scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Red Blood Cell Cytoplasmic Viscosity Contrasts on Single Cell and Bulk Transport Behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike de Haan ◽  
Gabor Zavodszky ◽  
Victor Azizi ◽  
Alfons Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Immersed Boundary ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Ray Casting ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Viscosity Contrast ◽  
The Many ◽  
Short Time

In-silico cellular models of blood are invaluable to gain understanding about the many interesting properties that blood exhibits. However, numerical investigations that focus on the effects of cytoplasmic viscosity in these models are not very prevalent. We present a parallelised method to implement cytoplasmic viscosity for HemoCell, an open-source cellular model based on immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann methods, using an efficient ray-casting algorithm. The effects of the implementation are investigated with single-cell simulations focusing on the deformation in shear flow, the migration due to wall induced lift forces, the characteristic response time in periodic stretching and pair collisions between red blood cells and platelets. Collective transport phenomena are also investigated in many-cell simulations in a pressure driven channel flow. The simulations indicate that the addition of a viscosity contrast between internal and external fluids significantly affects the deformability of a red blood cell, which is most pronounced during very short time-scale events. Therefore, modelling the cytoplasmic viscosity contrast is important in scenarios with high velocity deformation, typically high shear rate flows.

scholarly journals The Acute Effect of the Antioxidant Drug U-74389G on Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Levels During Hypoxia Reoxygenation Injury in Rats

Folia Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Constantinos Tsompos ◽  
Constantinos Panoulis ◽  
Konstantinos Toutouzas ◽  
George Zografos ◽  
Apostolos Papalois
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Reoxygenation Injury ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Abstract The AIM of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of the antioxidant drug “U-74389G” in a rat model of hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) using the previously established protocol. Effects of treatment were evaluated by mean red blood cell distribution width (RDW) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 rats of a mean weight of 231.875 g were employed in the study. RDW levels were determined at 60 min (groups A and C) and at 120 min (groups B and D) after starting the reoxygenation. Groups A and B received no drugs, whereas rats from groups C and D were administered with U-74389G. RESULTS: demonstrated that U-74389G administration significantly decreased the RDW levels by 4.96% + 2.27% (p = 0.0175). Reoxygenation time non-significantly decreased the RDW levels by 0.27% + 2.41% (p = 0.8889). Together, U-74389G administration and reoxygenation time non-significantly decreased the RDW levels by 2.54% + 1.39% (p = 0.0679). CONCLUSIONS: U-74389G administration particulary in concert without reperfusion declines the RDW levels even within the short - time context of 1.5 hours reperfusion.

scholarly journals Image-based red blood cell counter for multiple species of wild and domestic animals

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R.M. Mauricio ◽  
F.K. Schneider ◽  
R.K. Takahira ◽  
L.C. Santos ◽  
H.R. Gamba
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Automatic Counting ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
The Many ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Rbc Count

ABSTRACT RBC count plays an important role in animal diagnosis. Despite the many technologies available in different automated hematology analyzers, when it comes to the blood of wild animals it is still difficult to find an easy and affordable solution for multiple species. This study aims to evaluate the proposed automatic red blood cell counter. Blood samples (1 ocelot - Leopardus pardalis, 1 monkey - Cebus apella, 1 coati - Nasua nasua, 62 dogs - Canis familiaris, and 5 horses - Equus caballus) were analyzed using three methods: 1-manual count, 2-automatic count by image, and 3-semi-automatic count by image; blood from dogs and horses were also analyzed by a fourth method: 4-automatic count by impedance. The counts in methods 2 and 3 were produced by the proposed red blood cell counter. Results were compared using Pearson's correlation and plots with different methods as the criterion standard. RBC counts in methods 1, 2, and 3 correlated very well with those in the method 4 (r ≥ 0.94). RBC counts produced by method 2 were highly correlated with method 3 (r = 0.998). The results indicate that the proposed method can be used as an automatic or semi-automatic counting method in clinics that are currently using the manual method for RBC assessment.

scholarly journals Effect of Cytoplasmic Viscosity on Red Blood Cell Migration in Small Arteriole-level Confinements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Saadat ◽  
Christopher J. Guido ◽  
Eric S. G. Shaqfeh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Channel Size ◽  
Viscosity Contrast ◽  
Cell Free Layer

The dynamics of red blood cells in small arterioles are important as these dynamics affect many physiological processes such as hemostasis and thrombosis. However, studying red blood cell flows via computer simulations is challenging due to the complex shapes and the non-trivial viscosity contrast of a red blood cell. To date, little progress has been made studying small arteriole flows (20-40μm) with a hematocrit (red blood cell volume fraction) of 10-20% and a physiological viscosity contrast. In this work, we present the results of large-scale simulations that show how the channel size, viscosity contrast of the red blood cells, and hematocrit affect cell distributions and the cell-free layer in these systems. We utilize a massively-parallel immersed boundary code coupled to a finite volume solver to capture the particle resolved physics. We show that channel size qualitatively changes how the cells distribute in the channel. Our results also indicate that at a hematocrit of 10% that the viscosity contrast is not negligible when calculating the cell free layer thickness. We explain this result by comparing lift and collision trajectories of cells at different viscosity contrasts.

Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Healthy and Defective Red Blood Cell Settling in Blood Plasma

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hashemi ◽  
M. Rahnama ◽  
S. Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Immersed Boundary ◽  
Immersed Boundary Methods ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation ◽  
Fluid Membrane ◽  
Boundary Methods

In this paper, an attempt has been made to study sedimentation of a red blood cell (RBC) in a plasma-filled tube numerically. Such behaviors are studied for a healthy and a defective cell which might be created due to human diseases, such as diabetes, sickle-cell anemia, and hereditary spherocytosis. Flow-induced deformation of RBC is obtained using finite-element method (FEM), while flow and fluid–membrane interaction are handled using lattice Boltzmann (LB) and immersed boundary methods (IBMs), respectively. The effects of RBC properties as well as its geometry and orientation on its sedimentation rate are investigated and discussed. The results show that decreasing frontal area of an RBC and/or increasing tube diameter results in a faster settling. Comparison of healthy and diabetic cells reveals that less cell deformability leads to slower settling. The simulation results show that the sicklelike and spherelike RBCs have lower settling velocity as compared with a biconcave discoid cell.

scholarly journals Human red blood cell behaviour in hydroxyethyl starch: probed by single cell spectroscopy

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (52) ◽  
pp. 31453-31462
Author(s):  
Mithun N ◽  
Jijo Lukose ◽  
Shamee Shastry ◽  
Ganesh Mohan ◽  
Santhosh Chidangil
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Intravenous Fluid ◽  
Cell Behaviour

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a commonly used intravenous fluid in hospital settings.

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