scholarly journals Mechanical Strength Evaluation of Elastic Materials by Multiphysical Nondestructive Methods: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiting Huan ◽  
Lixian Liu ◽  
Andreas Mandelis ◽  
Cuiling Peng ◽  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain Relation ◽  
The Stability

The main purpose of industrial nondestructive testing (NDT) is to diagnose the stability, reliability and failure probability of materials, components and structures. Industrial component mechanical strength is one of the most important properties NDT is used to characterize. Subtle but perceptible changes in stress-strain behavior can be reliable indicators of defect formation. A detailed review on the state-of-the-art NDT methods using optical-radiation, photoacoustic, and photothermal techniques for mechanical strength evaluation and defect pre-diagnosis is presented in this article. Mechanical strength is analyzed in terms of the deformation/strain field, the stress-strain relation, and the residual stress in an elastic material subjected to tensile or compressive loading, or impact. By introducing typical NDT experiments, the history and features of each methodology are revisited and typical applications are discussed. This review also aims to be used as a reference toward further research and development of NDT technologies characterizing mechanical strength of materials and components.

Stress-Based Forming Limits in Sheet-Metal Forming

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Stoughton
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Strain Path ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Relation ◽  
Stress Strain Relation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of

A strain-based forming limit criterion is widely used throughout the sheet-metal forming industry to gauge the stability of the deformed material with respect to the development of a localized neck prior to fracture. This criterion is strictly valid only when the strain path is linear throughout the deformation process. There is significant data that shows a strong and complex dependence of the limit criterion on the strain path. Unfortunately, the strain path is never linear in secondary forming and hydro-forming processes. Furthermore, the path is often found to be nonlinear in localized critical areas in the first draw die. Therefore, the conventional practice of using a path-independent strain-based forming limit criterion often leads to erroneous assessments of forming severity. Recently it has been reported that a stress-based forming limit criterion appears to exhibit no strain-path dependencies. Subsequently, it has been suggested that this effect is not real, but is due to the saturation of the stress-strain relation. This paper will review and compare the strain-based and stress-based forming limit criteria, looking at a number of factors that are involved in the definition of the stress-based forming limit, including the role of the stress-strain relation.

Modeling of stress-strain relation of cement-treated sand under compression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawaja Adeel Tariq ◽  
Takeshi Maki
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Uniaxial Stress ◽  
Limestone Powder ◽  
Compressive Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain Relation ◽  
Uniaxial Compressive Stress

AbstractThis research work has been conducted to model the uniaxial stress-strain compressive behavior of cement-treated sand and its post-peak softening area. The cylindrical specimens were produced by using limestone powder, sand and high early strength cement. The mixtures were made by using different ratios of water to cement with fixed ratio of limestone powder to cement and cement to sand. The stress-strain behavior in post-peak zone of cement-treated is adjusted with introduction of compression softening factor. Uniaxial compressive stress-strain relationships after amending the Japanese Society of Civil Engineers model are proposed. Finite element analysis shows that the suggested model estimates well the compressive behavior of cement-treated sand.

Stress-Strain Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Under Compressive Loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3777-3780
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior

Study of the Yielding and Strain Hardening Behavior of a Copper Thin Film on a Silicon Substrate Using Microbeam Bending

2001 ◽  
Vol 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Florando ◽  
William D. Nix
Keyword(s):  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Hardening Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain Relation ◽  
Cu Film ◽  
Beam Bending ◽  
Strain Hardening Behavior

ABSTRACTRecently a new microbeam bending technique utilizing triangular beams was introduced. For this geometry, the film on top of the beam deforms uniformly when the beams are deflected, unlike the standard rectangular geometry in which the bending is concentrated at the support. The yielding behavior of the film can be modeled using average stress-strain equations to predict the stress-strain relation for the film while attached to its substrate. This model has also been used to show that the gradint of stress and strain through the thickness of the film, which occurs during beam bending, does not obscure the measurement of the yield stress in our analysis.Utilizing this technique, the yielding and strain hardening behavior of bare Cu thin films has been investigated. The Cu film was thermally cycled from room temperature to 500 °C, and from room temperature to –196°C. The film was tested after each cycle. The thermal cycles were performed to examine the effect of thermal processing on the stress-strain behavior of the film.

Characterization of the Behavior of Rubber for Engineering Design Purposes. 1. Stress-Strain Relations

1994 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. L. Davies ◽  
Dilip K. De ◽  
A. G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Pure Shear ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Analytical Form ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain Relation ◽  
Strain Invariant ◽  
Filled Rubbers ◽  
Simple Deformation

Abstract The stress-strain behavior of a range of black-filled rubbers has been studied in extension, compression, pure shear and simple shear. The data have been analyzed to examine the validity of Gregory's hypothesis that the stored energy function U of filled rubbers can be expressed solely in terms of the strain invariant I1, ignoring I2, to an accuracy adequate for most engineering design requirements. Our results confirm his suggestion. An analytical form for U is proposed which gives a very good fit to the experimental data for strains from less than 0.1% to somewhat greater than 100%, which cover the range of interest for most engineering applications. The dependencies of the parameters in the expression for U on filler level and degree of crosslinking have been examined. It has thus been demonstrated that, for a given material, the form of U can be determined from the measured stress-strain relation in any simple deformation mode, shear or tension for example, without the necessity of relatively difficult biaxial measurements, and that this function should then be applicable to any deformation mode, complex or simple.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR OF WORKINGS AT CRIOLITIC ZONE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Vasily Baryshnikov ◽  
Lidiya Gakhova
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Impact Zones

The researching results of temperature impact on stress-strain behavior of the solid near single rooms, advanced at ever-frozen soils out of impact zones of actual mining are shown. Regularities of displacement and stress changes in containing solid and on contour of the working are established in dependence on its operation time and ventilating temperature. It is shown that in conditions of Aykhal mine, Alrosa Enterprise, at working depth 350m and its ventilation for 3 year under the temperature 20°С the working convergence in vertical direction is collated with elastic displacements being occurred by drive. The approach allowing to determine the stability category of rock mass based on estimation of predicted displacements of working under its ventilation is proposed. Carried out investigations are aimed for development of methodologic and regulating documents to validate parameters of working support at cryolitic zones.

Tensile and Bending Behavior of Sintered Alloys: Experimental Results and Modeling

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bertini ◽  
V. Fontanari ◽  
G. Straffelini
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
Sintered Alloys ◽  
Sintered Materials ◽  
Plastic Stress

Sintered materials show a different stress-strain behavior when subjected to tensile or compressive loading, the response to compression being characterized by a higher elastic modulus, yield stress, and strain hardening rate. These differences tend to make the bending behavior somewhat more complex to analyze, particularly in the elasto-plastic field, as compared to conventional materials, having equal mechanical properties under tension and compression. As a consequence, the use of widely applied test techniques, such as the Three Point Bending (TPB), becomes more difficult for sintered materials, due to the lack of reliable analytical models capable of evaluating elasto-plastic stress-strain distribution as a function of applied load and deflection. In the present investigation, the results of uniaxial tensile-compressive and bending tests conducted on sintered ferrous alloys characterized by different microstructures and porosity are reported and briefly discussed. Then an analytical model, specifically aimed to analyze the elasto-plastic monotonic behavior of a TPB specimen made with a material having different tensile and compressive properties, is presented. Its predictions as regards load-deflection curves and elasto-plastic stress-strain distributions are compared with the results of TPB tests and of numerical (Finite Element) analysis, showing a fairly good agreement.

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