scholarly journals Prevalence and Etiological Factors of Dental Trauma among 12- and 15-Year-Old Schoolchildren of Lebanon: A National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chirine Abdel Malak ◽  
Carole Chakar ◽  
Alain Romanos ◽  
Samar Rachidi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Background. Traumatic dental injuries represent nearly 5% of children and adolescents’ injuries leading to serious medical and psychological issues. This current study aims to evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma and its potential association with different predisposing factors among 12-and 15-year-old schoolchildren in Lebanon. Materials and Methods. 7902 schoolchildren, 3806 male and 4096 female aged 12 years (n = 3985) and 15 years (n = 3917), were recruited by a stratified multistaged randomized cluster sampling method from public and private schools and were clinically examined in a national cross-sectional study. WHO criteria were used to assess anterior permanent teeth; the nature of trauma, the tooth involved, the size of the incisal overjet, and the type of the lip coverage were furthermore assessed. Data regarding age, sex, and causes of TDI were recorded through a structured questionnaire. Results. The prevalence of dental trauma to anterior teeth was 10.9%. Maxillary central incisors (83.7%) were commonly affected. The most common type of injury was enamel fracture (68.3%), falls being the main reason (52.5%). Increased overjet (OR = 2.32, p  = 0.034), deficient lip coverage (OR = 5.73, p  = 0.019), and gender (OR = 5.36, p  ≤ 0.001) were significant predisposing factors for dental trauma. Conclusion. This research highlighted many predisposing factors for dental trauma that affect commonly the anterior teeth. Based on these results, the implementation of strategic preventive measurements targeting especially the identified risk groups remains crucial.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anterior Traumatic Dental Injuries among Children Aged 12-15 Years in Dera Bassi Region, Punjab, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Kanu Bedi ◽  
Kawarpal Kaur ◽  
Jaskirat Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries

INTRODUCTION: Tooth trauma, may result in unnecessary pain and an increased burden in the society, apart from increased costs of dental treatmentAIM: To assess the prevalence of trauma of anterior teeth (both maxillary and mandibular) among school going children aged 12-15 years in Dera Bassi Region, Punjab, IndiaMATERIALS AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study employed a convenience sampling among 415 school-going children (both public and private schools) aged 12-15 years with the help of a pre-tested, pre-validated questionnaire and ADA type III examinations during the day using artificial light. The responses were recorded in a pre-structured proforma and relevant statistical tests were applied.RESULT: Dental trauma was seen in 104(25.1%) anterior teeth, while the maximum number of fractures were seen in the maxillary teeth (53%), followed by maxillary laterals (30%) while the least affected teeth were the mandibular laterals (8%). No statistical differences were seen among both the genders upon comparing the location and type of tooth fracture.CONCLUSION: Efforts should be made to educate the general population to get their tooth fracture treated as soon as possible and avoid further complications that arise with fractured teeth

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of dental caries and trauma among institutionalised and non-institutionalised street children in Ibadan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
O.E. Ayebameru ◽  
B Popoola ◽  
O Denloye
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: Urbanization is increasing the number of street children in most regions of the world especially in many African cities which may be due to poverty and unemployment status of many parents. This study was aimed at determining the predictors and prevalence of dental caries and trauma among institutionalized (those in juvenile correctional home) and non-institutionalized street children in Ibadan.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among institutionalized (juvenile correctional home) and non-institutionalized street children. Cluster sampling technique was used in the selection of children for this study. Children were selected from the juvenile correctional home and four major motor parks in Ibadan metropolis.Results: One hundred and thirty eight children participated in this study. Male constituted 65.9% while female was 34.1%. Thirty five (25.4%) are from the juvenile correctional home (institutionalized street children) while 103 (74.6%) are from the streets. The prevalence of dental caries among the children generally was 29.0%, while that of dental trauma was 18.8%.Conclusion: The significant predictors of dental caries were gender, tooth hypoplasia and the presence of visible plaque on the anterior teeth while those of dental trauma were lip competence, substance use, age and gender.Keywords: Street children, Juvenile home, Caries, Trauma

scholarly journals Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries and their relation with predisposing factors among 8-15 years old school children of Indore city, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preene Juneja ◽  
Sadanand Kulkarni ◽  
Sapna Raje
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries

Background. Dental injuries result in functional, esthetic and psychological disturbances accompanied by great concern from the child, the parent and the dentist. Oral injuries are fourth most common area of bodily injuries among 7-30 year-old individuals.Aim. a) To assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and their relation with predisposing factors among 8-15 years old school children in Indore city, India.b) To collect baseline data as there have been no reported studies of TDI in central India to this date.Methods. A cross sectional study was carried out among 4000 children of 60 schools in Indore using multistage random sampling method. Examination of permanent incisor teeth was done in accordance with the modified Elli’s and Davey Classification using a standard mouth mirror and probe. Subjects who had clinical evidence of trauma were interviewed for details of the injury event by using structured questionnaire. Chi square test was used to analyze the distribution of all the measurement in this study at the statistical significance of 0.05.Results. Among the 4000 children of 60 schools examined, 10.2% experienced TDI. 68.38% boys experienced TDI, which was approximately twice as higher in females being 31.62%. The most commonly affected teeth were maxillary central incisors. A higher number of children with incisal overjet greater than 3 mm had TDI than those with less than 3mm, although this difference was not statistically significant. Lip closure incompetence was found to be more common in subjects having a TDI. Fall was the most common cause for TDI and place of occurrence was home. Most common type of fracture was class I and most of them were untreated.Conclusion. The high level of dental trauma and low percentage of children with trauma seeking treatment stresses the need for increased awareness in Indore population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and aetiology of dental trauma in 8-14 year old school-going children of Hyderabad city, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Tanzeem Ahmed ◽  
Nikhil Kaushal ◽  
Sujeet Singh ◽  
Rashmi Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries ◽  
Type Of Fracture

Aims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence and etiology of fractured anterior teeth due to trauma among 8–14 years old school going children of Hyderabad city. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 8-14 year old children studying in various schools of Hyderabad for the assessment of traumatic injuries of anterior teeth. Clinical examination was carried out and type of teeth affected, type of fracture, overjet and lip competence were noted. A closed end questionnaire was given to children with questions regarding etiology of trauma, place of injury, symptoms or outcomes after the injury, whether a dentist was consulted, type of treatment done by dentist and time elapsed between trauma and treatment. All the results were analyzed using “statistical package for social sciences” (SPSS) 20.0 software. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was found to be 7.84%. 11-14year old children showed higher prevalence. Males were more affected than females. Maxillary central incisors were most affected. Fracture involving enamel and dentin were recorded the highest. Children having overjet of >3mm and incompetent lips were at a higher risk of dental trauma (p value = 0.001). The most common cause of injury was sports and home was the most common place of occurrence of injury. Most of the traumatic dental injuries (TDI) did not undergo any treatment. Conclusion: Increasing the awareness of the parents and teachers about the prevention of TDI and the importance of consulting the dentist after trauma should be instituted.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries to the Permanent Anterior Teeth among 9- to 14-year-old Schoolchildren of Navi Mumbai (Kharghar-Belapur Region), India

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Hegde ◽  
Geet Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries

ABSTRACT Aims and objectives To measure the prevalence of anterior teeth trauma in 9- to 14-year-old schoolchildren and their association with predisposing factors, such as lip competence, molar relationship, overjet, and variables, such as age, gender, and cause of trauma. Materials and methods Epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out among 3,012 schoolchildren aged 9 to 14 years in Navi Mumbai (Kharghar-Belapur region). The sample size was derived using the stratified random sampling method; we picked six schools from the region. These schools had 3,000 students in the acceptable age group of the study which constituted our final sample size. All children were examined for traumatic dental injuries, and the children with positive findings were further examined for lip competence, Angle's molar relationship, and overjet. The results were statistically analyzed using cross-tabulation and Chi-square test. Results The prevalence of dental injuries was 7.3%, and the ratio of male to female children was found to be 1.6:1. The maximum number of traumatic dental injuries was found with class I molar relationship and overjet less than 3.5 mm in children with competent lips. Maximum number of injuries occurred in the age group of 13–14 years. The most predominant type of injury was the enamel fracture and the most common cause determined was due to fall. Conclusion The present study is a collection of data on traumatic injuries to anterior teeth, which is seen very commonly in day-to-day practice. The frequency and cause of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth is important for identification of risk groups, treatment needs, and cost involved in order for establishing effective preventive measures. How to cite this article Hegde R, Agrawal G. Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries to the Permanent Anterior Teeth among 9- to 14-year-old Schoolchildren of Navi Mumbai (Kharghar-Belapur Region), India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):177-182.

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools.Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use.Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students.Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background : Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results : The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n=504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P<0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion : Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

Iodine Deficiency Associated with Adolescent Cognitive Performance in Endemic Iodine Deficiency Endemic Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leny Latifah ◽  
◽  
Yusi Dwi Nurcahyani ◽  
Suryati Kumorowulan ◽  
Diah Yunitawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Iodine deficiency is one of the most important public health problems in the world today, especially among children and pregnant women who are considered to be the highest-risk groups. These diseases hinder the socio-economic development of the affected areas. This study aimed to determine iodine deficiency associated with adolescent cognitive performance in endemic iodine deficiency endemic area. Subjects and Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Bulu district, Temanggung. A sample of 120 adolescents range age 11-14 years old was selected by cluster sampling. The dependent variable was Cognitive performance. The independent variable was Iodine deficiency. The data were collected by questionnaire, measurement and assessment. This study was analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: On cognitive performance. Adolescent IQs are below average (69.2%), mathematics tests (64.2%), and Indonesian language tests are below average (47.5%). A total of (30.8%) adolescents showed insufficient iodine intake, goiter enlargement (30.2%), stunting (35%), and anemia (20.8%). The linear regression model on IQ showed goiter enlargement as a factor associated with decreased IQ, even after accounting for confounding factors (p = 0.013; R2 = 0.07). Subjects with goiter enlargement had lower mean IQ (Mean = 10.32). IQ was related to Indonesian achievement (p = 0.031; R2 = 0.13), while UIE (p = 0.031), father’s education (p = 0.011), and IQ (p <0.001) were identified as factors related to math test scores (R2 = 0.23). after accounting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Iodine deficiency is negatively associated with cognitive performance in areas of endemic infested iodine deficiency. Goiter enlargement, which is an indicator of long-term iodine deficiency status, correlates with IQ. UIE, which reflects current indicators of iodine deficiency status, affects academic achievement. The cognitive impact of iodine deficiency lasts into adolescence. Therefore, ensuring adequate iodine intake in adolescents is essential to optimize their cognitive performance. Keywords: cognitive performance, iodine deficiency, early adolescence, nutrition, nutrition Correspondence: Leny Latifah. Research and Development Center for Health, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.24

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: a survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2 and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4 and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

scholarly journals Body dissatisfaction in Brazilian schoolchildren: prevalence and associated factors

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Poyastro Pinheiro ◽  
Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of body dissatisfaction and associated factors in 8- to 11-year-old schoolchildren. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including children aged 8- to 11-years enrolled in public and private schools in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, was carried out from August to December, 2001. A total of 901 subjects were selected through cluster sampling. Participants answered a questionnaire aimed at measuring body dissatisfaction and self-esteem and questions about family and social pressures on weight change. Height and weight were measured. The relationship between body dissatisfaction and the variables studied was measured by logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of body dissatisfaction was 82%. Fifty-five percent of the girls wanted a thinner body size, and 28% desired a larger one; the estimates for the boys were 43% and 38%, respectively. Children with the lowest self-esteem (OR=1.80; 95% CI: 1.13-2.89) and who thought their parents (OR=6.10; 95% CI: 2.95-12.60) and friends (OR=1.81; 95% CI: 1.02-3.20) expected them to be thinner showed a higher chance of presenting body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Body dissatisfaction was highly prevalent among the evaluated schoolchildren, especially in those with lower self-esteem and who thought their parents and friends expected them to be thinner.

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