scholarly journals Direct versus Indirect Techniques to Menage Uncomplicated Crown Fractures of Anterior Teeth Following Dentoalveolar Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Roberto Apponi ◽  
Alberto Murri dello Diago ◽  
Vittorio Colombini ◽  
Giorgia Melis
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dentoalveolar Trauma ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
The Relationship

Dental trauma are the most common reasons for dental fractures in the anterior area, they have an incidence of 5% in the population, and in permanent teeth, they are mainly caused by sports. The most involved teeth are the maxillary anterior teeth. Direct composite restorations and indirect ceramic restorations are the therapy of choice for restoring anterior teeth after fracture when is not possible to reattach the tooth fragment. The treatment options in uncomplicated coronal fractures depend on various factors such as the amount of residual dentinal enamel tissue, the relationship with the gingival profiles, and the age of the patient. The purpose of this article is to discuss the option of using direct or indirect restorative techniques in the treatment of traumatically fractured anterior teeth and to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.

Management of trauma to the anterior segment of the maxilla: alveolar fracture and primary incisors crown and root fracture

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Muna S Khalaf ◽  
Bayan S Khalaf ◽  
Shorouq M Abass
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Impact

Background: An injury to both the primary and permanent teeth and the supporting structures is one of the most common dental problems seen in children. Splinting is usually difficult or impossible to perform in the primary dentition (due to diminutive room size and lack of patient cooperation). Healing must, therefore, occur despite mobility at the fracture line, usually resulting in interposition of connective tissue. In some instances, infection will occur in the coronal pulp. The present study reported a case of trauma to the anterior primary teeth and alveolar bone in a four year old child. The trauma has caused fracture to the crowns and roots of the primary anterior teeth. The following case was managed in a procedure that may provide primary teeth subjected to trauma a better chance than extraction with a better prognosis. Case presentation: a 4 and a half year old child was subjected to trauma in anterior segment of maxilla. Suturing of the torn soft tissue was the first step followed by pulpotomy for the left primary lateral incisor. Fixation of the right primary central and lateral incisors was done by acid etch wire fixation. Both clinical and radiographic follow up was carried out for 6.4 years. Results: healing of the soft tissue was observed after one week and completed after two months. Fixation of the teeth continued for ten months. The fracture lines in the roots remained in position. Clinically there was no sign of any pulpal inflammation or necrosis. Radiographically, no signs of infection to the surrounding tissues could be seen, no resorption in the alveolar bone, external or internal resorption of the root did not happen also. After ten months fixation ended and the wire was removed. At that time there was normal resorption of the roots of the primary incisors in relation with the normal development of the permanent incisors. After 3 years both permanent central incisors erupted in their normal position. After 6.4 years all four permanent incisors erupted into occlusion in their normal position. Conclusion: primary teeth with root fractures and severely mobile coronal fragments can be treated by a conservative approach. The severity of the sequels is directly related to the degree of permanent tooth formation (child’s age), type of dental trauma and extent of the impact. Key words: trauma, primary incisors, fractured crown and root

scholarly journals Orthodontic Forced Eruption of Permanent Anterior Teeth with Subgingival Fractures: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12580
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Reichardt ◽  
Ralf Krug ◽  
Michael M. Bornstein ◽  
Jürgen Tomasch ◽  
Carlalberta Verna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Forced Eruption

(1) Background: To assess orthodontic forced eruption (OFE) as a pre-restorative procedure for non-restorable permanent teeth with subgingival dental hard tissue defects after dental trauma. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search of three databases, namely, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, revealed a total of 2757 eligible publications. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT), retro- and prospective clinical studies, or case series (with a minimum of three patients) were reviewed. (3) Results: Thirteen full-text papers were included: one RCT, one prospective clinical trial, two retrospective cohort studies, and nine case series. Within case series, statistical significance between age and cause of fracture (p < 0.03) was determined. The mean extrusion rate of OFE was 1.5 mm a week within a four to six weeks treatment period followed by retention. Three OFE protocols for maxillary single teeth are available: 1. OFE without migration of gingiva and alveolar bone, 2. OFE with gingival migration and slight alveolar bone migration, and 3. OFE with migration of both gingiva and alveolar bone. (4) Conclusions: The current state of the evidence suggests that OFE is a feasible pre-treatment option for non-restorable permanent teeth. OFE can promote the migration of tooth surrounding hard and soft tissues in the esthetic zone. Root resorption does not seem to be a relevant side effect of OFE.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Etiological Factors of Dental Trauma among 12- and 15-Year-Old Schoolchildren of Lebanon: A National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chirine Abdel Malak ◽  
Carole Chakar ◽  
Alain Romanos ◽  
Samar Rachidi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Background. Traumatic dental injuries represent nearly 5% of children and adolescents’ injuries leading to serious medical and psychological issues. This current study aims to evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma and its potential association with different predisposing factors among 12-and 15-year-old schoolchildren in Lebanon. Materials and Methods. 7902 schoolchildren, 3806 male and 4096 female aged 12 years (n = 3985) and 15 years (n = 3917), were recruited by a stratified multistaged randomized cluster sampling method from public and private schools and were clinically examined in a national cross-sectional study. WHO criteria were used to assess anterior permanent teeth; the nature of trauma, the tooth involved, the size of the incisal overjet, and the type of the lip coverage were furthermore assessed. Data regarding age, sex, and causes of TDI were recorded through a structured questionnaire. Results. The prevalence of dental trauma to anterior teeth was 10.9%. Maxillary central incisors (83.7%) were commonly affected. The most common type of injury was enamel fracture (68.3%), falls being the main reason (52.5%). Increased overjet (OR = 2.32, p  = 0.034), deficient lip coverage (OR = 5.73, p  = 0.019), and gender (OR = 5.36, p  ≤ 0.001) were significant predisposing factors for dental trauma. Conclusion. This research highlighted many predisposing factors for dental trauma that affect commonly the anterior teeth. Based on these results, the implementation of strategic preventive measurements targeting especially the identified risk groups remains crucial.

Dental trauma: part 2. Managing poor prognosis anterior teeth – treatment options for the subsequent space in a growing patient

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F Day ◽  
Susan A Kindelan ◽  
James R Spencer ◽  
Jay D Kindelan ◽  
Monty S Duggal
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Anterior Teeth

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of a Severely Worn Dentition with Partial Lithium-disilicate Glass Ceramic Restorations: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ece İrem Oğuz ◽  
Semih Berksun
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Occlusal Vertical Dimension ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Laminate Veneers

Rehabilitation of worn dentition is a challenging task because several predisposing factors may be included in the pathogenesis. The treatment options and process should be carefully considered based on the clinical condition and patients’ requirements. This case report represents the esthetic rehabilitation of a 68-year-old patient who exhibited severely worn teeth caused by attrition and erosion. After clinical evaluation, 3 mm increase in occlusal vertical dimension was planned with partial lithium-disilicate ceramic restorations as laminate veneers for anterior teeth and vonlays (onlays with veneer extentions) for posterior teeth in maxilla. The adaptation of the patient to the increased occlusal vertical dimension was tested for 1 month by provisional direct composite restorations. As the patient did not show any discomfort, definitive restorations were completed. The patient was satisfied with the esthetics and functionality of her new dentition.

scholarly journals Endodontic Management of Traumatised Permanent Anterior Teeth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Jillian M. Phillips ◽  
Catherine T. McCann ◽  
Richard Welbury
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Traumatised permanent anterior teeth can require endodontic treatment which may be immediate as part of acute trauma management, or delayed due to the development of sequelae. This paper will enable clinical decision making by exploring a range of situations in which endodontic treatment may be indicated, and also offer practical advice regarding effective endodontic treatment for paediatric dental trauma patients. Endodontic treatment of traumatised permanent teeth in paediatric patients is often challenging. However, with timely decision making and appropriate treatment, these teeth can often last throughout childhood and adolescence thus ensuring that a young patient does not have the social burden of a missing tooth and needing a prosthesis, and has the maximum restorative options available to them as they enter adulthood.

scholarly journals Non-Vital Root Submergence for Preservation of Socket in an Adolescent - A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 1448-1450
Author(s):  
Neeta S. Padmawar ◽  
Rachita G. Mustilwar ◽  
Viddyasagar P. Mopagar ◽  
Sourabh R. Joshi ◽  
Vinay H. Vadvadgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Fracture Line ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Crown Root

Complex crown root fracture has been reported to be 5 % among the traumatic injuries to permanent teeth. In children, when fracture line extended sub gingivally, the treatment option remained was the extraction of tooth. This extraction led to alveolar bone loss and compromised the outcome of final prosthesis. Root submergence is one of the treatments options which can prevent bone loss and prepare future pontic site in a better way. In children, this technique can prevent not only bone loss but also the occurrence of space loss and development of tongue thrusting habit. Crown-root fracture is defined as a fracture involving enamel, dentin and cementum. It is reported in about 5 % of dental trauma to young children where root completion has not occurred.1 Treatment of these complex tooth fractures in aesthetic zone in growing age is always challenging for the paedodontists. The treatment should not interfere with the growth and development. Depending upon the extension of the fracture line which can result in exposure of the pulpal tissue, the crown-root fracture can be divided into two groups: complicated and uncomplicated. 2 Treatment options in cases of complicated crownroot fractures are complex, and require a multidisciplinary approach. Dental traumatology guideline and American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry has suggested fragment reattachment, orthodontic or surgical extrusion of apical portion followed by post placement, root submergence and extraction. 3 Factors like extension and direction of fracture line, pulpal involvement, tooth maturity and the length of root remaining in the alveolus govern the treatment choice. 4,5 Among above mentioned factors, position of facture line is the most important. As in case of subgingival facture line, risk of bacterial contamination is present and further this may result in gingival inflammation.6 When crown root fracture to permanent tooth occurs in mixed dentition period, goals of treatment are to preserve the tooth in arch without disturbing the growth & development of root and arch. But in case of complicated crown root fracture, when extraction is the only choice of treatment, future complications like space loss, crowding, habits like tongue thrusting and importantly loss of alveolar bone height should be kept in mind. Goals of treatment plan in such cases should be elimination of space loss, development of deleterious habit and maintenance of alveolar ridge for future pontic or implant site. Root submergence is the technique with which we can achieve these goals, keeping this in mind this case was planned and reported.

scholarly journals Relationship between Initial Attendance after Dental Trauma and Development of External Inflammatory Root Resorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Farias Rocha Lima ◽  
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva ◽  
Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes ◽  
José Flávio Affonso de Almeida ◽  
Alexandre Augusto Zaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Delay In Seeking Treatment

Abstract This clinical study aimed to evaluate the relationship of the delay between dental trauma and the initial attendance to the development of external inflammatory root resorption in permanent teeth affected by severe luxation. Sixty-seven patients, aged between 11 and 56 years, presenting 133 injured teeth with closed apex (56 extrusive luxation, 69 lateral luxation and 8 intrusive luxation) were followed up for a minimum of 24 months. The time elapsed between dental trauma and the initial attendance was recorded. The presence of necrotic pulp and external inflammatory resorption for each type of trauma was verified. Fisher’s exact test was used to verify the influence of the initial attendance date at the Dental Trauma Center and the development of inflammatory resorption (p<0.05). The odds ratio was used to check the risk of developing external inflammatory resorption due to delay in seeking treatment. Pulp necrosis was observed in 105 teeth (78.9%) and external inflammatory resorption was detected in 17.8% cases of extrusive luxation (10 teeth), 15.9% of lateral luxation (11 teeth) and 25% of intrusive luxation (2 teeth). For lateral luxation, extended delay between the date of injury and initial attendance influenced the occurrence of external inflammatory resorption (p=0.0174). Patients who began treatment 45 days after the injury were 3.4 times more likely to develop external inflammatory resorption than patients who sought treatment after the trauma. Treatment late after the occurrence of dental trauma can impair the prognosis and result in the development of external inflammatory resorption in luxated teeth.

The Emergency Treatment of Traumatised Permanent Anterior Teeth in Children and Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Catherine T Mccann ◽  
Richard R Welbury
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Timely Referral

This article aims to provide a practical clinician's guide to assessing and diagnosing dental trauma involving permanent teeth in children and young people, and for carrying out appropriate, guideline supported acute management. Timely referral to specialist paediatric dental services is crucial in more complex trauma presentations and will lead to improved outcomes for the dentition. Appropriate acute management by the primary clinician optimises the prognosis of any traumatised tooth and this article will focus on the emergency treatment of the traumatised permanent tooth.

scholarly journals Assessment of Retention and Resistance Form of Tooth Preparations for All Ceramic Restorations using Digital Imaging Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Alex M Muruppel ◽  
Dinesh Nair ◽  
Joyce Thomas ◽  
Sudeep Saratchandran ◽  
Sheeba Gladstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Resistance Form ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Aim This in vitro study evaluated the resistance form of die preparations for all ceramic restorations and, thereby, explored the concept of effective taper and its correlation between the ideal in theory and actual in the clinical situation by analyzing the digital images of the die preparations. Materials and methods Scanned digital images of 114 die preparations for all ceramic restorations (n = 114) were collected from a dental laboratory. All the images were also analyzed digitally using Adobe Photoshop® software to analyze the degree of taper (angle of convergence) of each preparation and then applied the Zuckerman's circle, and the Lewis perpendicular methods were used to measure the resistance form. Results For the current study, the overall average degree of taper was found to be 20.9° (range, 2—80°), which is more than what is recommended by most previous studies and also sharply greater than the textbook ideal of 3 to 6°. Mean degree of taper for maxillary was 17.56° (anterior—10.50°, posterior—23.7°), and for mandibular teeth, it was 25.22° (anterior—15°, posterior—28.45°). Out of the 64 analyzed images of maxillary teeth, 61 presented resistance form, while 3 were without it. Out of the 50 mandibular teeth analyzed, 38 possessed resistance form, whereas 12 were without. All the anterior teeth showed resistance form irrespective of the arch. Conclusion The degree of taper showed a significant relationship with resistance and retention form, which was inversely proportional to each other. The recommended “degree of taper” is not always the clinically achievable as advocated in textbooks, as it is modified by various factors in the actual clinical situation. Clinical significance The study provides scientific background regarding the relationship between the degree of taper with resistance and retention form, and the relationship was found to be inversely proportional to each other. The recommended “degree of taper” is not always the clinically achievable as advocated in textbooks, and it is modified by various modifying or limiting factors in the actual clinical situation. How to cite this article Muruppel AM, Thomas J, Saratchandran S, Nair D, Gladstone S, Rajeev MM. Assessment of Retention and Resistance Form of Tooth Preparations for All Ceramic Restorations using Digital Imaging Technique. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):143-149.

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