scholarly journals Fabrication and In Vitro Characterization of Bioactive Glass/Nano Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Sunandhakumari ◽  
Arun Vidhyadharan ◽  
Aneesh Alim ◽  
Deepan Kumar ◽  
Jayakrishnan Ravindran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes

Background: Current resorbable and non-resorbable membranes act as a physical barrier to avoid connective and epithelial tissue downgrowth into the defect, favoring the regeneration of periodontal tissues. These conventional membranes possess many structural and bio-functional limitations. We hypothesized that the next-generation of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes for periodontal tissue engineering will be a biologically active, spatially designed nanofibrous biomaterial that closely mimics the native extra-cellular matrix (ECM). Methods: GTR membranes made of poly(ε-Caprolactone) with a molecular weight of 80,000 reinforced with different weight concentrations of nano-Hydroxyapatite/Bioactive glass (2%, 5%, 10%, 15%) is fabricated by the method of electrospinning. After fabrication, in vitro properties are evaluated. Results: The electrospun nanofibrous membranes possessed excellent mechanical properties initially and after one month of degradation in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Moreover, none of the fabricated membranes were found to be cytotoxic at lower concentrations and higher concentrations. Comparing the overall properties, PCL (poly(e-caprolactone)) + BG (Bioactive glass) 2% exhibited superior cell attachment and percentage of viable cells, increased fiber and pore diameter which satisfies the ideal properties needed for GTR membranes. Conclusion: Composite nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning are suitable for use as a GTR membrane and are a useful prototype for further development of a final membrane for clinical use.

scholarly journals Preparation and Bioactivity Properties of a Novel Composite Membrane of Fructose Mediatedβ-Tricalcium Pyrophosphate/(Polyethylene Glycol/Chitosan) for Guided Tissue Regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wen Wang ◽  
Min-Hsiung Hon ◽  
Yi-Ming Kuo ◽  
Mei-Hui Chung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Glycol Chitosan ◽  
Cell Compatibility ◽  
Suitable Material

A novel composite membrane ofβ-tricalcium pyrophosphate (β-TCP) and fructose- (F-) mediated chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol) (CS/PEG) was prepared by thermally induced phase separation technique. The prepared composite membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical property, swelling, degradation, and cytotoxicity of the composite membranes were evaluated in vitro with respect to its potential for use as biodegradable guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. In vitro degradation tests showed the composite membrane with a controllable degradation rate when changing theβ-TCP content. The incorporation ofβ-TCP granules also caused a significant enhancement of tensile strength. Whenβ-TCP content is controlled to 50 wt%, homogeneous composite membranes with well mechanical property and enzymatic degradation rate can be obtained. Cytotoxicity assay demonstrates that the composite membranes were nontoxic and had very good cell compatibility. Most importantly, the release of calcium ions and glucosamine from the composite membranes was proved to increase the cell proliferation of NIH3T3. The results of this study have indicated that this novel F-β-TCP/CS/PEG composite can be a suitable material for GTR applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication, in vitro and in vivo studies of bilayer composite membrane for periodontal guided tissue regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 967-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Zahid ◽  
Abdul Samad Khan ◽  
Aqif Anwar Chaudhry ◽  
Sarah Ghafoor ◽  
Qurat Ul Ain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Development of a guided occlusive biodegradable membrane with controlled morphology in order to restrict the ingrowth of epithelial cells is still a challenge in dental tissue engineering. A bilayer membrane with a non-porous upper layer (polyurethane) and porous lower layer (polycaprolactone and bioactive glass composite) with thermoelastic properties to sustain surgery treatment was developed by lyophilization. Morphology, porosity, and layers attachment were controlled by using the multi-solvent system. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, cell attachment, and cell proliferation were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histology. The cell proliferation rate and cell attachment results showed good biocompatibility of both surfaces, though cell metabolic activity was better on the polycaprolactone-bioactive glass surface. Furthermore, the cells were viable, adhered, and proliferated well on the lower porous bioactive surface, while non-porous polyurethane surface demonstrated low cell attachment, which was deliberately designed and a pre-requisite for guided tissue regeneration/guided bone regeneration membranes. In addition, in vivo studies performed in a rat model for six weeks revealed good compatibility of membranes. Histological analysis (staining with hematoxylin and eosin) indicated no signs of inflammation or accumulation of host immune cells. These results suggested that the fabricated biocompatible bilayer membrane has the potential for use in periodontal tissue regeneration.

Regenereation in periodontics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtaza Kaderi ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Alfiya Ali ◽  
Tasneem Kaderi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Extensive Documentation

The goals of periodontal therapy are to arrest of periodontal disease progression and to attain the regeneration of the periodontal apparatus. Osseous grafting and Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) are the two techniques with the most extensive documentation of periodontal regeneration. However, these techniques offer limited potential towards regenerating the periodontal tissues. Recent surgical procedures and application of newer materials aim at greater and more predictable regeneration with the concept of tissue engineering for enhanced periodontal regeneration and functional attachment have been developed, analyzed, and employed in clinical practice

Surface Morphological Changes Accompanying Dissolution of Bioactive Glass: Effect of Residual Stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1302-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Nychka ◽  
Ding Li
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Mechanochemical Effect ◽  
Dissolution Behaviour ◽  
Glass Surfaces

We report our observations concerning the time evolution of surface morphology occurring during the in vitro immersion of bioactive glass surfaces in contact with phosphate buffer solution. We compare regions under intentionally produced residual stresses via micro-indentation to those where no indentation was performed. The sign of the residual stress is shown to be important for predicting dissolution behaviour; compression retards dissolution, whereas tension enhances dissolution. We analyze our results with a simple model for the work of bond dissociation. We report that a highly constrained residual compressive stress state, such as in an indent, leads to a work deficit in comparison to tension, which accounts for the slower dissolution rate of compressed bioactive glass. Such a mechanochemical effect suggests that the presence of residual stresses from the manufacture of biomedical implants and devices could lead to accelerated or delayed dissolution and that careful control of residual stresses should be sought for predictable performance in dissolvable materials.

FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF CHITOSAN MEMBRANES FOR GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA WEI CHEN ◽  
SHYH MING KUO ◽  
SHWU JEN CHANG ◽  
TANG CHING KUAN
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Chitosan Matrix ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Chitosan Membranes ◽  
Crosslinking Agents ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

Chitosan membranes were prepared by a thermal induced phase separation method, following treatment with nontoxic NaOH gelating and Na5P3O10, Na5SO3 crosslinking agents. Effects of these reaction agents on chitosan membranes were evaluated to survey the feasibility of using these membranes in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) application. The preliminary results showed chitosan membranes crosslinked with Na5P3O10 and Na2SO3 had gel content of 53.5% and 52.2%r, respectively. Contrarily, the chitosan matrix gelated with NaOH dissolved completely during gel content measurement. Chitosan membrane treated with Na5P3O10 had lowest elastic modulus of 12.9 Mpa as compared with other membranes treated with Na2SO3 (17.9Mpa) and NaOH(23.6Mpa). From SEM observations, NaOH gelated chitosan membrane had the smoothest surface morphology than others. However, Na5P3O10 crosslinked chitosan membrane had better cell adhesion and proliferation results in cell culture test. All three chitosan membranes degraded by about 23%∼28% of initial weight after a 90-day in vitro shaking test.

scholarly journals Enhanced Critical Size Defect Repair in Rabbit Mandible by Electrospun Gelatin/β-TCP Composite Nanofibrous Membranes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Xu ◽  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
Song Meng ◽  
Xiaohan Dai ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Nanofibrous Membrane ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Barrier Membranes ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Electrospun Gelatin

The design and fabrication of biodegradable barrier membranes with satisfactory structure and composition remain a considerable challenge for periodontal tissue regeneration. We have developed a biomimetic nanofibrous membrane made from a composite of gelatin andβ-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). We previously confirmed thein vitrobiological performance of the membrane material, but the efficacy of the membranes in promoting bone repairin situhas not yet been examined. Gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibers were fabricated by incorporation of 20 wt.%β-TCP nanoparticles into electrospun gelatin nanofibers. Electron microscopy showed that the composite membranes presented a nonwoven structure with an interconnected porous network and had a rough surface due to theβ-TCP nanoparticles, which were distributed widely and uniformly throughout the gelatin-fiber matrix. The repair efficacy of rabbit mandible defects implanted with bone substitute (Bio-Oss) and covered with the gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibrous membrane was evaluated in comparison with pure gelatin nanofibrous membrane. Gross observation, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis showed that new bone formation and defect closure were significantly enhanced by the composite membranes compared to the pure gelatin ones. From these results, we conclude that nanofibrous gelatin/β-TCP composite membranes could serve as effective barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Prototype Development for the Periodontal Model System with the Spatial Compartmentalization by the Additive Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Image Dataset ◽  
Biological Assessments ◽  
3D Printing Technique

At present, various tissue engineering strategies have been developed for multiple tissue regeneration and integrative structure formations. However, the regenerations of tooth-supportive structures are still limited and challenging due to the micro-interfacial compartmentalization of multiple tissues, their integrations for systematic responses, and spatiotemporal organizations of engineered tissues. Here, we investigated the scaffold prototype as the regeneration platform of the periodontal complex (cementum-periodontal ligament (PDL)-bone). Based on the tooth image dataset, the prototype scaffold was designed with individual periodontal tissues while using the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique and solvent-casting method with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL). The architecture was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and biological assessments were performed with human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells by confocal microscope. In particular, the angulations and deformations of hPDL cells on PDL architectures were analyzed while using nuclear aspect ratio (NAR = 2.319 ± 0.273) and nuclear shape index (NSI (circularity) = 0.546 ± 0.0273). In in-vitro, designed surface microgroove patterns facilitated angular organizations of hPDL cells (frequency of 0–10° angulations = 75 ± 9.54 out of 97.3 ± 2.52) for seven days. The prototype scaffolding system showed geometric adaptation to the digitized image dataset, hPDL orientations on microgroove-patterned surface, and architectural compartmentalizations for periodontal tissue regeneration.

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