scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of CBL-CIPK Gene Family in Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and the Role of AcCBL1 in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslam ◽  
Fakher ◽  
Jakada ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Abiotic Stimuli ◽  
Sensor Proteins ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity ◽  
Different Tissues

Ca2+ serves as a ubiquitous second messenger regulating several aspects of plant growth and development. A group of unique calcium sensor proteins, calcineurin B-like (CBL), interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) to decode the Ca2+ signature inside the cell. Although CBL-CIPK signaling toolkit has been shown to play significant roles in the responses to numerous stresses in different plants, the information about pineapple CBL-CIPK remains obscure. In the present study, a total of eight AcCBL and 21 AcCIPK genes were identified genome-wide in pineapple. The identified genes were renamed on the basis of gene ID in ascending order and phylogenetic analysis divided into five groups. Transcriptomic data analysis showed that AcCBL and AcCIPK genes were expressed differentially in different tissues. Further, the expression analysis of AcCBL1 in different tissues showed significant changes under various abiotic stimuli. Additionally, the ectopic expression of AcCBL1 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced tolerance to salinity, osmotic, and fungal stress. The present study revealed the crucial contribution of the CBL-CIPK gene in various biological and physiological processes in pineapple.

scholarly journals TheYABBYGenes of Leaf and Leaf-Like Organ Polarity in Leafless PlantMonotropa hypopitys

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Shchennikova ◽  
Marya A. Slugina ◽  
Alexey V. Beletsky ◽  
Mikhail A. Filyushin ◽  
Andrey A. Mardanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Lateral Organs ◽  
Monotropa Hypopitys ◽  
Different Tissues

Monotropa hypopitysis a mycoheterotrophic, nonphotosynthetic plant acquiring nutrients from the roots of autotrophic trees through mycorrhizal symbiosis, and, similar to other extant plants, forming asymmetrical lateral organs during development. The members of the YABBY family of transcription factors are important players in the establishment of leaf and leaf-like organ polarity in plants. This is the first report on the identification ofYABBYgenes in a mycoheterotrophic plant devoid of aboveground vegetative organs. SevenM. hypopitys YABBYmembers were identified and classified into four clades. By structural analysis of putative encoded proteins, we confirmed the presence of YABBY-defining conserved domains and identified novel clade-specific motifs. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of different tissues revealedMhyYABBYtranscriptional patterns, which were similar to those of orthologousYABBYgenes from other angiosperms. These data should contribute to the understanding of the role of theYABBYgenes in the regulation of developmental and physiological processes in achlorophyllous leafless plants.

Role of myristoylation in the intracellular targeting of neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. O'Callaghan ◽  
R.D. Burgoyne
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
Calcium Sensor ◽  
Calcium Signals ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Neuronal Calcium Sensor ◽  
Intracellular Targeting ◽  
Sensor Proteins

The control of the intracellular localization of NCS (neuronal calcium sensor) proteins is of importance for their ability to respond appropriately to differing calcium signals. We examine the localization of three NCS proteins: NCS-1, KChIP-1 (potassium-channel-interacting protein 1) and hippocalcin. Additionally, the [Ca2+] dependency of the calcium-induced translocation of hippocalcin is investigated. The implications of the differential targeting of these proteins on calcium signal interpretation are considered.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and biochemical characterization of calcineurin B-like calcium sensor proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (10) ◽  
pp. 1879-1892
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Komal Sharma ◽  
Akhilesh K. Yadav ◽  
Kajal Kanchan ◽  
Madhu Baghel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Calcineurin B ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Sensor Proteins

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is involved in the regulation of diverse biological functions through association with several proteins that enable them to respond to abiotic and biotic stresses. Though Ca2+-dependent signaling has been implicated in the regulation of several physiological processes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Ca2+ sensor proteins are not characterized completely. C. reinhardtii has diverged from land plants lineage, but shares many common genes with animals, particularly those encoding proteins of the eukaryotic flagellum (or cilium) along with the basal body. Calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, is an important effector of Ca2+ signaling in animals, while calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) play an important role in Ca2+ sensing and signaling in plants. The present study led to the identification of 13 novel CBL-like Ca2+ sensors in C. reinhardtii genome. One of the archetypical genes of the newly identified candidate, CrCBL-like1 was characterized. The ability of CrCBL-like1 protein to sense as well as bind Ca2+ were validated using two-step Ca2+-binding kinetics. The CrCBL-like1 protein localized around the plasma membrane, basal bodies and in flagella, and interacted with voltage-gated Ca2+ channel protein present abundantly in the flagella, indicating its involvement in the regulation of the Ca2+ concentration for flagellar movement. The CrCBL-like1 transcript and protein expression were also found to respond to abiotic stresses, suggesting its involvement in diverse physiological processes. Thus, the present study identifies novel Ca2+ sensors and sheds light on key players involved in Ca2+signaling in C. reinhardtii, which could further be extrapolated to understand the evolution of Ca2+ mediated signaling in other eukaryotes.

scholarly journals Detect Genomic G-Quadruplexes in Living Animal Cells with a Tiny Artificial Protein Probe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-wei Zheng ◽  
Jia-yu Zhang ◽  
Yi-de He ◽  
Jia-yuan Gong ◽  
Cui-jiao Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Molecular Devices ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
Artificial Protein ◽  
Important Drug

ABSTRACTG-quadruplex (G4) structures formed by guanine-rich nucleic acids are implicated in essential physiological processes and serve as important drug targets. The genome-wide detection of G4s in living cells is important for exploring the biological role of G4s but has not yet been achieved due to the lack of a suitable G4 probe. We engineered a 6.7 kDa G4 probe (G4P) protein that binds G4s with high affinity and specificity. We used it to capture G4s in living human, mouse, and chicken cells with the ChIP-Seq technology, yielding genome-wide landscape as well as details on the positions, frequencies, and sequence identities of G4 formation in these cells. Our results indicate that transcription is accompanied by a robust formation of G4s in genes. In human cells, we detected up to >123,000 G4 peaks, of which >1/3 had a fold increase of ≥5 and were present in >60% promoters and ~70% genes. Being much smaller than a scFv antibody (27 kDa) or even a nanobody (12-15 kDa), we expect that the G4P may find diverse applications in biology, medicine, and molecular devices as a G4 affinity agent.

scholarly journals Overview on the Different Patterns of Tumor Vascularization

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Domenico Ribatti ◽  
Francesco Pezzella
Keyword(s):  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Tumor Vascularization ◽  
Angiogenic Therapy ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽  
Therapeutic Development

Angiogenesis is a crucial event in the physiological processes of embryogenesis and wound healing. During malignant transformation, dysregulation of angiogenesis leads to the formation of a vascular network of tumor-associated capillaries promoting survival and proliferation of the tumor cells. Starting with the hypothesis formulated by Judah Folkman that tumor growth is angiogenesis-dependent, this area of research has a solid scientific foundation and inhibition of angiogenesis is a major area of therapeutic development for the treatment of cancer. Over this period numerous authors published data of vascularization of tumors, which attributed the cause of neo-vascularization to various factors including inflammation, release of angiogenic cytokines, vasodilatation, and increased tumor metabolism. More recently, it has been demonstrated that tumor vasculature is not necessarily derived by endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting of new capillaries, but alternative vascularization mechanisms have been described, namely vascular co-option and vasculogenic mimicry. In this article, we have analyzed the mechanisms involved in tumor vascularization in association with classical angiogenesis, including post-natal vasculogenesis, intussusceptive microvascular growth, vascular co-option, and vasculogenic mimicry. We have also discussed the role of these alternative mechanism in resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy and potential therapeutic approaches to overcome resistance.

scholarly journals Pannexins and Connexins: Their Relevance for Oocyte Developmental Competence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5918
Author(s):  
Paweł Kordowitzki ◽  
Gabriela Sokołowska ◽  
Marta Wasielak-Politowska ◽  
Agnieszka Skowronska ◽  
Mariusz T. Skowronski
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Protein Group ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

The oocyte is the major determinant of embryo developmental competence in all mammalian species. Although fundamental advances have been generated in the field of reproductive medicine and assisted reproductive technologies in the past three decades, researchers and clinicians are still trying to elucidate molecular factors and pathways, which could be pivotal for the oocyte’s developmental competence. The cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix communications are crucial not only for oocytes but also for multicellular organisms in general. This latter mentioned communication is among others possibly due to the Connexin and Pannexin families of large-pore forming channels. Pannexins belong to a protein group of ATP-release channels, therefore of high importance for the oocyte due to its requirements of high energy supply. An increasing body of studies on Pannexins provided evidence that these channels not only play a role during physiological processes of an oocyte but also during pathological circumstances which could lead to the development of diseases or infertility. Connexins are proteins that form membrane channels and gap-junctions, and more precisely, these proteins enable the exchange of some ions and molecules, and therefore they do play a fundamental role in the communication between the oocyte and accompanying cells. Herein, the role of Pannexins and Connexins for the processes of oogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation and fertilization will be discussed and, at the end of this review, Pannexin and Connexin related pathologies and their impact on the developmental competence of oocytes will be provided.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Long Noncoding RNAs Involved in Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Weiran Zheng ◽  
Haichao Hu ◽  
Qisen Lu ◽  
Peng Jin ◽  
Linna Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Chinese Wheat

Recent studies have shown that a large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate various biological processes in animals and plants. Although lncRNAs have been identified in many plants, they have not been reported in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Particularly, the role of lncRNAs in plant virus infection remains unknown. In this study, we identified lncRNAs in N. benthamiana response to Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection by RNA sequencing. A total of 1175 lncRNAs, including 65 differentially expressed lncRNAs, were identified during CWMV infection. We then analyzed the functions of some of these differentially expressed lncRNAs. Interestingly, one differentially expressed lncRNA, XLOC_006393, was found to participate in CWMV infection as a precursor to microRNAs in N. benthamiana. These results suggest that lncRNAs play an important role in the regulatory network of N. benthamiana in response to CWMV infection.

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