of engineering education with the digitalization of society lies not in the amount of knowledge, skills and abilities acquired, but in the training of an engineer who has a general systemic orientation in the living space, a conscious attitude to his professional affiliation, the desire to constantly improve and develop his intellectual potential, engineering thinking, the ability to generate new ideas and knowledge.

THE FRANCISCAN MISSION OF GIOVANNI DA PIAN DEL CARPINE 1245: THE COMPANIONS OF THE PAPAL LEGATE IN BOHEMIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO RUS’

The article aims to analyze the participation of Franciscan missionaries from Bohemia in the embassy of Giovanni da Pian del Carpine to the Mongol khan in the context of Rus’-Czech relations in the middle of the XIIIth century. Research methodology. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach to the study of socio-political, military, and socio-economic phenomena in their development and relationships, based on the principles of scientificity, objectivity, systematicity, and historicism. In the study, general scientific and special historical methods were used, namely: comparative-historical, critical, problem-chronological, source-based, and analytical methods. The scientific novelty of the article is that historiography has not yet paid attention to the bohemian origins of the two members of the Carpine mission. In addition, this fact did not fit into the broader background of Rus’-Czech relations at the time. The role of the Pope in resolving the international situation in Central and Eastern Europe is highlighted, as well as how this relates to the policies of the Czech Przemyslids and the Galician-Volynian Romanovychi. Conclusions. It was noted that the factor of the emergence of nomads and their threat to Europe was crucial for the Czech-Rus’ contacts, which became part of the eastern policy of the Apostolic Capital. Since, in the conditions of the Mongol threat, both the Przemyslids and the Romanovychi actively communicated with the Pope, the Czech-Rus’ communication became inevitable. With this in mind, the article draws attention to the following points. First, the amount of knowledge about Rus’ in Bohemia at that time was analyzed. Secondly, the preconditions that contributed to the Czech-Rus’ rapprochement with Rome, despite the unfavorable policy of the German emperor, were highlighted. Third, the Rus’-Czech relations of the middle of the XIIIth century and their manifestation in the form of the Galician-Czech union in the following decades were interpreted in the international context. The events of the war for the inheritance of the Babenbergs in 1246–1278 and the Czech-Rus’ relations in their context should be considered as a continuation of the political line initiated by the Pope and executed by the Franciscans.

KETOSIS MANAGEMENT IN A TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT: A NUTRITIONAL APPROACH

Ketosis-inclined type 2 diabetes, an insulin deficiency tends to occur in response to constant hyperglycemia auxiliary to insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia will additionally restrict the secretion of insulin, and a few examinations have even shown a decrease of insulin production at the genetic level by restraining transcription of insulin-producing proteins. Here in this study, we detailed a patient having ketosis in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and observed all require parameter in dietary management. The patient was found ketone positive in initial days. Due to high level of blood sugar and constipation, he was suggested a diabetic fluid diet and high fiber content meal. Initially Glucose level was 187mg/dl and Hb level- 12.5, after the observation with maintain diet the Hb level- 14.5 and Glucose level was >150mg/dl. Serum proteins and albumin were also found in normal range and the patients found ketone negative in later stage. To date, clinical trials have provided evidence of benefits of Keto diets in terms of clinical outcomes. However, the molecular events responsible for these improvements still remain unclear in spite of the high amount of knowledge on the primary mechanisms of both the diabetes and the metabolic state of ketosis.

Time – the significant capital of the manager

The current conditions of the functioning of enterprises and the complexity of many production processes raise the issues related to the efficiency of managers’ work to a higher level. Following this requirement, much more attention is paid to improving work efficiency and its proper organization. It has been emphasized that the increasing amount of knowledge necessary to be acquired in a unit of time and the greater degree of difficulty of working in various positions make it necessary to take into account, apart from natural human predispositions, also biological rhythms and current environmental influences. Therefore, it is understandable that employees, especially managers, should know the psychophysical activities shaping the efficiency of human work and consider their influence on the improvement of management efficiency. It has been emphasized that the role of a manager comes down to achieving the goals set by the team. In addition to the conditions, several proposals have been presented to improve the activities of people holding managerial positions.

Fighting Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm-Associated Infections: Can Iron Be the Key to Success?

Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most important commensal microorganisms of human skin and mucosae. However, this bacterial species is also the cause of severe infections in immunocompromised patients, specially associated with the utilization of indwelling medical devices, that often serve as a scaffold for biofilm formation. S. epidermidis strains are often multidrug resistant and its association with biofilm formation makes these infections hard to treat. Their remarkable ability to form biofilms is widely regarded as its major pathogenic determinant. Although a significant amount of knowledge on its biofilm formation mechanisms has been achieved, we still do not understand how the species survives when exposed to the host harsh environment during invasion. A previous RNA-seq study highlighted that iron-metabolism associated genes were the most up-regulated bacterial genes upon contact with human blood, which suggested that iron acquisition plays an important role in S. epidermidis biofilm development and escape from the host innate immune system. In this perspective article, we review the available literature on the role of iron metabolism on S. epidermidis pathogenesis and propose that exploiting its dependence on iron could be pursued as a viable therapeutic alternative.

alienation phenomenon and the communicative model of the human society evolution

The subject of research is the large-scale alienation as a social phenomenon. The aim of this work is the consideration of individual symptoms and areas of alienation in the history of mankind and in the modern information society, and the disclosure of its logic and patterns. Methodologically, the study is based on the historical, information and cybernetic approaches. The paper points to a positive feedback between the amount of knowledge in alienated form and figures of society, the development of its comprehensive intelligence. The number of stages and directions of alienation are indicated. Interaction between the material and direct forms of alienated knowledge with the formation of a positive feedback between them is marked. A number of forms of alienated knowledge that appeared in the last two centuries are listed. New forms of exclusion, which exist in the form of artificial intelligence, robotics, and global computer networks, are analysed. The question of the limits of alienation as a process in the context of the paradigm of the limits of destruction is discussed.