scholarly journals Electrically Controlled Neurochemical Delivery from Microelectrodes for Focal and Transient Modulation of Cellular Behavior

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Chao Tan ◽  
Neetu Kushwah ◽  
Xinyan Tracy Cui
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
Endothelial Cell Cultures

Electrically controlled drug delivery of neurochemicals and biomolecules from conducting polymer microelectrode coatings hold great potentials in dissecting neural circuit or treating neurological disorders with high spatial and temporal resolution. The direct doping of a drug into a conducting polymer often results in low loading capacity, and the type of molecule that can be released is limited. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with sulfonated silica nanoparticles (SNP) has been developed as a more versatile platform for drug delivery. In this work, we demonstrate that neurochemicals with different surface charge, e.g., glutamate (GLU), gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), 6,7-Dinitroquinoxaline- 2,3-dione (DNQX) and bicuculline, can be, respectively, incorporated into the SNP and electrically triggered to release repeatedly. The drug loaded SNPs were incorporated in PEDOT via electrochemical deposition on platinum microelectrodes. After PEDOT/SNP(drug) coating, the charge storage capacity (CSC) increased 10-fold to 55 ± 3 mC/cm2, and the impedance at 1 kHz was also reduced approximately 6-fold. With the aid of a porous SNP, the loading capacity and number of releases of GLU was increased >4-fold and 66-fold, respectively, in comparison to the direct doping of PEDOT with GLU (PEDOT/GLU). The focal release of GLU and GABA from a PEDOT/SNP (drug) coated microelectrode were tested in cultured neurons using Ca imaging. The change in fluo-4 fluorescence intensity after electrically triggered GLU (+6.7 ± 2.9%) or GABA (−6.8 ± 1.6%) release indicated the successful modulation of neural activities by neurotransmitter release. In addition to activating neural activities, glutamate can also act on endothelial cells to stimulate nitric oxide (NO) release. A dual functional device with two adjacent sensing and releasing electrodes was constructed and we tested this mechanism in endothelial cell cultures. In endothelial cells, approximately 7.6 ± 0.6 nM NO was detected in the vicinity of the NO sensor within 6.2 ± 0.5 s of GLU release. The rise time of NO signal, T0–100, was 14.5 ± 2.2 s. In summary, our work has demonstrated (1) a platform that is capable of loading and releasing drugs with different charges; (2) proof of concept demonstrations of how focal release of drugs can be used as a pharmacological manipulation to study neural circuitry or NO’s effect on endothelial cells.

scholarly journals 3D high-density microelectrode array with optical stimulation and drug delivery for investigating neural circuit dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyogeun Shin ◽  
Sohyeon Jeong ◽  
Ju-Hyun Lee ◽  
Woong Sun ◽  
Nakwon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
High Density ◽  
Optical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Neural Activities

AbstractInvestigation of neural circuit dynamics is crucial for deciphering the functional connections among regions of the brain and understanding the mechanism of brain dysfunction. Despite the advancements of neural circuit models in vitro, technologies for both precisely monitoring and modulating neural activities within three-dimensional (3D) neural circuit models have yet to be developed. Specifically, no existing 3D microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have integrated capabilities to stimulate surrounding neurons and to monitor the temporal evolution of the formation of a neural network in real time. Herein, we present a 3D high-density multifunctional MEA with optical stimulation and drug delivery for investigating neural circuit dynamics within engineered 3D neural tissues. We demonstrate precise measurements of synaptic latencies in 3D neural networks. We expect our 3D multifunctional MEA to open up opportunities for studies of neural circuits through precise, in vitro investigations of neural circuit dynamics with 3D brain models.

Influence of Supramolecular Chiral Hydrogel on Cellular Behavior of Endothelial Cells Under High-Glucose-Induced Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Weijie Cai ◽  
Musha Hamushan ◽  
Changli Zhao ◽  
Pengfei Cheng ◽  
Wanrun Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Cellular Behavior

Differential roles of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in polymorphonuclear leukocyte-induced angiogenesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (4) ◽  
pp. C917-C925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Yasuda ◽  
Shunichi Shimizu ◽  
Kyoko Ohhinata ◽  
Shinji Naito ◽  
Shogo Tokuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Cell Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Angiogenesis

Ets-1, which stimulates metalloproteinase gene transcription, has a key role in angiogenesis. We first examined whether activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) enhanced angiogenesis through the induction of Ets-1. Addition of activated PMNs to endothelial cells stimulated both in vitro angiogenesis in collagen gel and Ets-1 expression. Both angiogenesis and Ets-1 expression induced by PMNs were reduced by ets-1 antisense oligonucleotide, suggesting that Ets-1 is an important factor in PMN-induced angiogenesis. Although intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and E-selectin are involved in PMN-induced angiogenesis, the mechanisms underlying their roles in angiogenesis have yet to be elucidated. PMN-induced Ets-1 expression was reduced by a monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1 but not E-selectin despite the inhibition of PMN-induced angiogenesis by both antibodies. Moreover, the stimulation of angiogenesis by H2O2without PMNs was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody to E-selectin but not ICAM-1. These findings suggested that ICAM-1 in endothelial cells may act as a signaling receptor to induce Ets-1 expression, whereas E-selectin seems to function in the formation of tubelike structures in vascular endothelial cell cultures.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Stearic Acid-Beclomethasone Dipropionate Conjugates with the Potential for Improving Loading Capacity in Lipid-based Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishuai Dang ◽  
Zhengwei Huang ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Xin Pan ◽  
Chuanbin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Beclomethasone Dipropionate ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Pulmonary Delivery ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Technology Platform ◽  
New Type ◽  
Model Drug

<p>Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNs) are a new type of nanoparticulate drug delivery system, which have been gradually shown broad prospects in pulmonary drug delivery systems. However, the main disadvantage of these LBNs for inhalable drugs with limited lipophilicity is the low encapsulation capacity. Herein, this study anticipates establishing a technology platform to improve the loading capacity of low lipophilicity drugs in LBNs, for the therapy of lung diseases. A proof-of-concept was carried out using Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) as a model drug. BDP was conjugated with stearic acid (SA), a kind of the lipid matrix for LBN. The conjugate was characterized and the interactions between the conjugate and SA were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. It is expected that the drug loading capacity of weak-lipophilic drugs in LBN can be increased by establishing the technology platform, and the application of LBNs in pulmonary delivery can be broadened.</p>

Metal–organic frameworks: a universal strategy towards super-elastic hydrogels

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2263-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaizhi Liu ◽  
Hao Peng ◽  
Yumeng Xin ◽  
Jiuyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organic Framework

We reported for the first time using metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles as effective nanofillers to significantly enhance the mechanical performance of hydrogels. The MOF hydrogels have been developed for drug delivery materials with high loading capacity and much extended drug releasing profiles.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of magnetic chitosan microspheres for drug delivery

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 7163-7169
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Danlin Zeng ◽  
Ping Ke ◽  
Guanghui Wang ◽  
Dengke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Microemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Magnetic Microsphere ◽  
Magnetic Chitosan Microspheres ◽  
Protein Drug Delivery

A novel magnetic microsphere was prepared by the simple microemulsion polymerization for protein drug delivery systems. This magnetic microsphere exhibited good magnetism and superior drug loading capacity and evident sustained-release performance.

Isolation, Partial Purification and Characterisation of A Plasminogen Activator Produced by Endothelial Cells in Vitro

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. Laug
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Diisopropyl Fluorophosphate ◽  
Cell Lysate ◽  
Endothelial Cell Cultures ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Confluent Endothelial Cell

Cloned endothelial cells obtained from the aorta of 1-2 day old calves produced high fibrinolytic activity, which was 90% dependent upon the presence of plasminogen when grown on 125 I fibrin coated dishes. High plasminogen-dependent proteolytic activity was also demonstrated in the cell lysate and in the culture medium of the cells. The production and secretion of this prtitease were found to increase during the log phase of cell growth and to reach a maximum at con fluency. Thereafter they remained constantly high. This protease, partially purified from the culture medium of confluent endothelial cell cultures, is aiginine specific and activates plasminogen by piOteolytic cleavage to plasmin. Its proteolytic activity which is highest in the pH range of 7.5 to 8.0 is irreversibly inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, suggesting that it is a serine protease. The molecular weight of this protease is approximately S2000.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antitumor Activity of Dual-Targeting Drug Delivery System Based on Modified Magnetic Carbon by Folate

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jinglei Du ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Shicai Wang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Folate Receptor ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Dual Targeting

A dual-targeting drug delivery system (DTDDS) with magnetic targeting and active targeting was obtained to improve the targeting and drug-loading capacity of magnetic drug nanocarriers. An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and flow cytometry were used to investigate the drug-loading and release capacity, cytotoxicity, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, separately. Results show that DTDDS has obvious magnetic characteristics, on which the modification amount of folic acid is 64.82 mg g-1. Doxorubicin was taken as a template drug to evaluate its drug-loading capacity, which was as high as 577.12 mg g-1. Good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity of DTDDS were further confirmed. Moreover, DTDDS can target the folate receptor on the surface of HeLa cells and deliver doxorubicin into HeLa cells, thereby increasing the proliferation inhibition for cancer cells. Therefore, this new dual-targeting drug delivery system shows potential in significantly reducing the toxic side effects of chemotherapy and improving chemotherapy efficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document