scholarly journals Effect of Anacardic Acid against Thiram Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chickens via Regulation of Wnt4 Expression

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Jiang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Tibial Dyschondroplasia ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Tibial Growth Plate

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a tibia bone problem in broilers. Anacardic acid (AA) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is commonly used to treat arthritis in human. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of AA against TD. A total of 300 day-old poultry birds were equally divided and distributed into three different groups: Control, TD and AA groups. The results showed that the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the TD group than control chickens. The tibia bone parameters including weight, length and width were of low quality in TD chickens, while the width of the tibial growth plate was enlarged remarkably. Whereas, in the AA treatment group, the tibia bone parameters showed improvement and tend to return to normal. The antioxidant parameters level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total and antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased significantly in TD affected chickens. AA administration restored the antioxidant parameters significantly. The gene expression revealed a decrease in Wnt4 expression in TD chickens as compared to control chickens, while AA treatment up-regulated the Wnt4 expression. The present study demonstrates that the AA plays an important role to prevent the lameness and restore the size of tibial growth plate of chickens by regulating the expression of Wnt4.

scholarly journals The role of selenium in ameliorating the impact of heat stress on growth, hormones, minerals and tibia measurements of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
D. I. Ndubuisi ◽  
O. M. Daudu ◽  
M. Abdulrashid
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Daily Water Intake ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Daily Water

The study was conducted to investigate the potent capacity of selenium to curtail the adverse  effects of heat stress in broiler chickens. A total of 256, day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were  randomly allotted to four experimental treatments (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mgSe/kg), with four  replicates in a completely randomized design. Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight  gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, daily water intake, feed cost/kg gain, mortality,  serum cortisol and thyroxine levels, calcium, phosphorus and ash levels in tibia bone and  faeces and weight, length and robusticity index of tibia bone were determined. Results  indicated that Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight gain, final weight, feed  conversion ratio, daily water intake and mortality were similar (p>0.05) across the treatment  groups and feed cost/kg gain was lower in broilers birds fed 0.3 mgSe/kg. Selenium  supplementation at 0.1 and 0.2 mgSe/kg lowered (p<0.05) cortisol and increased (p>0.05)  thyroxine level, respectively. Mineral deposition in tibia bone was similar (p>0.05), calcium  excretion was higher (p<0.05) in the control group and higher phosphorus was observed in  the faeces of broilers fed the control diet, 0.1 and 0.3 mgSe/kg. Tibia measurements were  similar (p>0.05) in all treatments.     L'étude a été menée pour étudier la puissante capacité du sélénium à réduire les effets  néfastes du stress thermique chez les poulets de chair. Un total de 256 poussins de poulets  Cobb 500 âgés d'un jour ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements expérimentaux (0,  0.1, 0.2 et 0.3 mgSe / kg), avec quatre réplicats dans un plan complètement randomisé. Poids  initial, apport alimentaire quotidien, gain de poids quotidien, poids final, taux de conversion  alimentaire, apport quotidien en eau, coût de l'aliment / gain de kg, mortalité, taux de cortisol  et de thyroxine sériques, taux de calcium, de phosphore et de cendres dans les os et les fèces  du tibia et poids, la longueur et l'indice de robustesse de l'os du tibia ont été déterminés. Les  résultats ont indiqué que le poids initial, l'apport alimentaire quotidien, le gain de poids  quotidien, le poids final, le ratio de conversion alimentaire, l'apport quotidien en eau et la  mortalité étaient similaires (p> 0.05) dans les groupes de traitement et le coût de  l'alimentation / gain en kg était plus faible chez les poulets de chair nourris 0.3 mgSe / kg. Une  supplémentation en sélénium à 0.1 et 0.2 mgSe / kg a abaissé (p <0.05) le cortisol et augmenté  (p> 0.05) le taux de thyroxine, respectivement. Les dépôts de minéraux dans l'os du tibia  étaient similaires (p> 0.05), l'excrétion de calcium était plus élevée (p <0.05) dans le groupe  témoin et une plus grande quantité de phosphore a été observée dans les fèces des poulets de

Combined supplementation of organic acid blend and hydrolyzed yeast mixture increases growth performance and tibia bone strength in broilers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽  
Saima Masood ◽  
Hafsa Zaneb ◽  
Aneela Zameer Durrani ◽  
Asim Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Combined Supplementation

This study investigates the effects of hydrolyzed yeast mixture (HYM) and an organic acid blend (OAB) supplementation individually and in combination on growth performance and tibia bone characteristics of broilers. A total number of 128 one day- old chicks were divided into four different groups with each group having 4 replicates in a trial of 35 days. The first group was kept as control whereas, the second and third groups were given HYM and OAB respectively. The fourth group (HYM+OAB) was given combination of HYM and OAB. At the end of trial, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered for analysis. Results revealed that feed conversion ratio and live body weight were significantly higher in HYM+OAB compared to other groups. Tibial bone analysis revealed that robusticity and tibiotarsal indices were significantly better for HYM+OAB. It is concluded that compared to individual, combined supplementation of HYM and OAB is more beneficial in broilers.

Microbial phytase improves performance and bone traits in broilers fed diets based on soybean meal and containing lupin meal

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kaczmarek ◽  
A. J. Cowieson ◽  
M. Hejdysz ◽  
A. Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
P Content ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

A completely randomised design study with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was conducted. A total of 480 male broiler chickens were used to determine the influence of phytase addition, plant protein source [soybean meal, soybean meal + 200 g/kg of blue lupin meal (Lupinus angustifolius L.) or soybean meal + 200 g/kg yellow lupin meal (Lupinus luteus L.)] on performance of broiler chickens, ileal calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and protein digestibility, tibia bone characteristics and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy. All diets were deficient in Ca, available P as well as lysine and total sulfur amino acids. Birds fed different protein sources were characterised by similar bodyweight gain and feed intake during the whole trial but feed conversion ratio was higher when birds were fed supplemented with yellow lupin meal (P < 0.05). Phytase improved bodyweight gain and feed conversion ratio regardless of protein source (P < 0.05). Diets supplemented with 200 g/kg blue or yellow lupin meal were found to be lower in nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy than soybean meal diets (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets supplemented with phytase were characterised by higher utilisation of Ca and P than birds whose feed was not supplemented with phytase (P < 0.05). Tibia bone ash as well as Ca content was similar across protein sources (P > 0.05), whereas tibia P content was lower when soybean meal or blue lupin meal was used (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets supplemented with blue lupin meal were characterised by the highest tibia P content (P < 0.05). Birds fed phytase-supplemented diets were characterised by higher tibia Ca and P content irrespective of protein source.

PREDICTION OF DAILY GAIN, BACKFAT THICKNESS AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO AMONG CROSSBRED TERMINAL SIRES BETWEEN PUREBRED DUROC, PIETRAIN, AND LANDRACE BY CBE 4.0 SOFTWARE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (29) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Hop Van Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Huu Nguyen ◽  
Hoa Van Tran ◽  
Kinh Van La
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Development Center ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of the study is to compare the practical results with the predicted results by Crossbreeding Effects (CBE) software on pig crossbred based on daily gain, backfat thickness and feed conversion ratio. Another purpose of this study is to predict those three traits among some expected hybridization. This research was conducted on pig farm at Binh Thang Research and Development center from 2013 to 2017. In this study, for each pair of purebred Duroc and Pietrain, Duroc and Landrace, Pietrain and Landrace, twelve hybridizations were analyzed, nine unhybridizations were predicted by CBE software. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the predicted and actual data. With some unhybridization crossbred , the predictions showed high reliability (P<0.05). Based on the predicted data of CBE software , some traits of the crossbred animals would not be improved, therefore, it was not necessary to conduct these hybridizations

scholarly journals KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN SEKAM PADI YANG DIFERMENTASI EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM-4 (EM-4) DISUPLEMENTASI DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L) TERHADAP PERFORMANS DAN KARKAS ITIK BALI UMUR 22 MINGGU

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Partama I. B. G. ◽  
T. G. Belawa Yadnya ◽  
A. A. A. S. Trisnadewi ◽  
A. A. P. P. Wibawa ◽  
I. M. Mudita
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Effective Microorganism

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan sekam padi difermentasi larutan EffectiveMicroorganism-4 (EM-4) dalam ransum disuplementasi daun sirih (Piper betle L.) terhadap performans dan karkasitik bali betina, umur 22 minggu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan yaituransum tanpa sekam padi (A), ransum mengandung 12,50% sekam padi (B), ransum mengandung 12,50 % sekampadi difermentasi EM-4 (C), ransum mengandung 12,50% sekam padi dan daun sirih (D), serta ransum 12,50%sekam padi difermentasi EM-4 dan daun sirih (E). Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas empat ulangan dan setiap ulanganberisi lima ekor ituik bali betina, Variabel yang diamati konsumsi ransum, konsumsi antioksidan ransum, bobotbadan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, feed conversion ratio dan karkas meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas danpersentase karkas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 12,50 % sekam padi difermentasi EM-4 sertadisuplementasi daun sirih tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum(P>0,05), namun dapat menghasilkanbobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan lebih tinggi (P<0,05), serta FCR yang lebih rendah (P<0,05) sertabobot karkas dan persentase karkas yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan yang lainnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwapemberian sekam padi yang difermentasi EM-4 serta disuplementasi daun sirih dapat memperbaiki performansdan karkas yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan yang lainnya.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Swimming Pool Conditions and Floor Types on Growth Performance and Footpad Dermatitis in Indoor-Reared White Roman Geese

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Shih-Chieh Liao ◽  
Pei-Xuan Lu ◽  
Shih-Yi Shen ◽  
Chih-Chang Hsiao ◽  
Ching-Yi Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Foot Disease

Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is a major foot disease in modern poultry production, and it affects both poultry health and animal welfare. It refers to inflammation and necrotizing lesions on the plantar surface of the footpads and toes. We investigated the effects of providing a swimming pool and different floor types on growth performance and FPD score in indoor-reared White Roman geese. Forty-eight male and 48 female White Roman geese were randomly allocated to pens with or without a swimming pool and with either mud or perforated plastic floor and reared from 15 to 84 days of age. Growth performance measurements included feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). FI, WG, and FCR were significantly decreased at various growth periods in geese provided with a pool. Lower WG and bodyweight for the perforated plastic floor group were found at 15–28 and 28 days of age, respectively. The geese reared on the perforated plastic floors without a pool had higher FPD scores at 70 and 84 days of age than those with other rearing conditions. A higher incidence of FPD score 1 was observed in geese raised without a pool. In conclusion, providing a pool can improve footpad health in indoor-reared White Roman geese but may not benefit growth performance.

scholarly journals Influence of Enzyme Supplementation in the Diets of Broiler Chickens Formulated with Different Corn Hybrids Dried at Various Temperatures

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Franciele C. N. Giacobbo ◽  
Cinthia Eyng ◽  
Ricardo V. Nunes ◽  
Cleison de Souza ◽  
Levy V. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

We evaluated the influence of enzymatic supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota of broilers. A total of 2160 1-day-old male chicks were used in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (three corn hybrids, two drying temperatures −80 and 110 °C, with or without the inclusion of an enzymatic blend (amylase, xylanase, and protease) (20 birds/pen, n = 9). For all performance and digestibility parameters, we observed, in general, isolated effects of the corn hybrids and drying temperature. Birds that received the enzymatic blend in the diet showed better weight gain from 1 to 21 days (d) and better digestibility coefficients of nutrients at 42 d. Birds fed diets with corn dried at 80 °C showed a better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d. At 21 d of age, enzymatic supplementation had positive effects on jejunum morphology. Enzyme supplementation increased the abundance of the phylum Tenericutes, class Bacilli and Mollicutes, reduced Clostridia, and increased the abundances of the families Lactobacillaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and O_RF39;F. In conclusion, the addition of amylase, xylanase, and protease led to a better nutrient digestibility, performance, and intestinal morphology. In addition, enzyme supplementation changed the diversity, composition, and predicted function of the cecal microbiota at d 21.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Remediation Strategies on the Environmental Quality of Aquaculture Ponds in Marilao and Meycauayan, Bulacan, Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vincent R. Pleto ◽  
Mark Dondi M. Arboleda ◽  
Jessica F. Simbahan ◽  
Veronica P. Migo
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
River System ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Aquaculture Ponds

Background. Water quality in the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando river system (MMORS) of Bulacan, the Philippines, is of great concern due to the pollution load from local industries. The river system is currently used as a source of water for the aquaculture industry in Bulacan. Objectives. In order to address organic and heavy metal pollution, several remediation strategies were tested in aquaculture ponds along the river system. Strategies such as phytoremediation (vetiver grass pontoons), application of probiotics and zeolite (with filtration as pre-treatment) were utilized in ponds to decrease or remove toxic pollutants in water and sediments. Methods. Two sites were chosen as the pilot remediation sites – ponds in Barangay Nagbalon, Marilao and Barangay Liputan, Meycauayan, Bulacan. Pond bottom preparation was done to improve the condition of the pond bottom sediments before stocking by adding zeolite. Physicochemical parameters of water such as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, phosphate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were monitored throughout the culture period. Heavy metals in sediments and fish were monitored. Fish parameters such as average body weight and feed conversion ratio were determined. Results. The DO levels were below recommended levels in the morning and reached a supersaturated level in the afternoon. Ammonia and COD levels were above recommended limits. A decreasing trend was observed for ammonia levels in treatment ponds. In terms of the growth of milkfish, the pond with probiotics showed the highest growth and better feed conversion ratio in Nagbalon and in the phytoremediation pond in Liputan. Percentage survival of milkfish was much higher at Liputan. Copper, chromium, lead and manganese were detected in pond sediments. After application of zeolite, there was a decrease in lead levels throughout the culture period. Conclusions. The different remediation studies were compared in terms of cost, effectivity and application and phytoremediation (vetiver grass pontoons) was determined to be the most cost-effective remediation strategy. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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