scholarly journals Can Vegetation Removal Successfully Restore Coastal Dune Biodiversity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Leah Fairfax Bird ◽  
Amos Bouskila ◽  
Elli Groner ◽  
Pua Bar Kutiel
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Mobile Dune ◽  
Dune Fixation ◽  
Mobile Dunes ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Coastal dune habitats have been declining globally over the last several decades due to rapid urbanization. Within remaining dune systems, dune fixation has resulted in further losses of mobile dunes with negative impacts on their associated species. Some studies suggest vegetation removal can initially promote habitat heterogeneity, and increase availability of suitable habitats for psammophile, xeric and endemic mobile dune species, but longer-term responses are generally unknown. We investigated the temporal trends of four taxonomic groups to determine the effect of vegetation removal on dune assemblages over a 12-year period at an LTER site. Three different forms of removal are investigated here—removal in a grid form on fixed dunes, removal of the wind-facing slope vegetation on semi-fixed dunes and opportunistic off-road driving on disturbed dunes. Results were varied across taxa, highlighting the need for multi-taxa monitoring in conservation and restoration management. Overall, fixed dune treatment had very little effect, while a stronger response was found in semi-fixed treatments in particular for mobile dune indicator species, which showed evidence of recolonization within a few years following treatment. Disturbed dunes were most similar to mobile dunes for animal taxa indicating that pulse removal may not be as effective as continuous press disturbance. Nevertheless, a less destructive form of disturbance such as re-introduction of grazing might be preferable and requires further investigation.

scholarly journals InBUy database of Invasive and Alien Species (IAS) in Uruguay: a useful tool to confront this threat to biodiversity

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Masciadri ◽  
Ernesto Brugnoli ◽  
Pablo Muniz
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
The World ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Managed Ecosystems ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

In Uruguay, as well as in other regions of the world, IAS cause negative impacts on natural and managed ecosystems. The use of databases is a helpful tool to elaborate different strategies for prevention and control, and to develop policies and scientific analyses related to IAS. The database of IAS in Uruguay (InBUy) was developed during two time periods (2006-2007 and 2009-2010). It currently contains information on 33 specialists of different taxonomic groups, 14 research projects, 185 references, 351 species and 4,715 records, with vascular plants having both the highest number of species and records. Among vascular plants, herbaceous life forms are the most strongly represented, followed by trees and shrubs. Within animals, the fishes and mollusks are the most important groups. Analysis of the native distribution areas of IAS showed that most are indigenous from Europe, followed by Asia and Oceania. Data showed that introductions of IAS into Uruguay are mainly intentional (67%), so efforts should be focused on policies and rules in order to control the entrance of exotic organisms and prevent new invasions. The geography of the compiled dataset shows the main impact is along the coastline, where the highest exotic species richness and records occurs, and also the most biological invasions. The InBUy database is up-to-date and has successfully contributed to the creation of an official IAS list for Uruguay and both a National and a Coastal Geographic Information System. It has also been used for developing consciousness about this important threat to biodiversity, at both national and regional scales.

scholarly journals LIMNOLOGY AND WATER QUALITY IN AN URBAN WATERSHED IN NORTH PANTANAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Paulo Alexandre Jesus Gomes-Silva ◽  
Suzy Darley De Lima ◽  
Rossean Golin ◽  
Zoraidy Marques De Lima ◽  
Eduardo Beraldo De Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Longitudinal Gradient ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Town

Studies focused on limnology and quality of water bodies are essential to produce data that support the planning and management, diagnose the current situation and propose measures to minimize the possible negative impacts on water resources. The Tereza Botas creek drains the town of Poconé-MT, situated in the Pantanal border. In this sense, the objective of this study was to verify the variations in limnological characteristics along the longitudinal gradient and evaluate the water quality of the Tereza Botas watershed, identifying the impacts from anthropogenic activities of this important Pantanal watershed. Four sampling points along the longitudinal gradient of the water stream have been defined, and physical, chemical and microbiological variables were analyzed. The results indicated that the changes in limnological and water quality derive from the riparian vegetation removal, erosion and discharge of sewage in natura. In addition, high density of E. coli was observed in most of the sampled points, demonstrating that the lack of proper sanitation as well as the presence of rudimentary cesspit are negatively affecting water quality in the headwaters region.

scholarly journals Globally Consistent Assessment of Coastal Eutrophication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elígio Maúre ◽  
Genki Terauchi ◽  
Joji Ishizaka ◽  
Nicholas Clinton ◽  
Michael DeWitt
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Coastal Eutrophication ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Consistent Assessment ◽  
Increasing Trends

Abstract Eutrophication associated with increasing anthropogenic nutrient loading is an emerging global concern. Often, eutrophication is concomitant with negative impacts on ecosystems and human well-being. Nevertheless, the impacts and the extent of eutrophication are limited to regions with dedicated monitoring programmes. Here we introduce the Global Eutrophication Watch, the first global and interactive assessment map of coastal eutrophication potential (CEP). It is constructed on Google Earth Engine and it evaluates temporal trends in satellite chlorophyll-a (CHL), a proxy for phytoplankton biomass, to devise a global map of CEP. Our analyses suggest that, globally, coastal waters (depth ≤200 m) covering ~1.15 million km2 are eutrophic potential. We found that waters associated with CHL increasing trends—those with potential for further deterioration of water quality—are twofold higher than those showing signs of recovery. The tool effectively identified areas of known eutrophication with severe symptoms, such as dead zones, as well as those with limited to no information of the eutrophication. Our tool introduces the prospect for a consistent global assessment of eutrophication trends with major implications for monitoring Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This work contributes to the application of Earth Observations in support of SDGs.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing and GIS based Land Use Land Cover Analysis in Chandel District, Manipur, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
Ashangbam Inaoba Singh ◽  
Kanwarpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Barren Area ◽  
Landsat 7

Abstract Rapid urbanization has dramatically altered land use and land cover (LULC). The focus of this research is on the examination of the last two decades. The research was conducted in the Chandel district of Manipur, India. The LULC of Chandel (encompassing a 3313 km2 geographical area) was mapped using remotely sensed images from LANDSAT4-5, LANDSAT 7 ETM+, and LANDSAT 8 (OLI) to focus on spatial and temporal trends between years 2000 and 2021. The LULC maps with six major classifications viz., Thickly Vegetated Area (TVA), Sparsely Vegetated Area (SVA), Agriculture Area (AA), Population Area (PA), Water Bodies (WB), and Barren Area (BA) of the were generated using supervised classification approach. For the image classification procedure, interactive supervised classification is adopted to calculate the area percentage. The results interpreted that the TVA covers approximately 65% of the total mapped area in year 2002, which has been decreased up to 60% in 2007, 56% in 2011, 55 % in 2017, and 52% in 2021. The populated area also increases significantly in these two decades. The change and increase in the PA has been observed from year 2000 (8%) to 2021 (11%). Water Bodies remain same throughout the study period. Deforestation occurs as a result of the rapid rise of the population and the extension of the territory.

Landscape drivers of coastal dune mobility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Smyth ◽  
Ryan Wilson ◽  
Paul Rooney ◽  
Katherine Yates
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Coastal Sand Dunes ◽  
Dune Vegetation ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Coastal Conservation ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Mobile Dunes

<p>Coastal dunes are dynamic landforms whose morphology is governed primarily by climate and vegetation dynamics. Over the last 50 years, coastal sand dunes across the globe have dramatically ‘greened’ and wind speeds fallen (Pye et al., 2014; Delgado-Fernandez et al., 2019; Jackson et al., 2019), reducing aeolian transport of sediment and minimising dune reshaping by near-surface winds.  This rapid vegetation has also been attributed to a dramatic decline of several rare species of plants and invertebrates in several coastal dune systems (Howe et al., 2010; Pye et al., 2014). In an effort to increase habitat diversity, large-scale vegetation removal and dune re-profiling are becoming increasingly common interventions. However sustained aeolian activity following intervention appears to be rare (Arens et al., 2013).</p><p>In order to better understand the environmental drivers of long-term dune mobility, this work explores the landscape scale physical factors related to self-sustaining ‘natural’ mobile dunes across the United Kingdom. The analysis presented includes the use of geographically weighted regression, a spatial analysis technique that models the local relationships between predictors (e.g. wind speed, slope, elevation, aspect, surface roughness) and an outcome of interest (mobile dunes). It is hoped that the results of this work will help guide decision-making with regards the location, scale and morphology of future interventions in order to maximise their sustainability, minimising the need for maintenance and further intervention.</p><p>References</p><p>Arens, S.M., Slings, Q.L., Geelen, L.H. and Van der Hagen, H.G., 2013. Restoration of dune mobility in the Netherlands. In Restoration of coastal dunes (pp. 107-124). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.</p><p>Delgado-Fernandez, I., O'Keeffe, N., & Davidson-Arnott, R. G. (2019). Natural and human controls on dune vegetation cover and disturbance. Science of The Total Environment, 672, 643-656.</p><p>Howe, M. A., Knight, G. T., & Clee, C. (2010). The importance of coastal sand dunes for terrestrial invertebrates in Wales and the UK, with particular reference to aculeate Hymenoptera (bees, wasps & ants). Journal of Coastal Conservation, 14(2), 91-102.</p><p>Jackson, D. W., Costas, S., González-Villanueva, R., & Cooper, A. (2019). A global ‘greening’of coastal dunes: An integrated consequence of climate change?. Global and Planetary Change, 182, 103026.</p><p>Pye, K., Blott, S. J., & Howe, M. A. (2014). Coastal dune stabilization in Wales and requirements for rejuvenation. Journal of coastal conservation, 18(1), 27-54.</p>

Geomorphic and sediment volume responses of a coastal dune complex following invasive vegetation removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1148-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan B. R. Eamer ◽  
Ian B. Darke ◽  
Ian J. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Sediment Volume

Roads and wildlife: impacts, mitigation and implications for wildlife management in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan D. Taylor ◽  
Ross L. Goldingay
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Species Barrier ◽  
Barrier Effects ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Crossing Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Road Crossing

Roads can disrupt the population processes of vertebrate wildlife species through habitat fragmentation and vehicle collision. The aims of this review were to synthesise the recent literature on road impacts on wildlife, to identify gaps in our understanding of this topic and to guide future research and management in Australia. We reviewed 244 published studies from the last decade on road and vehicle impacts on wildlife conducted worldwide. A geographic bias was evident among the studies, with 51% conducted in North America, 25% in Europe, 17% in Australia and 7% across several other countries. A taxonomic bias was evident towards mammals (53%), with far fewer studies on birds (10%), amphibians (9%) and reptiles (8%), and some (20%) included multiple taxonomic groups. Although this bias is partly explained by large insurance and medical costs associated with collisions involving large mammals, it is also evident in Australia and signals that large components of biodiversity are being neglected. Despite a prevalence of studies on wildlife road mortality (34%), population impacts are poorly described, although negative impacts are implicated for many species. Barrier effects of roads were examined in 44 studies, with behavioural aversion leading to adverse genetic consequences identified for some species. The installation of road-crossing structures for wildlife has become commonplace worldwide, but has largely outpaced an understanding of any population benefits. Road underpasses appear to be an important generic mitigation tool because a wide range of taxa use them. This knowledge can guide management until further information becomes available. Global concern about the decline of amphibians should lead to a greater focus on road impacts on this group. Priorities for research in Australia include (1) genetic studies on a range of taxa to provide an understanding of life-history traits that predispose species to barrier effects from roads, (2) studies that examine whether crossing structures alleviate population impacts from roads and (3) studies that describe the behavioural response of frogs to crossing structures and that identify factors that may promote the use of suitable structures. A national strategy to mitigate the impacts of roads on wildlife populations is long overdue and must ensure that research on this topic is adequately funded.

scholarly journals Land-Use Conflict Identification from the Perspective of Construction Space Expansion: An Evaluation Method Based on ‘Likelihood-Exposure-Consequence’

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Ruoying Tian
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Land Use Conflict ◽  
Internal Mechanism ◽  
Conflict Identification ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Daye City ◽  
Conflict Intensity

Land-use conflict (LUC) is a major problem of land management in the context of rapid urbanization. Conflict identification plays an important role in the development and protection of land space. Considering the possibility of, exposure to, and negative impacts of LUC, we explore the probability of land-use cover change (LUCC), policy constraints, and ecosystem service value (ESV) and build a conflict identification model based on the LEC concept of risk assessment. Taking Daye City as an example, we classify the conflict intensity and delimit the key conflict areas. At the same time, a composite classification system is constructed to analyze the spatial characteristics and internal mechanism of conflict. We find that the conflict between construction and ecological space is the main conflict in Daye City (P.R. China), which is widely distributed. However, the conflict between construction and agricultural space, which is mainly distributed near the center of Daye City, cannot be ignored.

scholarly journals Effect of different management techniques on bird taxonomic groups on rice fields in the Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Green Choi ◽  
Min Seock Do ◽  
Seok-Jun Son ◽  
Hyung-Kyu Nam
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Bird Habitat ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Cultivation Methods ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Herbicide Use

AbstractMany bird species rely on the ecological functions of rice field habitats (e.g., paddy, levee, road, and ditch). However, recent intensive practices are causing rice fields to provide fewer suitable habitats. This study examined bird habitat usage and how it is affected by cultivation methods (e.g., eco-friendly vs conventional fields). Eco-friendly and conventional rice fields in the midwestern region of the Republic of Korea were surveyed from January 2014 to December 2016, and the species presence, number of birds, and locations of observed habitats were recorded. It was found that shorebirds and herons used more eco-friendly rice paddies with lower or no pesticide and/or herbicide use, while waterfowl used paddy habitats more than the other habitats, regardless of the amounts of pesticides and/or herbicides used. Land birds used ditches or roads in conventional rice fields more than those in fields that used pesticides and/or herbicides. Pesticide and/or herbicide use affected bird taxonomic groups differently. Consequently, the use of habitats by different bird taxonomic groups varied depending on the crop cultivation as well as the cultivation methods. These results provided valuable information for managing rice fields, which serve as habitats for birds.

scholarly journals Globally Consistent Assessment of Coastal Eutrophication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elígio Maúre ◽  
Genki Terauchi ◽  
Joji Ishizaka ◽  
Nicholas Clinton ◽  
Michael DeWitt
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Coastal Eutrophication ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Consistent Assessment ◽  
Increasing Trends

Abstract Eutrophication associated with increasing anthropogenic nutrient loading is an emerging global concern. Often, eutrophication is concomitant with negative impacts on ecosystems and human well-being. Nevertheless, the impacts and the extent of eutrophication are limited to regions with dedicated monitoring programmes. Here we introduce the Global Eutrophication Watch, the first global and interactive assessment map of coastal eutrophication potential (CEP). It is constructed on Google Earth Engine and it evaluates temporal trends in satellite chlorophyll-a (CHL), a proxy for phytoplankton biomass, to devise a global map of CEP. Our analyses suggest that, globally, coastal waters (depth ≤ 200 m) covering ~ 1.15 million km2 are eutrophic potential. We found that waters associated with CHL increasing trends—those with potential for further deterioration of water quality—are twofold higher than those showing signs of recovery. The tool effectively identified areas of known eutrophication with severe symptoms, such as dead zones, as well as those with limited to no information of the eutrophication. Our tool introduces the prospect for a consistent global assessment of eutrophication trends with major implications for monitoring Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This work contributes to the application of Earth Observations in support of SDGs.

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