scholarly journals Sire Effects on Post-Weaning Growth of Beef-Cross-Dairy Cattle: A Case Study in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Natalia Martín ◽  
Nicola Schreurs ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
Nicolás López-Villalobos ◽  
Julie McDade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Progeny Group

Little is known about the growth performance of beef sires used over dairy cows in New Zealand. This experiment aimed to evaluate the growth of Angus and Hereford sires via progeny testing of beef-cross-dairy offspring born to dairy cows and grown on hill country pasture. Live weights at 131, 200, 400, 600 and 800 days were analysed from a dataset of 5208 records from 1101 progeny of 73 sires. The means of the progeny group means for live weight were 118.6 kg at 131 days, 159.1 kg at 200 days, 284.2 kg at 400 days, 427.0 kg at 600 days and 503.6 kg at 800 days, and the overall daily growth rate was 0.58 kg/day from 131 to 800 days. The sire affected (p < 0.05) the live weight of their progeny at all ages. Differences in live weights between the lightest and heaviest progeny group means increased from 19 kg at 131 days to 90 kg at 800 days. Even though growth of calves was likely restricted to 200 days, live weight at 200 days explained 51–56% of the variation in live weights at 400 and 600 days (p < 0.05). Thus, the use of beef sires selected for growth has the potential to increase the live weight of cattle born on dairy farms for meat production.

scholarly journals Evolution in Configuration and Productivity of New Zealand Hill Country Sheep and Beef Cattle Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Januarius Gobilik ◽  
Stephen Todd Morris ◽  
Cory Matthew
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Cattle Systems

Metabolic energy budgeting (MEB) was used to evaluate evolution over 30 years (1980–1981 to 2010–2011) in New Zealand southern North Island ‘hill country’ sheep and beef cattle systems. MEB calculates energy required by animals for body weight maintenance, weight gain or loss, pregnancy, and lactation to estimate the system feed demand and thereby provide a basis for calculating feed conversion efficiency. Historic production systems were reconstructed and modeled using averaged data from industry surveys and data from owners’ diaries of three case-study farms and reviewed for patterns of change over time. The modeling indicated that pasture productivity was 11% lower and herbage harvested was 14% lower in 2010–2011 than in the early 1980s. This productivity decline is attributable to warmer, drier summer weather in recent years. However, primarily through increased lambing percentage, feed conversion efficiency based on industry data improved over the study period from 25 to 19 kg feed consumed per kg lamb weaned, while meat production rose from 137 to 147 kg per ha per year. Similar improvements were observed for the three case farms. The New Zealand MEB model was found effective for analysis of tropical beef production systems in Sabah, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Complex feed additive for broiler fattening of ducklings

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
David Pogosyan ◽  
Roman Tyurdenev
Keyword(s):  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to develop an effective feed additive with an optimal content of raw protein in combination with flavoring additives for ducklings, which allows to increase zoo technical and economic indicators with broiler technology of fattening young animals. Research methods. A scientific and production experiment was conducted on three groups of analog ducklings from a daily age to 49 days old. The studied indicators are: the dynamics of live weight by fattening phases, absolute and average daily growth, the safety of young animals, feed conversion, slaughter indicators, the European fattening efficiency indicator, the profitability of meat production. Results. The use of compound feeds with an optimal level of protein content in combination with flavoring additives prepared on the basis of developed feed additives intended for fattening broiler ducklings in the fattening phases contributes to an increase in: live weight by 11.4 %, the safety of young animals by 3 %, feed consumption and conversion by 3.9 and 7.6 %, slaughter yield of 1.1 %, the European fattening efficiency indicator from 246 to 308 units and the profitability of meat production by 24.5 %. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a complex feed additive has been developed, which, according to the age periods of fattening, includes three varieties: “Prestart”, intended for intensive fattening of young animals from daily to 10 days of age inclusive, “Start” for ducklings from 11 to 21 days and “Finish” from 22 to 49 days. The rate of introduction of the additive is 30 % of the mass of mixed feed. The composition of the supplement includes high-protein feeds, premixes, amino acids and flavoring substances (monosodium glutamate, acetic and citric acids, a mixture of phytogenics: oregano, cinnamon, red pepper).

The effect of feeding period and trenbolone acetate on the potential of culled dairy cows for beef production

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Garnsworthy ◽  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
M. Grantley-Smith ◽  
D. W. Jones ◽  
A. R. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

ABSTRACTSixty-four Friesian/Holstein cows culled from dairy herds were selected for uniformity and general health. They were allocated to five groups of 12 on the basis of body condition and live weight excluding the two cows at each extreme. These four cows indicated the range of condition and live weight in the sample and were slaughtered at the beginning of the trial with one group of 12 cows. Of the remaining four groups, two were implanted with 300 mg trenbolone acetate (Finaplix, Hoechst) and two used as unimplanted controls; one implanted group and one control group were slaughtered after 60 days and the remaining cows after 100 days. All cows were individually fed to appetite on a pelleted diet of 500 g dried lucerne and 500 g barley per kg. After slaughter the left side of each carcass was cut into primal joints and then separated into fat, lean and bone.Implantation resulted in greater live-weight gains to 60 days (1·35 v. 112 kg/day, P > 0·05) and to 100 days (1·31 v. 0·92 kg/day, P < 0·01), greater lean meat production and an increase in the lean proportion of carcasses.Feeding cows for 100 days rather than for 60 days led to higher slaughter weights but daily live-weight gain decreased and food intake increased progressively between 60 and 100 days. Carcasses from cows slaughtered at 100 days had significantly higher lean, fat and bone weights (P < 0·01) but as a proportion of side weight only the fat proportion of the carcass was significantly increased (P < 0·05).It was concluded that the supplementary feeding of cull cows produced heavier carcasses but at these high rates of gain increased yield was at the expense of proportionately more fat in the carca?.s. This problem was partially countered by implantation with trenbelone acetate.

scholarly journals A Framework for Reviewing Silvopastoralism: A New Zealand Hill Country Case Study

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Mackay-Smith ◽  
Lucy Burkitt ◽  
Janet Reid ◽  
Ignacio F. López ◽  
Chris Phillips
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
Specific Outcome

Silvopastoral systems can be innovative solutions to agricultural environmental degradation, especially in hilly and mountainous regions. A framework that expresses the holistic nature of silvopastoral systems is required so research directions can be unbiased and informed. This paper presents a novel framework that relates the full range of known silvopastoral outcomes to bio-physical tree attributes, and uses it to generate research priorities for a New Zealand hill country case study. Current research is reviewed and compared for poplar (Populus spp.), the most commonly planted silvopastoral tree in New Zealand hill country, and kānuka (Kunzea spp.), a novel and potentially promising native alternative. The framework highlights the many potential benefits of kānuka, many of which are underappreciated hill country silvopastoral outcomes, and draws attention to the specific outcome research gaps for poplar, despite their widespread use. The framework provides a formalised tool for reviewing and generating research priorities for silvopastoral trees, and provides a clear example of how it can be used to inform research directions in silvopastoral systems, globally.

An economic selection index for lean meat production in New Zealand sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Simm ◽  
M. J. Young ◽  
P. R. Beatson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Index Selection ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Economic Selection ◽  
Lean Weight

ABSTRACTAn economic selection index was derived for terminal sire sheep breeds or strains, using physical and financial results from New Zealand export lamb-producing flocks. The aggregate breeding value of the index comprised carcass lean weight and carcass total fat weight. Index measurements were live weight, ultrasonic fat depth and ultrasonic muscle depth. Economic values used for lean and fat weights (NZ$5·65 and NZ$–1·2 per kg, respectively) were the change in profit per kg increase in lean or fat weight from that in the average carcass of lambs slaughtered in 1984/85. The s.d. of the aggregate breeding value was NZS3·20, and the correlation between the full index and the aggregate breeding value was 0·23. This correlation fell to 0·18, 0·15 and 0·07, respectively, when muscle depth or fat depth or muscle and fat depths were omitted from the index. Selection on the full index, or on the index omitting muscle depth was expected to lead to an increase in carcass lean weight and a slight decrease in carcass fat weight. Selection on the index omitting fat depth, or selection on live weight alone, was expected to lead to an increase in both fat and lean weights.

Live weight and body condition score of mixed-aged beef breeding cows on commercial hill country farms in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Franziska Weik ◽  
Jason A. Archer ◽  
Steve T. Morris ◽  
Dorian J. Garrick ◽  
Stephen P. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Condition Score

scholarly journals Sire Effects on Carcass of Beef-Cross-Dairy Cattle: A Case Study in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Natalia Martín ◽  
Nicola Schreurs ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
Nicolás López-Villalobos ◽  
Julie McDade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Meat Color ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Color Score

There is interest in increasing the carcass value of surplus calves born in the dairy industry that are reared for beef production in New Zealand. This experiment evaluated the carcass of Angus and Hereford sires via progeny testing of beef-cross-dairy offspring grown on hill country pasture. Weight and carcass traits were analyzed from 1015 animals and 1000 carcasses of 73 sires. The mean of the progeny group means was 567 kg for live weight at slaughter, 277 kg for carcass weight, 48.9% for dressing-out, 240.3 cm for carcass length, 73.6 cm2 for eye muscle area, 7.4 mm for rib fat depth, 0.91 for marble score, 3.05 for fat color score, 3.01 for meat color score, and 5.62 for ultimate pH. Sire affected (p < 0.05) carcass size and fat traits, but not fat color, meat color, or ultimate pH (p > 0.05). There was a 46 kg increase in carcass weight between the best and worst sires tested. Carcass fat traits were the most variable among sires. The use of genetically superior beef-breed sires over dairy-breed cows has the potential to increase carcass weights from surplus calves born in the dairy industry, while maintaining adequate fat levels and carcass quality.

scholarly journals Sire Effects on Birth Weight, Gestation Length, and Pre-Weaning Growth of Beef-Cross-Dairy Calves: A Case Study in New Zealand

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Lucy Coleman ◽  
Penny Back ◽  
Hugh Blair ◽  
Nicolas López-Villalobos ◽  
Rebecca Hickson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Beef Breed

Production of beef-cross-dairy calves from dairy cows increases the value of non-replacement calves born to the dairy herd. The use of beef-breed sires may impact on calf birth weight, gestation length and pre-weaning growth rate of calves, which in turn influences the profitability of the dairy farm. The aim of this case study was to compare the birth weight, gestation length, and pre-weaning growth of progeny born to mixed-aged dairy cows on a single farm which were artificially bred to a selection of Angus and Hereford bulls, typical of those used over dairy herds in New Zealand. The birth weight, gestation length and pre-weaning growth of 980 calves sired by 65 sires were compared. Mean progeny birth weight (range 33.3–41.4 kg), gestation length (range 276.1–288.6 days), age at weaning (range 70.3–88.3 days) and pre-weaning ADG (range 0.63–0.76 kg/d) differed among sires (p < 0.001). There was a negative genetic correlation (−0.31) and positive phenotypic correlation (0.36) between gestation length and birth weight. Age at weaning was negatively correlated with birth weight (genetic: −0.56, phenotypic: −0.57). Bulls used in this study, and other bulls with similar genetic merit for birth weight and gestation length would be suitable for mating mixed-aged dairy cows in New Zealand.

Genotyping of New Zealand White Rabbits by PCR-RFLP Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Ye. Shevchenko ◽  
K. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To investigate the genetic structure of New Zealand white rabbits population by different types of DNA- markers. Methods. The individual genotypes of animals were identifi ed using the polymerase chain reaction with further determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-analysis). Results. The data on the distribution of allele variants of molecular markers in the population of rabbits were obtained; the impact of the genotype factor on meat production, prolifi cacy and milk production traits was determined. The relationship between genotypes by polymorphic DNA-markers of myostatin and progesterone receptor of animals and the values of meat productivity traits and reproduction capability was established. It was demonstrated that TT homozygotes excel other animals in the indices of average daily growth, while GG homozygotes excel others in prolifi cacy. Conclusions. The “desired” genotypes by myostatin gene (CC) and myostatin of rabbits were revealed. They may be used for targeted selection with the purpose of increasing the indices of meat production.

Evaluation of the performance of in-calf dairy heifers either housed or out-wintered on forage brassicas (stubble turnips)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 9-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S P Marsh ◽  
P Billington ◽  
C Brizuela ◽  
S Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Waste Storage

There is increased interest in out-wintering systems which have the potential to reduce costs and hence increase farm profitability. Out-wintering also offers the potential to increase herd size, within the constraints of Nitrate Vulnerable Zone (NVZ) restrictions without the substantial capital costs associated with waste storage. The majority of out-wintering research has focused on kale and its utilisation by dry dairy and suckler cows where relatively modest performance levels are required. In a comprehensive review on forage brassica for out-wintering stock (MDC 2007) it was stated that “despite the developments in New Zealand in the use of brassica based out-wintering systems for dry dairy cows, there seems to be no detailed studies on the use of these systems for growing (0.7-0.85kg daily live weight gain [DLWG]) dairy heifers”. The objective of this experiment was therefore to evaluate the performance of replacement dairy heifers either housed or out-wintered on forage brassicas (stubble turnips).

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