scholarly journals Sesamol Inhibited Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Hyperpigmentation and Damage in C57BL/6 Mouse Skin

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Jhen You ◽  
Po-Yuan Wu ◽  
Yi-Jung Liu ◽  
Chien-Wei Hou ◽  
Chin-Sheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽  
Dopachrome Tautomerase ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Melanin Index ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
L Value ◽  
Related Proteins

Melanin is synthesized through a series of oxidative reactions initiated with tyrosine and catalyzed by melanogenesis-related proteins such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), dopachrome tautomerase (TRP-2), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Our previous study demonstrated that sesamol inhibited melanin synthesis through the inhibition of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)/MITF/tyrosinase pathway in B16F10 cells. In this study, sesamol was applied to C57BL/6 mouse skin to understand its activity with respect to skin pigmentation. The results indicated that ultraviolet (UV) B-induced hyperpigmentation in the C57BL/6 mouse skin was significantly reduced by topical application of sesamol for 4 weeks. Sesamol reduced the melanin index and melanin content of the skin. In addition, sesamol elevated the brightness (L* value) of the skin. Sesamol also reduced UVB-induced hyperplasia of epidermis and collagen degradation in dermis. In immunohistochemical staining, topical application of sesamol reduced UVB-induced tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF expression in the epidermis of the skin. These results demonstrated that sesamol is a potent depigmenting agent in the animal model.

scholarly journals Leathesia difformis Extract Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells via Down-Regulation of CREB Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga-Young Seo ◽  
Yuna Ha ◽  
Ah-Hyun Park ◽  
Oh Kwon ◽  
Youn-Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Melanin Synthesis ◽  
Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽  
Dopachrome Tautomerase ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein

Leathesia difformis (L.) Areschoug (L. difformis) is a species of littoral brown algae of the class Phaeophyceae. Only a few studies on the apoptotic, antiviral, and antioxidant properties of L. difformis have been reported, and its inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-melanogenic effect of L. difformis extract on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16F10 melanocytes and its mechanism of action. L. difformis was extracted using 80% ethanol (LDE) and then fractioned between ethyl acetate (LDE-EA) and water (LDE-A). Our data demonstrated that LDE-EA significantly inhibited melanin level and cellular tyrosinase activity in α-MSH-stimulated B16 cells. In addition, the expression of genes associated with melanin synthesis, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf), tyrosinase (Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Trp-1), dopachrome tautomerase (Dct), and melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) was down-regulated by LDE-EA treatment. Moreover, LDE-EA decreased p-CREB levels, which suggests that the inhibition of the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways may be involved in the anti-melanogenic effect of LDE-EA. Thus, this study revealed that LDE-EA is an effective inhibitor of hyperpigmentation through inhibition of CREB pathways and may be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation disorders.

scholarly journals The First Human Clinical Trial on the Skin Depigmentation Efficacy of Glycinamide Hydrochloride

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Yong Chool Boo ◽  
Da Jung Jo ◽  
Chang Min Oh ◽  
Shin Young Lee ◽  
Young Mi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
B Value ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Test Product ◽  
Melanin Index ◽  
L Value ◽  
Skin Irritation Test

A previous study identified certain low molecular anti-melanogenic peptides that share a common sequence with α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and end with a glycinamide moiety. Glycinamide itself also showed anti-melanogenic activity in cell-based assays, but neither glycine nor acetyl glycinamide were active, which indicated a special structure and activity relationship. The aim of this study was to examine the skin depigmentation efficacy of glycinamide hydrochloride in human subjects. The primary skin irritation potential of glycinamide hydrochloride was evaluated by patch testing in 30 human subjects. The skin depigmentation efficacy of glycinamide hydrochloride was evaluated in a double-blinded clinical test in 21 human subjects. The test product and a control product were applied to designated sites on the right or left side of the face twice daily for eight weeks. Skin color parameters, i.e., the melanin index, the L* value (representing skin lightness), a* value (redness), and b* value (yellowness) were measured using instruments. The individual topology angle (ITAo, representing skin color) was calculated from L* and b values. The degree of skin pigmentation was visually assessed by two testers. The primary skin irritation test showed that a solution containing glycinamide hydrochloride up to 10% did not induce any adverse skin responses. In the efficacy test, the test product significantly reduced the melanin index, and increased L* value and ITAo after two weeks of application relative to the baseline value at the start of the test. It also significantly lowered the degree of pigmentation after 6 weeks of application, relative to the baseline value. Differences in the melanin index, L* value, ITAo and the degree of pigmentation between the test and control groups became statistically significant after six weeks or eight weeks of application. No signs of skin irritation were observed during the efficacy test. The present study suggests that glycinamide hydrochloride has great potential to be used in the control of skin hyperpigmentation.

The early changes in mouse skin following topical application of a range of middle distillate oil products

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ingram ◽  
D. J. King ◽  
P. Grasso ◽  
M. Sharratt
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Middle Distillate

scholarly journals Sulforaphane-Mediated Nrf2 Activation Prevents Radiation-Induced Skin Injury through Inhibiting the Oxidative-Stress-Activated DNA Damage and NLRP3 Inflammasome

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1850
Author(s):  
Jinlong Wei ◽  
Qin Zhao ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Weiyan Shi ◽  
Huanhuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Radiation Induced

This article mainly observed the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on radiation-induced skin injury (RISI). In addition, we will discuss the mechanism of SFN’s protection on RISI. The RISI model was established by the irradiation of the left thigh under intravenous anesthesia. Thirty-two C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into control group (CON), SFN group, irradiation (IR) group, and IR plus SFN (IR/SFN) group. At eight weeks after irradiation, the morphological changes of mouse skin tissues were detected by H&E staining. Then, the oxidative stress and inflammatory response indexes in mouse skin tissues, as well as the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes, were evaluated by ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blotting. The H&E staining showed the hyperplasia of fibrous tissue in the mouse dermis and hypodermis of the IR group. Western blotting and ELISA results showed that the inflammasome of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β, as well as oxidative stress damage indicators ROS, 4-HNE, and 3-NT, in the skin tissues of mice in the IR group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, the above pathological changes declined sharply after SFN treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of Nrf2 and its regulated antioxidant enzymes, including CAT and HO-1, were higher in the skin tissues of SFN and IR/SFN groups, but lower in the control and IR groups (p < 0.05). SFN may be able to suppress the oxidative stress by upregulating the expression and function of Nrf2, and subsequently inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and DNA damage, so as to prevent and alleviate the RISI.

Effect of Topical Application of Honey in Management of Radiation Induced Stomatitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-84
Author(s):  
Fatma Gano ◽  
Amany M Shebl ◽  
Wafaa Sherief ◽  
Inas Abdel Halim ◽  
Amira Hssanein
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Radiation Induced

Modulation of melanogenic protein expression during the switch from eu- to pheomelanogenesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 2301-2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kobayashi ◽  
W.D. Vieira ◽  
B. Potterf ◽  
C. Sakai ◽  
G. Imokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Dopachrome Tautomerase ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Agouti Protein ◽  
Enzymatic Function ◽  
Lethal Yellow ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Catalytic Functions

Mammalian melanocytes can produce two basic types of melanin, eumelanin and pheomelanin, within discrete organelles termed melanosomes. The physiological signals that regulate this switch are extrinsic to the melanocyte, and include alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and the agouti protein. Tyrosinase, encoded at the albino locus, is the enzyme essential for the synthesis of both types of melanin, but other tyrosinase-related proteins (e.g. TRP1 encoded at the brown locus and TRP2 encoded at the slaty locus) regulate eumelanogenesis catalytically at steps distal to tyrosinase (as 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase and DOPAchrome tautomerase, respectively). The silver protein is another melanosomal protein, and although it has some limited homology to the tyrosinase-related proteins, it does not have any known enzymatic function and probably serves as a structural matrix protein. The role of each of those melanosomal proteins in pheomelanogenesis, however, is still unclear. In this study, we have compared the expression and catalytic functions of those proteins in pheomelanic and eumelanic hair bulb melanocytes. There was no detectable expression of TRP1 or TRP2, or either of their enzymatic activities, in hair bulbs of lethal yellow (Ay/a) newborn mice, and tyrosinase activity was present at a reduced level compared to that found in hair bulbs of black (a/a) newborn mice. Similar results were observed in regenerating hair bulbs of adult lethal yellow mice and in hair bulbs of 5- to 7-day-old agouti mice (A/A), an age where pheomelanin is produced predominantly. Expression of the silver protein was similarly not observed in hair bulbs of the pheomelanic mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Preventing Radiation-Induced Injury by Topical Application of an Amifostine Metabolite-Loaded Thermogel

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Clémenson ◽  
Winchygn Liu ◽  
Denis Bricout ◽  
Loren Soyez-Herkert ◽  
Cyrus Chargari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Topical Application of Cinnamaldehyde Promotes Faster Healing of Skin Wounds Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago A.F. Ferro ◽  
Eliene B. Souza ◽  
Mariela A.M. Suarez ◽  
João F.S. Rodrigues ◽  
Domingos M.S. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Infected Skin

Wound healing can be delayed following colonization and infection with the common bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. While multiple therapies are used for their treatment, these are ineffective, expensive, and labour-intensive. Thus, there is an enormous unmet need for the treatment of infected wounds. Cinnamaldehyde, the major component of cinnamon oil, is well known for its antimicrobial properties. Herein, we investigated the effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of cinnamaldehyde in the virulence of P. aeruginosa. We also assessed its healing potential in P. aeruginosa-infected mouse skin wounds and the mechanisms involved in this response. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of cinnamaldehyde reduced P. aeruginosa metabolic rate and its ability to form biofilm and to cause haemolysis. Daily topical application of cinnamaldehyde on P. aeruginosa-infected skin wounds reduced tissue bacterial load and promoted faster healing. Lower interleukin-17 (IL-17), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide levels were detected in cinnamaldehyde-treated wound samples. Blockage of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1, the pharmacological target of cinnamaldehyde, abrogated its healing activity and partially reversed the inhibitory actions of this compound on VEGF and IL-17 generation. We suggest that topical application of sub-inhibitory concentrations of cinnamaldehyde may represent an interesting approach to improve the healing of P. aeruginosa-infected skin wounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document