Genotyping of New Zealand White Rabbits by PCR-RFLP Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Ye. Shevchenko ◽  
K. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To investigate the genetic structure of New Zealand white rabbits population by different types of DNA- markers. Methods. The individual genotypes of animals were identifi ed using the polymerase chain reaction with further determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-analysis). Results. The data on the distribution of allele variants of molecular markers in the population of rabbits were obtained; the impact of the genotype factor on meat production, prolifi cacy and milk production traits was determined. The relationship between genotypes by polymorphic DNA-markers of myostatin and progesterone receptor of animals and the values of meat productivity traits and reproduction capability was established. It was demonstrated that TT homozygotes excel other animals in the indices of average daily growth, while GG homozygotes excel others in prolifi cacy. Conclusions. The “desired” genotypes by myostatin gene (CC) and myostatin of rabbits were revealed. They may be used for targeted selection with the purpose of increasing the indices of meat production.

Reactions of physiological systems in the organisms of rats to feeding with low and high doses of germanium “nanoaquacitrate”

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fedoruk ◽  
O. Dolaychuk ◽  
I. Kovalchuk ◽  
M. Tsap
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
High Doses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To investigate the genetic structure of New Zealand white rabbits population by different types of DNA- markers. Methods. The individual genotypes of animals were identifi ed using the polymerase chain reaction with further determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-analysis). Results. The data on the distribution of allele variants of molecular markers in the population of rabbits were obtained; the impact of the genotype factor on meat production, prolifi cacy and milk production traits was determined. The relationship between genotypes by polymorphic DNA-markers of myostatin and progesterone receptor of animals and the values of meat productivity traits and reproduction capability was established. It was demonstrated that TT homozygotes excel other animals in the indices of average daily growth, while GG homozygotes excel others in prolifi cacy. Conclusions. The “desired” genotypes by myostatin gene (CC) and myostatin of rabbits were revealed. They may be used for targeted selection with the purpose of increasing the indices of meat production.

A genetic analysis of wool and lamb production traits in Scottish Blackface Sheep

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
A. Murphy ◽  
J. Conington
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Wool Quality ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Scottish Blackface sheep have a multi-purpose role in the UK to produce breeding females and lambs for meat consumption. Over the last fifty years, wool has accounted for a very low proportion of economical return from hill sheep production in the UK. In recent years, the ratio of the value of lamb meat to wool clip has altered, with wool becoming relatively more important in particular for hill breeds. The consequence of direct selection for improved carcass traits in these breeds on wool quality is unknown. With other sheep breeds such as Merino, selection for improved wool traits has largely been undertaken with little regard to the impact on meat production. The objectives of this study are to quantify wool quality traits and examine genetic relationships between wool quality and carcass traits in Scottish Blackface sheep.

scholarly journals Isozyme, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and Restriction Fragment-length Polymorphism (RFLP) Markers Used to Deduce a Putative Parent for the `Braeburn' Apple

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Gardiner ◽  
H.C.M. Bassett ◽  
C. Madie ◽  
D.A.M. Noiton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Information about a rare allele of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) that is shared by `Braeburn' and 16% of cultivars in the New Zealand Cultivar Collection was combined with historical information about cultivar distribution to select a set of 15 cultivars for a more detailed genetic analysis of their relatedness to the key New Zealand apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) `Braeburn'. DNA from all 16 cultivars was examined by RFLP analysis using 41 probe-enzyme combinations and also by RAPD analysis with 39 selected primers. The RFLP and RAPD data excluded a proposal that `Lady Hamilton' and `Braeburn' are genetically identical. All cultivars except `Lady Hamilton' were excluded as potential parents for `Braeburn' based on incompatible RFLP banding. Assessment of genetic distances between `Braeburn' and the other 15 cultivars from RFLP and RAPD data demonstrated that `Lady Hamilton' was more closely related to `Braeburn' than all others. We conclude that there is a high likelihood that `Lady Hamilton' is one of the parents of `Braeburn'.

scholarly journals Economic values for evaluating pasture plant traits

2012 ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Chapman ◽  
J.R. Bryant ◽  
W.H. Mcmillan ◽  
E.N. Khaembah
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
The Impact

Economic values (EVs) are an estimate of the change in farm system profit per unit of change in a defined plant trait. Cultivars within species such as perennial ryegrass differ in the major production traits of dry matter yield, nutritive value and persistence, but the impact of those differences on farm financial performance is seldom calculated and reported. This paper explains what EVs are, describes how they can be calculated, and discusses some of the associated methodological issues. EVs have been derived for seasonal dry matter yield in New Zealand dairy systems. Extra feed produced in late spring has consistently low economic value, while extra feed produced in early spring has consistently high value. There have been no systematic investigations into the EVs of nutritive value and persistence in New Zealand pastures; this is a clear opportunity for future research. The lack of data on cultivar differences in these traits will restrict the application of EVs to pasture cultivar evaluation. This gap is now being addressed by new industry initiatives. Keywords: pasture cultivars, evaluation, traits, economic values, performance values

scholarly journals Effect of Feeding Hay on Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Appetite-Suppressed Pregnant New Zealand White Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Jesse W Veenstra ◽  
Adam J Filgo ◽  
Steven C Denham
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reproductive Toxicology ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pregnancy Toxemia ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The Impact

Pregnant rabbits are a common nonrodent model for reproductive safety evaluation in preclinical drug development. During reproductive toxicology studies, rabbits are prone to decreased food consumption and anorexia. When persistent or severe, this condition can lead to hepatic lipidosis and pregnancy toxemia, which may confound the interpretation of study results. Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFAs) have been used in veterinary production medicine to evaluate the impact of diet on the energy balance of pregnant animals. In the current study, sustained-release buprenorphine was used to suppress the appetite of pregnant New Zealand white rabbits, mimicking the clinical presentation of animals in reproductive toxicology studies. Sequential NEFA evaluations during gestation, along with other clinical endpoints, such as the necessity and duration of veterinary intervention, were used to evaluate the effects of feeding hay and a pelleted diet as compared with a pelleted diet alone. Elevated NEFA levels were directly correlated to litter size, the number of viable fetuses and the number of days on veterinary consult due to severely decreased consumption of pelleted diet. Animals with hay as part of their diet did not require additional diet supplementation as determined by qualitative evaluation of hay intake and adequate fecal output. These data suggest that including hay as a portion of the standard diet benefits pregnant rabbits in laboratory or production settings.

scholarly journals Effect of UVA1 on hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear model

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Shen ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Rui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Dermal Thickness ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Uva1 Phototherapy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Hypertrophic scars (HTSs) are common and cause functional and psychological morbidity. UVA1 (340–400 nm) phototherapy has been previously shown to be effective in the treatment of localized scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, and POEMS syndrome with minimal side effects, all of which are presented as collagen fibrils hyperplasia that is common with scarring in skin histology. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of UVA1 on the protein expression of TGF-β signal pathway and myofibroblasts in a rabbit model of cutaneous scarring. Full-thickness skin wounds (2 cm × 5 cm in diameter) were made in New Zealand white rabbits to establish the hypertrophic scarring model. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two treatment groups (n=30 wounds per group with an equal number of controls): medium-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 60 J/cm2; high-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 110 J/cm2. Left ears were used for treatment and the right ones were used for control. Treatment was administered five times weekly for 6 weeks. Treated and untreated control wounds were harvested at various time points and examined by histologic examination, immunohistochemical assessment, and ultrastructural evaluation. The results showed that UVA1 phototherapy caused a significant reduction in dermal thickness by histological features, whereas the scar index was descended significantly in both medium- and high-dose UVA1 groups compared with the control group. Examination of immunohistochemistry also revealed a marked suppression of tissue growth factor-β (TGF-β) (both medium- and high-dose), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (only high-dose), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) (only high-dose), and apparent increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1) (both medium- and high-dose) compared with the control. The ultrastructural evaluation showed the collagen fibers’ diameter had shrunk, and that fibroblastic cytoplasm was not affluent and in a quiescent stage. These findings of the present study suggested that administration of UVA1 irradiation is effective to improve the experimental HTS model and raises a possibility of the therapeutic approach of UVA1 in the scar. Although not directly examined in the present study, MMP inhibition is hypothesized to be responsible for this effect. However, early UVA1 treatment could not prevent the formation of scar model.

scholarly journals Repeatability, reproducibility, and agreement of three tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. F. Bertens ◽  
Ralph J. S. van Mechelen ◽  
Tos T. J. M. Berendschot ◽  
Marlies Gijs ◽  
Jarno E. J. Wolters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate repeatability, reproducibility, and agreement of three commonly used tonometers in animal research (TonoLab, TonoVet, and TonoPEN AVIA) in a cohort of 24 rabbits. Additionally, the impact of sedation on IOP was investigated in 21 New Zealand White rabbits with the TonoVet tonometer. Repeatability was determined using the coefficient of variation (CoV) for two observers. For the TonoLab (6.55%) and TonoVet (6.38%) the CoV was lower than for the TonoPEN AVIA (10.88%). The reproducibility was highest for the TonoVet (0.2 ± 3.3 mmHg), followed by the TonoLab (0 ± 12.89 mmHg) and lowest for the TonoPEN AVIA (− 1.48 ± 10.3 mmHg). The TonoLab and TonoVet showed the highest agreement (r = 0.85, R2 = 0.73). After sedation, a significant IOP reduction (often > 25%) was observed. Our results show that among the three tonometers tested, the TonoVet tonometer is best for use in rabbits while the TonoLab should be avoided. The impact of sedation on IOP was substantial and should be taken into account during experimentation.

scholarly journals Sire Effects on Post-Weaning Growth of Beef-Cross-Dairy Cattle: A Case Study in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Natalia Martín ◽  
Nicola Schreurs ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
Nicolás López-Villalobos ◽  
Julie McDade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Progeny Group

Little is known about the growth performance of beef sires used over dairy cows in New Zealand. This experiment aimed to evaluate the growth of Angus and Hereford sires via progeny testing of beef-cross-dairy offspring born to dairy cows and grown on hill country pasture. Live weights at 131, 200, 400, 600 and 800 days were analysed from a dataset of 5208 records from 1101 progeny of 73 sires. The means of the progeny group means for live weight were 118.6 kg at 131 days, 159.1 kg at 200 days, 284.2 kg at 400 days, 427.0 kg at 600 days and 503.6 kg at 800 days, and the overall daily growth rate was 0.58 kg/day from 131 to 800 days. The sire affected (p < 0.05) the live weight of their progeny at all ages. Differences in live weights between the lightest and heaviest progeny group means increased from 19 kg at 131 days to 90 kg at 800 days. Even though growth of calves was likely restricted to 200 days, live weight at 200 days explained 51–56% of the variation in live weights at 400 and 600 days (p < 0.05). Thus, the use of beef sires selected for growth has the potential to increase the live weight of cattle born on dairy farms for meat production.

A Cytochemical Study of Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-PASE) in Cells Participating in Atherogenesis of Rabbit Aorta

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
Sidney D. Kobernick ◽  
Edna A. Elfont ◽  
Neddra L. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Cellular Alteration ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

This cytochemical study was designed to investigate early metabolic changes in the aortic wall that might lead to or accompany development of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The hypothesis that the primary cellular alteration leading to plaque formation might be due to changes in either carbohydrate or lipid metabolism led to histochemical studies that showed elevation of G-6-Pase in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbit aorta. This observation initiated the present investigation to determine how early in plaque formation and in which cells this change could be observed.Male New Zealand white rabbits of approximately 2000 kg consumed normal diets or diets containing 0.25 or 1.0 gm of cholesterol per day for 10, 50 and 90 days. Aortas were injected jin situ with glutaraldehyde fixative and dissected out. The plaques were identified, isolated, minced and fixed for not more than 10 minutes. Incubation and postfixation proceeded as described by Leskes and co-workers.

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