scholarly journals Development of Inula graveolens (L.) Plant Extract Electrospun/Polycaprolactone Nanofibers: A Novel Material for Biomedical Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Wasan J. Al-Kaabi ◽  
Salim Albukhaty ◽  
Adnan J. M. Al-Fartosy ◽  
Hassan Kh. Al-Karagoly ◽  
Sharafaldin Al-Musawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Xrd Diffraction ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Polymeric Nanofibers ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Interest In Research

Recently, there has been a growing interest in research on nanofibrous scaffolds developed by electrospinning bioactive plant extracts. In this study, the extract material obtained from the medicinal plant Inula graveolens (L.) was loaded on polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun polymeric nanofibers. The combined mixture was prepared by 5% of I. graveolens at 8% (PCL) concentration and electrospun under optimal conditions. The chemical analysis, morphology, and crystallization of polymeric nanofibers were carried out by (FT-IR) spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and XRD diffraction. Hydrophilicity was determined by a contact angle experiment. The strength was characterized, and the toxicity of scaffolds on the cell line of fibroblasts was finally investigated. The efficiency of nanofibers to enhance the proliferation of fibroblasts was evaluated in vitro using the optimal I. graveolens/PCL solutions. The results show that I. graveolens/PCL polymeric scaffolds exhibited dispersion in homogeneous nanofibers around 72 ± 963 nm in the ratio 70/30 (V:V), with no toxicity for cells, meaning that they can be used for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Polyamidoamine G2.0-Hematin as a Biocatalyst for Fabricating Catecholic Gelatin Hydrogel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tan Phuoc Ton ◽  
Thi Yen Nhi Tran ◽  
Le Hang Dang ◽  
Kim Thi Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Doan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Pamam Dendrimer ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Enzyme Mimicking ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

In this study, we report that an enzyme-mimicking biocatalyst polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G2.0-hematin (G2.0-He) was fabricated successfully. The chemical structure of G2.0-He was verified by 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. G2.0-He exhibited a size distribution from 11.6 ± 1.7   nm to 12.5 ± 2.9   nm and a zeta potential from 32.5 mV to 25.6 mV along with the enhancement of the hematin conjugation degree. The relative activity of G2.0-He was evaluated based on pyrogallol oxidation reactions at pH = 7 . The results showed that G2.0-He was more stable than horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme in high H2O2 concentrations. The HRP-mimic ability of G2.0-He was also confirmed by the catalyzation when preparing catecholic gelatin hydrogels under mild conditions. Moreover, our results also revealed that these hydrogels performed with excellent cytocompatibility in an in vitro study and could be used as a potential scaffold for adhesion and proliferation of fibroblast cells. The obtained results indicated that G2.0-He is a suitable platform for altering the HRP enzyme in several biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Correlating in vitro performance with physico-chemical characteristics of nanofibrous scaffolds for skin tissue engineering using supervised machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 201293
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Y. Sujeeun ◽  
Nowsheen Goonoo ◽  
Honita Ramphul ◽  
Itisha Chummun ◽  
Fanny Gimié ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Cell Material ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Physico Chemical

The engineering of polymeric scaffolds for tissue regeneration has known a phenomenal growth during the past decades as materials scientists seek to understand cell biology and cell–material behaviour. Statistical methods are being applied to physico-chemical properties of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE) to guide through the complexity of experimental conditions. We have attempted using experimental in vitro data and physico-chemical data of electrospun polymeric scaffolds, tested for skin TE, to model scaffold performance using machine learning (ML) approach. Fibre diameter, pore diameter, water contact angle and Young's modulus were used to find a correlation with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay of L929 fibroblasts cells on the scaffolds after 7 days. Six supervised learning algorithms were trained on the data using Seaborn/Scikit-learn Python libraries. After hyperparameter tuning, random forest regression yielded the highest accuracy of 62.74%. The predictive model was also correlated with in vivo data. This is a first preliminary study on ML methods for the prediction of cell–material interactions on nanofibrous scaffolds.

Preparation of Alginate/Silica Composite Beads with In Vitro Apatite-Forming Ability

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1889-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Xiao ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Zhi Xian Zhang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silica Composite ◽  
Composite Beads ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

Alginate/silica composite beads of mm-size for biomedical applications were prepared from water glass and sodium alginate via a simple sol-gel route. They kept their original shapes when soaked in the phosphate solution of lower pH. In this case, faint calcium phosphate peaks were observed in X-ray diffraction. Peaks corresponding to phosphate group were also found in FT-IR. Apatite was obtained on the surface of beads made with calcium chloride after soaking in phosphate solution while monetite was formed on the surface of beads made with calcium nitrate.

scholarly journals Current hydrogel advances in physicochemical and biological response-driven biomedical application diversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Cao ◽  
Lixia Duan ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractHydrogel is a type of versatile platform with various biomedical applications after rational structure and functional design that leverages on material engineering to modulate its physicochemical properties (e.g., stiffness, pore size, viscoelasticity, microarchitecture, degradability, ligand presentation, stimulus-responsive properties, etc.) and influence cell signaling cascades and fate. In the past few decades, a plethora of pioneering studies have been implemented to explore the cell–hydrogel matrix interactions and figure out the underlying mechanisms, paving the way to the lab-to-clinic translation of hydrogel-based therapies. In this review, we first introduced the physicochemical properties of hydrogels and their fabrication approaches concisely. Subsequently, the comprehensive description and deep discussion were elucidated, wherein the influences of different hydrogels properties on cell behaviors and cellular signaling events were highlighted. These behaviors or events included integrin clustering, focal adhesion (FA) complex accumulation and activation, cytoskeleton rearrangement, protein cyto-nuclei shuttling and activation (e.g., Yes-associated protein (YAP), catenin, etc.), cellular compartment reorganization, gene expression, and further cell biology modulation (e.g., spreading, migration, proliferation, lineage commitment, etc.). Based on them, current in vitro and in vivo hydrogel applications that mainly covered diseases models, various cell delivery protocols for tissue regeneration and disease therapy, smart drug carrier, bioimaging, biosensor, and conductive wearable/implantable biodevices, etc. were further summarized and discussed. More significantly, the clinical translation potential and trials of hydrogels were presented, accompanied with which the remaining challenges and future perspectives in this field were emphasized. Collectively, the comprehensive and deep insights in this review will shed light on the design principles of new biomedical hydrogels to understand and modulate cellular processes, which are available for providing significant indications for future hydrogel design and serving for a broad range of biomedical applications.

scholarly journals 1, 4 Dithiane 2, 5 Diol : An Versatile Monomer to Synthesis Aliphatic Random Copolyester with Biomedical Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 885-891
Author(s):  
Kalpana Balachandran ◽  
Nanthini Raveendiran ◽  
Margaret Marie John
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Melt Polycondensation ◽  
Direct Melt Polycondensation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

This article uses 1, 4-dithiane-2, 5-diol as a monomer to synthesize aliphatic random copolyester (PDDD).PDDD was synthesized by direct melt polycondensation method and characterized by FT-IR and 1H- NMR. The physical properties of PDDD were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, as well as viscosity and solubility measurements. The anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of PDDD were evaluated to investigate its potential biomedical applications. Generally, good results were obtained. It is evident that the copolyester exhibits favorable and tunable physical, thermal and biological properties and so is a suitable candidate for biomedical applications.

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-β-Tricalcium Phosphate/Silk Fibroin Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 882-888
Author(s):  
Jun Ou ◽  
Yu Min Jiang ◽  
Zhan He Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Cultivation Experiment

Silk fibroin (SF) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) had been used in biomedical applications for these years. The potential of silk and β-TCP for application in tissue engineering is currently being explored. The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize a 3D scaffold consisting of nano-β-TCP/SF composite. XRD and FT-IR analysis showed that predominant crystalline phase of calcium phosphate was β-TCP; a chelate effect between SF and Ca2+ was happened at complexing period of SF and β-TCP. The compressive strength of nano-β-TCP/SF composite was 42 MPa ± 0.12 MPa. In vitro cell cultivation experiment showed that the composite was a good matrix for the growth of osteoblasts. Conclusion: the incorporation of SF into nano-β-TCP can enhance both mechanical strength and bioactivity of the scaffold, which suggests that the β-TCP/SF composite may be a potential biomaterial for tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Smart hydrogels based on itaconic acid for biomedical application

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-610
Author(s):  
Simonida Tomic ◽  
Maja Micic ◽  
Bojana Krezovic ◽  
Sava Dobic ◽  
Edin Suljovrujic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Stimuli Responsive

pH and temperature sensitive hydrogels, based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and itaconic acid (IA) copolymers, were prepared by gamma irradiation and characterized in order to examine their potential use in biomedical applications. The influence of comonomer ratio in these smart copolymers on their morphology, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and microbe penetration capability was investigated. The mechanical properties of copolymers were investigated using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), while their morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology and mechanical properties of these hydrogels were found to be suitable for most requirements of biomedical applications. The in vitro study of P(HEMA/IA) biocompatibility showed no evidence of cell toxicity nor any considerable hemolytic activity. Furthermore, the microbe penetration test showed that neither Staphylococcus aureus nor Escherichia coli passed through the hydogel dressing; thus the P(HEMA/IA) dressing could be considered a good barrier against microbes. All results indicate that stimuli-responsive P(HEMA/IA) hydrogels have great potential for biomedical applications, especially for skin treatment and wound dressings.

Bioactive Algal-Derived Polysaccharides: Multi-Functionalization, Therapeutic Potential and Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Idayu Muhamad ◽  
Nabilah Zulkifli ◽  
Suguna a/p Selvakumaran ◽  
Nurul Asmak Md Lazim
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Wide Range

Background: In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the utilization of polysaccharides showing biological activity for various novel applications owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and some specific therapeutic activities. Increasing studies have started in the past few years to develop algal polysaccharides-based biomaterials for various applications. Methods: Saccharide mapping or enzymatic profiling plays a role in quality control of polysaccharides. Whereby, in vitro and in vivo tests as well as toxicity level discriminating polysaccharides biological activities. Extraction and purification methods are performed in obtaining algal derived polysaccharides followed by chromatographic profiles of their active compounds, structural features, physicochemical properties, and reported biological activities. Results: Marine algae are capable of synthesizing Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and non-GAGs or GAG mimetics such as sulfated glycans. The cell walls of algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides, including alginate, carrageenan, ulvan and fucoidan. These biopolymers are widely used algal-derived polysaccharides for biological and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and availability. They constitute biochemical compounds that have multi-functionalization, therapeutic potential and immunomodulatory abilities, making them promising bioactive products and biomaterials with a wide range of biomedical applications. Conclusion: Algal-derived polysaccharides with clearly elucidated compositions/structures, identified cellular activities, as well as desirable physical properties have shown the potential that may create new opportunities. They could be maximally exploited to serve as therapeutic tools such as immunoregulatory agents or drug delivery vehicles. Hence, novel strategies could be applied to tailor multi-functionalization of the polysaccharides from algal species with vast biomedical application potentials.

ELECTROSPUN GELATIN NANOFIBROUS SCAFFOLDS – APPLICATIONS IN TISSUE ENGINEERING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Virijević ◽  
◽  
Jelena Grujić ◽  
Milena Jovanović ◽  
Nikolina Kastratović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Gelatin ◽  
Native Skin

Electrospinning is highly used technique in the tissue engineering field, particularly in biomedical application [1]. The constricted concepts of this process are based on generate nonwoven nanofibers. The method involves high voltage electricity which is applied to the liquid solution and a collector, which lets the solution force out from a nozzle forming a jet. The jet formed fibers under influence of electrostatic forces concentrated and deposited these on the collector. Main objective of this study was to fabricate gelatin scaffolds with micro/nano-scale for successful wound dressing. Gelatin can mimic the chemical composition, physical structure and structure of the native skin extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the first and main principle in this study is the optimization of parameters of the electrospinning process. The used parameters have a crucial role in obtaining suitable fibers for further cell seeding and cell growth in vitro. With the use of series of various biocompatible polymers and solvents, solutions were tested in various electrospinning settings in order to produce microscale fibers. The scaffolds were analysed with scanning electron microscope images for fiber diameter measurement.

scholarly journals Tumor-on-a-chip: from bioinspired design to biomedical application

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Liu ◽  
Jiaru Fang ◽  
Shuang Huang ◽  
Xiaoxue Wu ◽  
Xi Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Tumor Evolution

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of human death, despite enormous efforts to explore cancer biology and develop anticancer therapies. The main challenges in cancer research are establishing an efficient tumor microenvironment in vitro and exploring efficient means for screening anticancer drugs to reveal the nature of cancer and develop treatments. The tumor microenvironment possesses human-specific biophysical and biochemical factors that are difficult to recapitulate in conventional in vitro planar cell models and in vivo animal models. Therefore, model limitations have hindered the translation of basic research findings to clinical applications. In this review, we introduce the recent progress in tumor-on-a-chip devices for cancer biology research, medicine assessment, and biomedical applications in detail. The emerging tumor-on-a-chip platforms integrating 3D cell culture, microfluidic technology, and tissue engineering have successfully mimicked the pivotal structural and functional characteristics of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. The recent advances in tumor-on-a-chip platforms for cancer biology studies and biomedical applications are detailed and analyzed in this review. This review should be valuable for further understanding the mechanisms of the tumor evolution process, screening anticancer drugs, and developing cancer therapies, and it addresses the challenges and potential opportunities in predicting drug screening and cancer treatment.

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