scholarly journals Constructed Technosols: A Strategy toward A Circular Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3432
Author(s):  
Debora Fabbri ◽  
Romeo Pizzol ◽  
Paola Calza ◽  
Mery Malandrino ◽  
Elisa Gaggero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Renewable Natural Resource ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Urban Land Management ◽  
By Products

Soil is a non-renewable natural resource. However, the current rates of soil usage and degradation have led to a loss of soil for agriculture, habitats, biodiversity, and to ecosystems problems. Urban and former industrial areas suffer particularly of these problems, and compensation measures to restore environmental quality include the renaturation of dismissed areas, de-sealing of surfaces, or the building of green infrastructures. In this framework, the development of methodologies for the creation of soils designed to mimic natural soil and suitable for vegetation growth, known as constructed soils or technosols, are here reviewed. The possible design choices and the starting materials have been described, using a circular economy approach, i.e., preferring non-contaminated wastes to non-renewable resources. Technosols appear to be a good solution to the problems of land degradation and urban green if using recycled wastes or by-products, as they can be an alternative to the remediation of contaminated sites and to importing fertile agricultural soil. Nevertheless, waste use requires analysis to ensure the salubrity of the starting materials. Moreover, materials produced on site or nearby minimize the cost and the environmental impact of transport, thus the involvement of local stakeholders in the urban land management must be encouraged.

scholarly journals Monomers, Materials and Energy from Coffee By-Products: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6921
Author(s):  
Laura Sisti ◽  
Annamaria Celli ◽  
Grazia Totaro ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Francesca Signori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Material Technology ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
By Products

In recent years, the circular economy and sustainability have gained attention in the food industry aimed at recycling food industrial waste and residues. For example, several plant-based materials are nowadays used in packaging and biofuel production. Among them, by-products and waste from coffee processing constitute a largely available, low cost, good quality resource. Coffee production includes many steps, in which by-products are generated including coffee pulp, coffee husks, silver skin and spent coffee. This review aims to analyze the reasons why coffee waste can be considered as a valuable source in recycling strategies for the sustainable production of bio-based chemicals, materials and fuels. It addresses the most recent advances in monomer, polymer and plastic filler productions and applications based on the development of viable biorefinery technologies. The exploration of strategies to unlock the potential of this biomass for fuel productions is also revised. Coffee by-products valorization is a clear example of waste biorefinery. Future applications in areas such as biomedicine, food packaging and material technology should be taken into consideration. However, further efforts in techno-economic analysis and the assessment of the feasibility of valorization processes on an industrial scale are needed.

scholarly journals Valorization of Kiwi by-Products for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds: Circular Economy Model

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Franklin Chamorro ◽  
María Carpena ◽  
Bernabé Nuñez-Estevez ◽  
Miguel A. Prieto ◽  
Jesus Simal-Gandara
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
By Products

Currently, agricultural production generates large amounts of organic waste, both from the maintenance of farms and crops, and from the industrialization of the product. Generally, these wastes are accumulated in landfills or burned, sometimes causing environmental problems. However, many scientific studies suggest that these residues are rich in bioactive compounds, so these matrices could be revalued for their use in food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries. In this way, the circular and sustainable economy is favored, while obtaining products with high added value. In this case, this approach is applied to the residues generated from kiwi production, since numerous studies have shown the high content of kiwi in bioactive compounds of interest, such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids. These compounds have been reported for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, among other beneficial properties for health such as its use as prebiotic. Therefore, this article reviews the potential of residues derived from industrial processing and agricultural maintenance of kiwi as promising matrices for the development of new nutraceutical, cosmetic, or pharmacological products, obtaining, at the same time, economic returns and a reduction of the environmental impact of this industry, attaching it to the perspective of the circular economy.

scholarly journals Sustainability: Recovery and Reuse of Brewing-Derived By-Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Tiziana Amoriello ◽  
Roberto Ciccoritti
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
By Products ◽  
Recovery And Reuse

The great global challenge in order to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth over the coming decades is the promotion of the efficient use of resources, favoring a transition to a cleaner and circular economy [...]

Biotransformation of phenolic acids from by-products using heterogeneous biocatalysts: one more step toward a circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 100550
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Grajales-Hernández ◽  
Mariana A. Armendáriz Ruiz ◽  
Victor Contreras-Jácquez ◽  
Juan Carlos Mateos-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Heterogeneous Biocatalysts ◽  
By Products

Natural Polymers for Biodegradable Dressings to Save the Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current System ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
By Products ◽  
Global Water

The current fashion system uses high volumes of non-renewable resources to produce clothes, being responsible for 10% of the global greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere every year and 20%of the global water wasted. At the same time people are buying 60%more clothing than 15 Years ago, which going in the landfills, causes 92 million tons of waste each year. This waste has been further increased by the surgical masks used for COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, a new way of designing and producing clothing needs to be incorporated into the current system to facilitate its recycling making it more circular. New tissues, therefore, are proposed made by natural polysaccharides, embedded by micro- Nano capsules of chitin Nano fibrils and Nano lignin all obtained as by- products from food and forestry waste respectively. Thus, pollution and waste will be reduced and the natural raw materials will be maintained for the future generations.

Conceptual Model of the Subject of Circular Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Roman Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with certain issues of the introduction and functioning of the circular economy, the introduction of which allows you to obtain positive environmental, economic and social effects. It is noted that it is characterized by the emergence of synergistic effects in the conditions of development of ecological and economic systems, which create conditions for their advancement towards a state of sustainable development. A model of the subject of a circular economy in the context of sustainable development, which reflects the transformative essence, wave nature and cyclical nature of economic processes within the framework of the wave-particle concept of the formation of economic behavior, is proposed and analyzed. The model is formulated in accordance with the methodological principles of describing material flows, which are based on the phenomenological assumption that their kinetics is isomorphic to the dynamics of a continuous medium. The presented construct was named “economic dipole”. The model is built in the state space, the coordinates of which characterize the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the studied subject. The model reflects the self-organizing nature of the management of a circular economy entity, the balance between production and consumption and cyclical movement within the framework of such a circular economy business model as resource recovery. It minimizes the cost of resources by increasing the efficiency of production through reverse flows. The adequacy and information content of the model was checked by analyzing the fields of speed and motivation, the connection of which in the context of sustainable development is represented by the equation of maintaining overall motivation, which consists of a motivating and compensating component. It is shown that the subject of the circular economy is more motivated for sustainable development and overcoming the negative consequences of production than for maintaining the existing state, which reflects the key positive effects of introducing a circular economy.

scholarly journals Research on the changes of physiological characteristics of algal cells in the process of algae dissolving by immobilized white rot fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 05033
Author(s):  
Guoming Zeng ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Xiaowan Liu ◽  
Maolan Zhang ◽  
Hengjun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Algal Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Water Eutrophication ◽  
By Products ◽  
Control Water

With the increasing of water pollution, water eutrophication is seriously affecting people’s daily life and production. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore safe and efficient algae control technology. In the current algal bloom treatment methods, the physical method is not complete in algae dissolving, and the cost of algal control is high. The chemical method is easy to produce secondary pollution and toxic by-products, and the safety is not high. However, the biological method has the advantages of low cost, high ecological security and good ecological compatibility. It is considered to be a more promising method to remove algae and biological toxins, and it is also an inevitable trend to control water eutrophication in the future.

Determination apparent digestibility pomegranate seed using in vivo method

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 222-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Feizi ◽  
A. Ghodratnama ◽  
M. Zahedifar ◽  
M. Danesh Mesgaran ◽  
M. Raisianzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Pomegranate Seed ◽  
The Cost ◽  
By Products ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

Pomegranate by-products (peel and seed) contain about 40-45 percent of the fruit’s weight, but little information is available on their nutritive value. Chemical analysis of the pomegranate seed (PS) show that it contains average of 10-12 percent of crude protein. PS also contain a little amount of tannin (about 2.7 percent). Since feed accounts for 75-85% of the total costs of meet production and the use of them in feeding ruminant may decrease the cost of feeding. The objective of this experiment was also to determine nutrients digestibility of PS.

The importance of urban rainwater harvesting in circular economy: the case of Guadalajara city

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Arturo Gleason Espíndola ◽  
Fernando Cordova ◽  
Cesar Casiano Flores
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Circular Model ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
The Cost

Purpose This paper aims to associate two fields of research: circular economy and the restoration of water cycle through the implementation of rainwater catchment systems in urban zones. Design/methodology/approach This study considers the case of the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara, México. This urban concentration is the second largest in Mexico. It faces floods each year with a cost of over US$26m, while demand of water has a production cost over US$24m. At the same time, the aquifers are drying due to uncontrolled urbanization and increasing the impervious area over the recharge zones. In addition, rainwater is combined with wastewater, elevating the cost of the wastewater treatment because the amount and quality of water to treat exceeds the systems’ capacity. This situation causes floods and decreases the availability of ground water. These problems are reflected in the imbalance of parameters of water cycle and a new approach is needed. The circular economy model can help to preserve one of our most vital resources. Scarcity is already so pronounced that we cannot reach many of our desired economic, social and environmental goals. Technologies that help balance supply and demand can also help water (both stock and flow) to become part of a circular model. To prove this, the authors present a hypothetical scenario based on a pilot project and a basin modeling of Guadalajara, Mexico. Findings Through this paper, it is possible to demonstrate that rainwater harvesting can play an important role in circular economy. Using the rainwater catchment systems, the cost of damages caused by floods could be decreased, the demand of water could be reduced, cost of production can be reduced, the aquifers can be recharged and the wastewater treatments can be improved. Originality/value Few papers have been developed to associate two fields of research (circular economy and the restoration of water cycle), using rainwater catchment systems as the central element.

Soy protein and chitin sponge-like scaffolds: from natural by-products to cell delivery systems for biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3445-3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Las Heras ◽  
Edorta Santos-Vizcaino ◽  
Tania Garrido ◽  
Francisco Borja Gutierrez ◽  
Jose Javier Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Cell Delivery ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
By Products

Natural and renewable resources, such as plant proteins and marine polysaccharides, to manufacture scaffolds with suitable properties for biomedical applications.

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