scholarly journals Enhanced Critical Size Defect Repair in Rabbit Mandible by Electrospun Gelatin/β-TCP Composite Nanofibrous Membranes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Xu ◽  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
Song Meng ◽  
Xiaohan Dai ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Nanofibrous Membrane ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Barrier Membranes ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Electrospun Gelatin

The design and fabrication of biodegradable barrier membranes with satisfactory structure and composition remain a considerable challenge for periodontal tissue regeneration. We have developed a biomimetic nanofibrous membrane made from a composite of gelatin andβ-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). We previously confirmed thein vitrobiological performance of the membrane material, but the efficacy of the membranes in promoting bone repairin situhas not yet been examined. Gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibers were fabricated by incorporation of 20 wt.%β-TCP nanoparticles into electrospun gelatin nanofibers. Electron microscopy showed that the composite membranes presented a nonwoven structure with an interconnected porous network and had a rough surface due to theβ-TCP nanoparticles, which were distributed widely and uniformly throughout the gelatin-fiber matrix. The repair efficacy of rabbit mandible defects implanted with bone substitute (Bio-Oss) and covered with the gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibrous membrane was evaluated in comparison with pure gelatin nanofibrous membrane. Gross observation, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis showed that new bone formation and defect closure were significantly enhanced by the composite membranes compared to the pure gelatin ones. From these results, we conclude that nanofibrous gelatin/β-TCP composite membranes could serve as effective barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Fabrication of High-Strength and Porous Hybrid Scaffolds Based on Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Human-Like Collagen for Bone Tissue Regeneration

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannan Liu ◽  
Juan Gu ◽  
Daidi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration

A novel, three-dimensional, porous, human-like collagen (HLC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) scaffold cross-linked by 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane (DEO) was successfully fabricated, which showed excellent mechanical and superior biological properties for bone tissue regeneration in this study. The physicochemical characterizations of different n-HA/HLC/DEO (nHD) scaffolds were investigated by determining the morphology, compression stress, elastic modulus, Young’s modulus and enzymatic hydrolysis behavior in vitro. The results demonstrated that nHD-2 and nHD-3 scaffolds showed superior mechanical properties and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis compared to nHD-1 scaffolds. The cell viability, live cell staining and cell adhesion analysis results demonstrated that nHD-2 scaffolds exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent cytocompatibility compared with nHD-1 and nHD-3 scaffolds. Furthermore, subcutaneous injections of nHD-2 scaffolds in rabbits produced superior anti-biodegradation effects and histocompatibility compared with injections of nHD-1 and nHD-3 scaffolds after 1, 2 and 4 weeks. In addition, the repair of bone defects in rabbits demonstrated that nHD-2 scaffolds presented an improved ability for guided bone regeneration and reconstruction compared to commercially available bone scaffold composite hydroxyapatite/collagen (HC). Collectively, the results show that nHD-2 scaffolds show promise for application in bone tissue engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties, anti-biodegradation, anti-biodegradation, biocompatibility and bone repair effects.

scholarly journals Conducting PEEK Nanocomposites with Electrophoretically Deposited Bioactive Coating for Bone Tissue Regeneration and Multi-Modal Therapeutic Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao He ◽  
Ce zhu ◽  
Huan Xu ◽  
dan Sun ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has grown exponentially in the biomedical field in recent decades due to its outstanding biomechanical properties. However, its lack of bioactivity/osteointegration remains an unresolved issue towards its wide use in orthopedic applications. In this work, graphene nanosheets have been incorporated into PEEK to obtain multifunctional nanocomposites. Due to the formation of electrical percolation network and the π-π* conjugation between graphene and PEEK, the resulting composites have achieved twelve order of magnitude enhancement in its electrical conductivity, and have enabled electrophoretic deposition of bioactive/anti-bacterial coating consisting of stearyltrimethylammonium chloride (STAC) modified hydroxyapatite (HA). The coated composite implant showed significant boosting of BMSC cell proliferation in vitro. In addition, the strong photothermal conversion effect of the graphene nanofillers have enabled laser induced heating of our nanocomposite implants, where the temperature of the implant can reach 45 oC in 150 s. The unique multi-functionality of our composite implant has also been demonstrated for photothermal applications such as enhancing bacterial (E. coli and S. aureus) eradication and tumor cell (MG63) inhibition, as well as bone tissue regeneration in vivo. The results suggest the strong potential of our multi-functional implant in bone repair applications as well as multi-modal therapy of challenging bone diseases such as osteosarcoma and osteomyelitis

scholarly journals Electrospun Hyaluronan-Gelatin Nanofibrous Matrix for Nerve Tissue Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hau-Min Liou ◽  
Lih-Rou Rau ◽  
Chun-Chiang Huang ◽  
Meng-Ru Lu ◽  
Fu-Yin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Electrospun Gelatin

Schwann cells play a critical role in the repair of the peripheral nerve. The goal of this study was to fabricate electrospun gelatin (Gel) and hyaluronan-gelatin (HA-Gel) composite nanofibers to provide a suitable growth environment for Schwann cells. The fiber diameters of Gel, 0.5 HA-Gel, 1 HA-Gel, and 1.5 HA-Gel were 130 ± 30 nm, 294 ± 87 nm, 362 ± 129 nm, and 224 ± 54 nm, respectively. The biological performance of Gel and HA-Gel was evaluated using anin vitroculture of RT4-D6P2T rat Schwann cells. We found that the cell attachment and proliferation rates were not significantly different on these matrices. However, the Schwann cells displayed better organized F-actin on HA-Gel than on Gel. Moreover, the expression levels of several genes, including Nrg1, GFAP, and P0, were significantly higher on HA-Gel than on Gel. In addition, the levels of Nrg1 and P0 protein expression were also higher on the HA-Gel than on Gel. These results indicate that the hyaluronan-gelatin composite nanofibrous matrix could potentially be used in peripheral nerve repair.

scholarly journals Preparation and Bioactivity Properties of a Novel Composite Membrane of Fructose Mediatedβ-Tricalcium Pyrophosphate/(Polyethylene Glycol/Chitosan) for Guided Tissue Regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wen Wang ◽  
Min-Hsiung Hon ◽  
Yi-Ming Kuo ◽  
Mei-Hui Chung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Glycol Chitosan ◽  
Cell Compatibility ◽  
Suitable Material

A novel composite membrane ofβ-tricalcium pyrophosphate (β-TCP) and fructose- (F-) mediated chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol) (CS/PEG) was prepared by thermally induced phase separation technique. The prepared composite membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical property, swelling, degradation, and cytotoxicity of the composite membranes were evaluated in vitro with respect to its potential for use as biodegradable guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. In vitro degradation tests showed the composite membrane with a controllable degradation rate when changing theβ-TCP content. The incorporation ofβ-TCP granules also caused a significant enhancement of tensile strength. Whenβ-TCP content is controlled to 50 wt%, homogeneous composite membranes with well mechanical property and enzymatic degradation rate can be obtained. Cytotoxicity assay demonstrates that the composite membranes were nontoxic and had very good cell compatibility. Most importantly, the release of calcium ions and glucosamine from the composite membranes was proved to increase the cell proliferation of NIH3T3. The results of this study have indicated that this novel F-β-TCP/CS/PEG composite can be a suitable material for GTR applications.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of various bioabsorbable and nonresorbable barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Kasaj ◽  
Christoph Reichert ◽  
Hermann Götz ◽  
Bernd Röhrig ◽  
Ralf Smeets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Barrier Membranes

scholarly journals Fabrication and In Vitro Characterization of Bioactive Glass/Nano Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Sunandhakumari ◽  
Arun Vidhyadharan ◽  
Aneesh Alim ◽  
Deepan Kumar ◽  
Jayakrishnan Ravindran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes

Background: Current resorbable and non-resorbable membranes act as a physical barrier to avoid connective and epithelial tissue downgrowth into the defect, favoring the regeneration of periodontal tissues. These conventional membranes possess many structural and bio-functional limitations. We hypothesized that the next-generation of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes for periodontal tissue engineering will be a biologically active, spatially designed nanofibrous biomaterial that closely mimics the native extra-cellular matrix (ECM). Methods: GTR membranes made of poly(ε-Caprolactone) with a molecular weight of 80,000 reinforced with different weight concentrations of nano-Hydroxyapatite/Bioactive glass (2%, 5%, 10%, 15%) is fabricated by the method of electrospinning. After fabrication, in vitro properties are evaluated. Results: The electrospun nanofibrous membranes possessed excellent mechanical properties initially and after one month of degradation in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Moreover, none of the fabricated membranes were found to be cytotoxic at lower concentrations and higher concentrations. Comparing the overall properties, PCL (poly(e-caprolactone)) + BG (Bioactive glass) 2% exhibited superior cell attachment and percentage of viable cells, increased fiber and pore diameter which satisfies the ideal properties needed for GTR membranes. Conclusion: Composite nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning are suitable for use as a GTR membrane and are a useful prototype for further development of a final membrane for clinical use.

Conventional Electrospinning vs. Emulsion Electrospinning: A Comparative Study on the Development of Nanofibrous Drug/Biomolecule Delivery Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Wang ◽  
Sze Nga Tong ◽  
Yuk Hang Tse ◽  
Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Model Protein ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Direct Dissolution ◽  
Biological Performance

Over the past decade, intensive research has been conducted on electrospinning of fibrous tissue engineering scaffolds and their applications in body tissue regeneration. For providing multifunctions and/or enhancing the biological performance, drugs or biomolecules can be incorporated in electrospun fibers using normally one of these techniques: (1) direct dissolution, (3) emulsion electrospinning, and (3) coaxial electrospinning. In this investigation, for constructing nanofibrous delivery vehicles, conventional electrospinning using polymer solutions with directly dissolved drugs or biomolecules and emulsion electrospinning were studied and compared. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model protein and the drug was rifamycin, a hydrophobic antibiotic. A poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) containing the protein or drug was electrospun into fibers. In these two routes of fabricating drug-or biomolecule-loaded nanofibers, different polymer concentrations and emulsion formulations were investigated. Various aspects of the fibrous delivery vehicles were investigated using several techniques and the in vitro release behaviour was studied.

scholarly journals Electrospun Gelatin/β-TCP Composite Nanofibers Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs andIn VivoBone Formation by Activating Ca2+-Sensing Receptor Signaling

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
Song Meng ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Mingming Xu ◽  
Ying He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Gelatin

Calcium phosphate- (CaP-) based composite scaffolds have been used extensively for the bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering. Previously, we developed a biomimetic composite nanofibrous membrane of gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and confirmed their biological activityin vitroand bone regenerationin vivo. However, how these composite nanofibers promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is unknown. Here, gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibers were fabricated by incorporating 20 wt%β-TCP nanoparticles into electrospun gelatin nanofibers. Electron microscopy showed that the compositeβ-TCP nanofibers had a nonwoven structure with a porous network and a rough surface. Spectral analyses confirmed the presence and chemical stability of theβ-TCP and gelatin components. Compared with pure gelatin nanofibers, gelatin/β-TCP composite nanofibers caused increased cell attachment, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteogenic gene expression in rat BMSCs. Interestingly, the expression level of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was significantly higher on the composite nanofibrous scaffolds than on pure gelatin. For rat calvarial critical sized defects, more extensive osteogenesis and neovascularization occurred in the composite scaffolds group compared with the gelatin group. Thus, gelatin/β-TCP composite scaffolds promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCsin vitroand bone regenerationin vivoby activating Ca2+-sensing receptor signaling.

scholarly journals Conducting PEEK Nanocomposites with Electrophoretically Deposited Bioactive Coating for Bone Tissue Regeneration and Multi-Modal Therapeutic Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao He ◽  
Ce zhu ◽  
Huan Xu ◽  
dan Sun ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has grown exponentially in the biomedical field in recent decades due to its outstanding biomechanical properties. However, its lack of bioactivity/osteointegration remains an unresolved issue towards its wide use in orthopedic applications. In this work, graphene nanosheets have been incorporated into PEEK to obtain multifunctional nanocomposites. Due to the formation of electrical percolation network and the π-π* conjugation between graphene and PEEK, the resulting composites have achieved twelve order of magnitude enhancement in its electrical conductivity, and have enabled electrophoretic deposition of bioactive/anti-bacterial coating consisting of stearyltrimethylammonium chloride (STAC) modified hydroxyapatite (HA). The coated composite implant showed significant boosting of BMSC cell proliferation in vitro. In addition, the strong photothermal conversion effect of the graphene nanofillers have enabled laser induced heating of our nanocomposite implants, where the temperature of the implant can reach 45 oC in 150 s. The unique multi-functionality of our composite implant has also been demonstrated for photothermal applications such as enhancing bacterial (E. coli and S. aureus) eradication and tumor cell (MG63) inhibition, as well as bone tissue regeneration in vivo. The results suggest the strong potential of our multi-functional implant in bone repair applications as well as multi-modal therapy of challenging bone diseases such as osteosarcoma and osteomyelitis

scholarly journals Decellularized Human Chorion Membrane as a Novel Biomaterial for Tissue Regeneration

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1208
Author(s):  
Laura P. Frazão ◽  
Joana Vieira de Castro ◽  
Cristina Nogueira-Silva ◽  
Nuno M. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Ecm Proteins ◽  
Biological Performance

Although some placenta-derived products are already used for tissue regeneration, the human chorion membrane (HCM) alone has been poorly explored. In fact, just one study uses decellularized HCM (dHCM) with native tissue architecture (i.e., without extracellular matrix (ECM) suspension creation) as a substrate for cell differentiation. The aim of this work is to fully characterize the dHCM for the presence and distribution of cell nuclei, DNA and ECM components. Moreover, mechanical properties, in vitro biological performance and in vivo biocompatibility were also studied. Our results demonstrated that the HCM was successfully decellularized and the main ECM proteins were preserved. The dHCM has two different surfaces, the reticular layer side and the trophoblast side; and is biocompatible both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that on day 28 the dHCM starts to be integrated by the host tissue. Altogether, these results support the hypothesis that dHCM may be used as a biomaterial for different tissue regeneration strategies, particularly when a membrane is needed to separate tissues, organs or other biologic compartments.

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