scholarly journals Point of Care Diagnostics in the Age of COVID-19

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Meysam Rezaei ◽  
Sajad Razavi Bazaz ◽  
Sareh Zhand ◽  
Nima Sayyadi ◽  
Dayong Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Control Virus ◽  
Biosafety Level

The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated serious respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a major threat to global public health. Owing to the lack of vaccine and effective treatments, many countries have been overwhelmed with an exponential spread of the virus and surge in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Current standard diagnostic methods are inadequate for widespread testing as they suffer from prolonged turn-around times (>12 h) and mostly rely on high-biosafety-level laboratories and well-trained technicians. Point-of-care (POC) tests have the potential to vastly improve healthcare in several ways, ranging from enabling earlier detection and easier monitoring of disease to reaching remote populations. In recent years, the field of POC diagnostics has improved markedly with the advent of micro- and nanotechnologies. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, POC technologies have been rapidly innovated to address key limitations faced in existing standard diagnostic methods. This review summarizes and compares the latest available POC immunoassay, nucleic acid-based and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats- (CRISPR)-mediated tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection that we anticipate aiding healthcare facilities to control virus infection and prevent subsequent spread.

scholarly journals Rapid, reliable, and cheap point-of-care bulk testing for SARS-CoV-2 by combining hybridization capture with improved colorimetric LAMP (Cap-iLAMP)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Bokelmann ◽  
Olaf Nickel ◽  
Tomislav Maricic ◽  
Svante Paabo ◽  
Matthias Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Hybridization Capture ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
High Level

Efforts to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 have spurred the need for reliable, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic methods which can easily be applied to large numbers of people. However, current standard protocols for the detection of viral nucleic acids while sensitive, require a high level of automation, sophisticated laboratory equipment and trained personnel to achieve throughputs that allow whole communities to be tested on a regular basis. Here we present Cap-iLAMP (capture and improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification). This method combines a hybridization capture-based RNA extraction of non-invasive gargle lavage samples to concentrate samples and remove inhibitors with an improved colorimetric RT-LAMP assay and smartphone-based color scoring. Cap-iLAMP is compatible with point-of-care testing and enables the detection of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples in less than one hour. In contrast to direct addition of the sample to improved LAMP (iLAMP), Cap-iLAMP does not result in false positives and single infected samples can be detected in a pool among 25 uninfected samples, thus reducing the technical cost per test to ~1 Euro per individual.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care Diagnostic Tests for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Real-World Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Riccò ◽  
Pietro Ferraro ◽  
Giovanni Gualerzi ◽  
Silvia Ranzieri ◽  
Brandon Michael Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for a highly contagious infection, known as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 was discovered in late December 2019 and, since then, has become a global pandemic. Timely and accurate COVID-19 laboratory testing is an essential step in the management of the COVID-19 outbreak. To date, assays based on the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in respiratory samples are the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. Unfortunately, RT-PCR has several practical limitations. Consequently, alternative diagnostic methods are urgently required, both for alleviating the pressure on laboratories and healthcare facilities and for expanding testing capacity to enable large-scale screening and ensure a timely therapeutic intervention. To date, few studies have been conducted concerning the potential utilization of rapid testing for COVID-19, with some conflicting results. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to explore the feasibility of rapid diagnostic tests in the management of the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on ten studies, we computed a pooled sensitivity of 64.8% (95%CI 54.5–74.0), and specificity of 98.0% (95%CI 95.8–99.0), with high heterogeneity and risk of reporting bias. We can conclude that: (1) rapid diagnostic tests for COVID-19 are necessary, but should be adequately sensitive and specific; (2) few studies have been carried out to date; (3) the studies included are characterized by low numbers and low sample power, and (4) in light of these results, the use of available tests is currently questionable for clinical purposes and cannot substitute other more reliable molecular tests, such as assays based on RT-PCR.

scholarly journals Recent Advances Towards Point-Of-Care Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Quarin ◽  
Pietro Strobbia
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering ◽  
Sers Sensing

The ability to accurately diagnose at the point of care is crucial in many pathologies. However, current standard diagnostic practices can only be performed in specialized health or laboratory settings. To move diagnostic methods from a specialized lab to the point of care many alternate methods have been developed and proposed. Among them surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing offers advantageous features, such as simultaneous detection of multiple biotargets and increased accuracy. Many groups have been working towards the translation of SERS sensing methods from the lab to the point of need. In this mini review, we discuss interesting and recent developments in this effort, focusing on how different sensing mechanism can be used in point-of-care testing applications of SERS.

scholarly journals Point-of-care bulk testing for SARS-CoV-2 by combining hybridization capture with improved colorimetric LAMP

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Bokelmann ◽  
Olaf Nickel ◽  
Tomislav Maricic ◽  
Svante Pääbo ◽  
Matthias Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Hybridization Capture ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
High Level

AbstractEfforts to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 have spurred the need for reliable, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic methods which can be applied to large numbers of people. However, current standard protocols for the detection of viral nucleic acids while sensitive, require a high level of automation and sophisticated laboratory equipment to achieve throughputs that allow whole communities to be tested on a regular basis. Here we present Cap-iLAMP (capture and improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification) which combines a hybridization capture-based RNA extraction of gargle lavage samples with an improved colorimetric RT-LAMP assay and smartphone-based color scoring. Cap-iLAMP is compatible with point-of-care testing and enables the detection of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples in less than one hour. In contrast to direct addition of the sample to improved LAMP (iLAMP), Cap-iLAMP prevents false positives and allows single positive samples to be detected in pools of 25 negative samples, reducing the reagent cost per test to ~1 Euro per individual.

scholarly journals Combining Point-of-Care Diagnostics and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Mattia Gentile ◽  
Ching-Fen Shen ◽  
Chao-Min Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Internet Of Medical Things

The current standard testing method for screening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is through reverse real-time PCR assay (rRT-PCR), a common molecular-based assay that requires an average of four to six hours to provide results [...]

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Buruli Ulcer Disease: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Sakyi ◽  
Samuel Y. Aboagye ◽  
Isaac Darko Otchere ◽  
Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Buruli Ulcer ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Ulcerans ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Background.Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing cutaneous infection caused byMycobacterium ulcerans.Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent morbid effects and misuse of drugs. We review developments in laboratory diagnosis of BU, discuss limitations of available diagnostic methods, and give a perspective on the potential of using aptamers as point-of-care.Methods.Information for this review was searched through PubMed, web of knowledge, and identified data up to December 2015. References from relevant articles and reports from WHO Annual Meeting of the Global Buruli Ulcer initiative were also used. Finally, 59 articles were used.Results.The main laboratory methods for BU diagnosis are microscopy, culture, PCR, and histopathology. Microscopy and PCR are used routinely for diagnosis. PCR targetingIS2404is the gold standard for laboratory confirmation. Culture remains the only method that detects viable bacilli, used for diagnosing relapse and accrued isolates for epidemiological investigation as well as monitoring drug resistance. Laboratory confirmation is done at centers distant from endemic communities reducing confirmation to a quality assurance.Conclusions. Current efforts aimed at developing point-of-care diagnostics are saddled with major drawbacks; we, however, postulate that selection of aptamers against MU target can be used as point of care.

scholarly journals Organizational challenges in the management of point-of-care diagnostics in healthcare facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Kachler ◽  
Christiane Maschek
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Competence Management ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Practice Implementation

AbstractThis text is a synopsis of the “Seminar on Organizational Aspects of POCT Management” which was part of the 4th Munich POCT symposium 2019. The session was chaired in part 1 by Christiane Maschek (Berlin) and Anke Urban (Ludwigshafen), and in part 2 by Barbara Oschwald-Häg (Offenburg) and Marco Kachler (Klagenfurt/AT). The seminar was held in German in order to allow non-English-speaking medical technicians the full understanding of the presented contents. Part 1: Nice to Know – Challenges for networking POCT systems (Michaela Markhoff, Hamburg). Best Practice – Implementation of POCT in a hospital without central lab services (Jennifer Planz, Essen). Best Practice – Benefits of the POCT commission demonstrated using the example of implementing glucose POCT devices (Barbara Oschwald-Häg, Offenburg). Part 2: Best Practice – Challenges of a group-wide implementation of a POCT competence management (Sandra Mütze, Berlin). Nice to Know – Learning from mistakes in preanalytics (Reno Konzack, Berlin). New IFCC recommendation for checking reference intervals (Harald Maier, Altötting).

Membrane Technology for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Parasitic Neglected Tropical Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine J. Rogers ◽  
Donald P. McManus ◽  
Stephen Muhi ◽  
Catherine A. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics

Parasitic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect over one billion people worldwide, with individuals from communities in low socioeconomic areas being most at risk suffering the most. Disease management programs are hindered by the lack of infrastructure and resources for clinical sample collection, storage, transport, and a dearth of sensitive diagnostic methods that are inexpensive as well as accurate.

Updating Zika Diagnostic Methods: The Point-of-Care Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Burciaga-Flores ◽  
Marissa Reyes-Galeana ◽  
Tanya A. Camacho-Villegas ◽  
Abel Gutiérrez-Ortega ◽  
Darwin E. Elizondo-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Care Approach
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