scholarly journals Low-Osmolality Carbohydrate–Electrolyte Solution Ingestion Avoid Fluid Loss and Oxidative Stress after Exhaustive Endurance Exercise

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Wen-Ching Huang ◽  
Yu-Tang Tung ◽  
Mai-Szu Wu ◽  
Ming-Che Liu ◽  
Tsai-Jung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Low-osmolality carbohydrate–electrolyte solution (LCS) ingestion can replace losses from exercise-induced dehydration, but the benefits of LCS ingestion strategy after exhaustive endurance exercise (EEE) remain unknown. The present study evaluated the effects of LCS ingestion on dehydration, oxidative stress, renal function, and aerobic capacity after EEE. In our study with its double-blind, crossover, counterbalanced design, 12 healthy male participants were asked to consume LCS (150 mL four times per hour) or placebo (water) 1 h before and 1 h after EEE. All participants completed a graded exercise test to exhaustion on a treadmill for the determination of maximal oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2 max ), applied to further intensity calibration, and then completed the EEE test. The average heart rate, maximal heart rate, running time to exhaustion, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were recorded during the exercise period. The participants’ body weight was recorded at different time points before and after the EEE to calculate the dehydration rate. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 2 h after EEE to determine indicators of oxidative stress and renal function. The results indicated that the dehydration rates in participants with LCS ingestion at 15 min, 30 min, and 45 min after EEE were significantly lower than in participants with placebo ingestion (−1.86 ± 0.47% vs. −2.24 ± 0.72%; −1.78 ± 0.50% vs. −2.13 ± 0.74%; −1.54 ± 0.51% vs. −1.94 ± 0.72%, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, the concentration of catalase in participants with LCS ingestion immediately after EEE was significantly higher than in participants with placebo ingestion (2046.21 ± 381.98 nmol/min/mL vs. 1820.37 ± 417.35 nmol/min/mL; p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of protein carbonyl in participants with LCS ingestion immediately after EEE was slightly lower than in participants with placebo ingestion (2.72 ± 0.31 nmol carbonyl/mg protein vs. 2.89 ± 0.43 nmol carbonyl/mg protein; p = 0.06). No differences were noted for other variables. Our findings conclude that LCS ingestion can effectively avoid fluid loss and oxidative stress after EEE. However, LCS ingestion had no benefits for renal function or aerobic capacity.

scholarly journals Effects of Two-Week Betaine Supplementation on Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Aerobic Capacity after Exhaustive Endurance Exercise

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
Ming-Ta Yang ◽  
Xiu-Xin Lee ◽  
Bo-Huei Huang ◽  
Li-Hui Chien ◽  
Chia-Chi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Lymphocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Placebo Trial ◽  
Sports Beverage ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

This study evaluated the effects of 2 weeks of betaine supplementation on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and aerobic capacity after exhaustive endurance exercise (EEE). A double-blind, crossover, and counterbalanced design was adopted, with 10 healthy male participants asked to consume betaine (1.25 g of betaine mixed with 300 mL of sports beverage, twice per day for 2 weeks) or placebo (300 mL of sports beverage). All participants performed a graded exercise test on a treadmill to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) before supplementation and then performed the EEE test at an intensity of 80% VO2max after 2 weeks of supplementation. The time to exhaustion, peak oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, and average heart rate were recorded during the EEE test. Venous blood samples were drawn before, immediately after, and 3 h after the EEE test to assess apoptosis and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) decline of lymphocytes as well as the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and protein carbonyl. The results indicated that lymphocyte apoptosis was significantly higher immediately after and 3 h after EEE than before exercise in participants in the placebo trial. However, lymphocyte apoptosis exhibited no significant differences among the three time points in participants in the betaine trial. Moreover, apoptosis in the betaine trial was significantly lower immediately after and 3 h after exercise compared with the placebo trial. No differences were noted for other variables. Thus, 2 weeks of betaine supplementation can effectively attenuate lymphocyte apoptosis, which is elevated by EEE. However, betaine supplementation exhibited no effects on MTP decline, oxidative stress, or aerobic capacity.

Abstract 16443: Effects of Dietary Salt Intakes on Blood Pressure, Renal Function and Oxidative Stress in Rats Treated With Candesartan

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangyi Zhu ◽  
Yanting Yu ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Salt Restriction ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Candesartan is one of angiotensin II type1 receptor blockers(ARB) and commonly used as first-line antihypertensive treatment. Low salt diet is often recommended by clinicians to the patients with hypertension and kidney diseases. However,it is not clear whether salt restriction is beneficial to the patients taking ARB. In order to explore this problem, the impacts of different salt diets on blood pressure (BP),renal function and oxidative stress were determined in 2-3 months old male Sprague Dawley rats treated with candesartan. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups fed agar-gelled food rationally with NaCl content at 0.01%, 0.8%, 2% and 4% respectively(4-7 rats/group) while all rats were intraperitoneally injected with candesartan at 1mg / kg / day for 7 days. SBP started to decline on day 2 in all except 4% NaCl groups relative to day 0 (recorded 5-6 hrs before the first injection). On day 6, systolic BP (mmHg, tail-cuff, Softron,BP-98A) was lower in 0.8% (103.7+2.3) & 0.01% (101.6+3) groups than 2% (113.5+4.1) & 4% (129.9+4.6) groups (one way ANOVA,LSD test, P<0.05) and correlated positively with food NaCl intakes (R 2 =0.9832). DBP was changed in a similar pattern as SBP. Serum creatinine (μmol/L) was higher in 0.01% group (225+39) than groups of 0.8% (1328+350), 2% (2095+242) and 4% (1576+703) while creatinine clearance (ml/day) was lower in 0.01% group (69.3+9) than groups of 0.8% (43.7+9), 2%(27.7+2) and 4%(29+0.6). In order to determine whether oxidative stress plays any role in the BP regulation and renal function maintenance, we also checked renal protein expression of ROS components. Relative to 0.8% group, renal NOXs were not altered in 0.01% group while NOX1 (145+18,% of 0.8% group), NOX2 (240+54) and NOX4 (197+41) was higher in 2% group than other groups. Mn-SOD (77+7.8), not Cu-Zn SOD, was decreased while HO1 (170+16), not HO2, was increased in 0.01% group. Renal abundance of nitrotyrosine was lower in 0.01% than other groups indicating a decreased oxidative stress, possibly caused by increase in HO1. We concluded that salt restriction with candesartan is beneficial to antihypertensive effect of AT1R blockade but disadvantage to maintenance of renal function. Thus, cautions to choice of low salt intakes are necessary when taking ARB agents.

scholarly journals Aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides DC stem bark prevents L-NAME-induced hypertension in rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Chinte Yamjom Ramatou ◽  
◽  
Ngo Lemba Thom Esther ◽  
Florence Tsofack Ngueguim ◽  
Yannick Bekono Fouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinoides

Background: Pterocarpus santalinoides stem bark is commonly used in Cameroonian medicine to treat many diseases including hypertension. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate preventive effects of aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides (AEPS) stem bark on NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (LNAME)-induced hypertension in rat. Methods: Normotensive rats received L-NAME (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally) concomitantly with AEPS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) or captopril (20 mg/kg) orally during 3 weeks. At the end of experimental period, arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded by invasive method. After sacrifice, blood, aorta and heart were harvested for biochemical analysis on homogenate. Results: Intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME induced in rat a significant increase (p < 0.001; p < 0.01; p < 0.05) of blood pressure, heart rate, malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, hepatic and renal markers functions. L-NAME also decreased significantly (p < 0.001; p < 0.01; p < 0.05) the levels of HDL-cholesterol, nitrites, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as compared to control rats. The AEPS prevented significantly the increase (p < 0.001) of hemodynamic parameters induced by L-NAME and various modifications of biochemical parameters (lipid profile, hepatic and renal markers functions) and oxidative stress markers evaluated. Conclusion: This study shows that the aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides prevents hypertension, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress induced by L-NAME in rat by attenuating endothelial dysfunction, liver and kidney’s damages

scholarly journals Relationship between parasympathetic reactivity and oxidative stress in Polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Ayesha Akhter ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi ◽  
Shamima Sultana ◽  
Musfika Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common reproductive hormone disorder. Altered cardiovagal autonomic modulation and oxidative stress may predispose PCOS patients to increased cardiovascular morbidity. Objective: To assess the relationship between parasympathetic reactivity and oxidative stress in patients with PCOS. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbagh, Dhaka from September 2018 to August 2019 on 35 newly diagnosed obese (BMI ≥25kg/m2) PCOS patients aged 20-35 years. Age and BMI matched 35 apparently healthy women were also enrolled as control. Three noninvasive conventional autonomic function tests, such as heart rate response to deep breathing, standing and the Valsalva maneuver, were used for evaluation of parasympathetic reactivity. For assessment of oxidative stress, plasma malondialdehyde level (oxidant) and plasma catalase level(antioxidant) were measured in all subjects by spectrophotometry. Data were expressed as mean± SD. For statistical analysis Independent sample “t” test, Pearson’s correlation test and multiple regression analysis were done as applicable. Results: In this study PCOS patients had significantly higher (p<0.01)resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure than that of healthy control. But Expiration: Inspiration ratio, Expiration:Inspiration difference and 30:15 ratio during standing were significantly lower (p<0.001, p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively) in PCOS compared to control. In addition, plasma catalase level was significantly lower (p<0.01)and plasma malondialdehyde level significantly higher (p<0.001) in PCOS in comparison to healthy control. Multiple regression analysis showed plasma catalase as a significant positive predictor (p<0.05) of the Valsalva ratio in PCOS. Also, Valsalva ratio showed significant negative association (p<0.05) with plasma malondialdehyde (p<0.01)in PCOS. Conclusion: Based on these results it is concluded that impaired parasympathetic reactivity showed inverse relationship with oxidative stress in PCOS. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 48-55

scholarly journals Autonomic impairment and oxidative stress: Relationship in PCOS patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Musfika Mostafa ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi ◽  
Shamima Sultana ◽  
Ayesha Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common, heterogeneous endocrine disorder of reproductive aged women. Association of autonomic impairment and elevated oxidative stress may predispose these patients to increased cardiovascular risks. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between cardiac autonomic nerve function (CANF) and oxidative stress in patients with PCOS. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from September, 2018 to August, 2019. For this study, 30 newly diagnosed PCOS patients aged 20-35 years were recruited and similar age, body mass index (BMI) 30 apparently healthy, regularly menstruating women were enrolled as control. CANF was assessed by analyzing time domain measures of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). HRV data were recorded by a digital data acquisition device, Powerlab 8/35 (AD instruments, Australia). For evaluation of oxidative stress, plasma catalase and plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired “t” test and Pearson’s correlation test as applicable. Results: In this study, resting pulse rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher (p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.01 respectively) and standard deviation of the RR intervals (SDRR) (p<0.01), mean R-R interval, standard deviation of the difference between successive RR intervals (SDSD), square root of mean squared differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD), proportion of RR interval with duration >50 ms (pRR50%) were significantly lower (p<0.001) in PCOS than healthy controls. In addition, plasma catalase was significantly lower (p<0.01) and plasma MDA was significantly higher (p<0.001) in PCOS patients compared to controls. On correlation analysis, mean heart rate, SDRR, SDSD, RMSSD and pRR50% showed negative correlation with plasma catalase and plasma MDA (p<0.05) in PCOS patients but these were not significant. Conclusion: The present study reveals that reduced parasympathetic activity in PCOS patients may be related to oxidative stress. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 82-88

scholarly journals Impact of active lifestyle on heart rate variability and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensives

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Alves SANTA ROSA ◽  
Guilherme Lemos SHIMOJO ◽  
Danielle Silva DIAS ◽  
Ariane VIANA ◽  
Fernanda Cordoba LANZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Effects of Chronic Hookah Consumption on Aerobic Capacity, Resting and Sub-maximal Heart Rate in Men Who Are Trained and Untrained

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Saeid Nasiri ◽  
Mahmoud Nikseresht ◽  
Abdolhossein Taheri Kalani ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate

scholarly journals Impact of an active lifestyle on heart rate variability and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensives

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Santa-Rosa ◽  
G. L. Shimojo ◽  
D. S. Dias ◽  
A. Viana ◽  
F. C. Lanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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