scholarly journals A Review of Legal Regulation of Religious Slaughter in Australia: Failure to Regulate or a Regulatory Fail?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1530
Author(s):  
Jessica Loyer ◽  
Alexandra L. Whittaker ◽  
Emily A. Buddle ◽  
Rachel A. Ankeny
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Religious Slaughter ◽  
Public Views ◽  
Parliamentary Oversight

While religious slaughter is not a new practice in Australia, it has recently attracted public concern regarding questions of animal welfare following unfavourable media coverage. However, the details of religious slaughter practices, including related animal welfare provisions, appear to be poorly understood by the Australian public, and no existing literature concisely synthesises current regulations, practices, and issues. This paper addresses this gap by examining the processes associated with various types of religious slaughter and associated animal welfare issues, by reviewing the relevant legislation and examining public views, while highlighting areas for further research, particularly in Australia. The paper finds shortcomings in relation to transparency and understanding of current practices and regulation and suggests a need for more clear and consistent legislative provisions, as well as increased independence from industry in the setting of the standards, enforcement and administration of religious slaughter. A starting point for legal reform would be the relocation of important provisions pertaining to religious slaughter from delegated codes to the responsible act or regulation, ensuring proper parliamentary oversight. In addition, more active public engagement must occur, particularly with regard to what constitutes legal practices and animal welfare standards in the Australian context to overcome ongoing conflict between those who oppose religious slaughter and the Muslim and Jewish communities.

Military Necessity and the Cultures of Military Law

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID LUBAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Law Of War ◽  
Military Necessity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Military Law ◽  
Interpretive Communities ◽  
The Military

AbstractMilitary and humanitarian lawyers approach the laws of war in different ways. For military lawyers, the starting point is military necessity, and the reigning assumption is that legal regulation of war must accommodate military necessity. For humanitarian lawyers, the starting point is human dignity and human rights. The result is two interpretive communities that systematically disagree not only over the meaning of particular law-of-war norms, but also over the sources and methods of law that could be used to resolve the disagreements. That raises the question whether military lawyers’ advice should acknowledge any validity to the contrary views of the ‘humanitarian’ community. The article offers a systematic analysis of the concept of military necessity, showing that civilian interests must figure in assessing military necessity itself. Even on its own terms, the military version of the law of war should seek to accommodate the civilian perspectives featured in the humanitarian version.

Selected issues related to the use of firearms for unlawful killing of animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Daniel Markiewicz ◽  
◽  
Bartłomiej J. Bartyzel ◽  
Michał Borusiński ◽  
Grzegorz Bogiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Penal Sanctions

The issue of post-mortem examination of animals, whose death occurred as a result of suffered gunshot wounds, is very rarely discussed in literature, most often on the occasion of researching into and describing other problems. This article presents an attempt to bring together the achievements of veterinary forensics in this area. As a starting point, the current legal regulation was adopted, pointing to penal sanctions resulting from the illegal use of weapons in relation to animals. Subsequently, the possibilities of using modern imaging techniques in post-mortem examinations carried out by veterinarians at the request of law enforcement agencies were presented. The scientific reports discussed herein have been supplemented by examples of sectional examinations carried out at the request of law enforcement agencies in Polish scientific institutions. The article indicates that the results of examination of gunshot wounds suffered by people in various circumstances may be used for the purpose of issuing forensic veterinary opinions, just as the results of examination of gunshot wounds of large mammals may be helpful in examining the effects of gunshot injuries in humans.

Youth Justice: Our Kids are Worth a Second Chance

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-230
Author(s):  
Julie Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Second Chance

Youth justice is at a crossroads in Australia. In every state and territory across the nation, governments are grappling with youth justice issues as they seek to reduce crime, improve community safety and respond to public concern that is being fanned by sensationalised media coverage.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals into Ukrainian Legislation: Some Theoretical and Applied Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Nadiia Kobetska ◽  
Lesia Danyliuk
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Legal Representation ◽  
The Law ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Legal Mechanism

European integration processes in Ukraine have led to the approximation of national legislation to European standards, including pet handling. The first and currently the only ratified European convention in Ukraine on protection and ensuring animal welfare is the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals. The article describes the major doctrinal, legislative and practical aspects of implementing this Convention into Ukrainian law. The legal regulation of the humane treatment of domestic animals in Ukraine is based on the Law of Ukraine on the protection of animals from cruel treatment, its provisions being of a general nature, and detailed solutions are found in other laws and regulations. Detailed rules for dealing with pets are determined by municipalities and they are implemented in the relevant administrative and territorial units. The concept of “animal rights”, despite its proclamation in the preamble to the Law of Ukraine on the protection of animals from cruel treatment, has no formal legal representation and reflection in Ukrainian legislation. Nevertheless, Ukrainian legal academic doctrine, legislative process and law enforcement practice are currently embodying the concept of animal welfare. The development and implementation of a coherent legal mechanism for pet handling is the major contributing factor in achieving pet welfare, therefore Ukraine needs a clear strategy to improve its legal regulation.

scholarly journals Diverging from News Media: An Exploratory Study on the Changing Dynamics between Media and Public Attention on Cancer in China from 2011-2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangkun Huang ◽  
Xiaoping Xu ◽  
Sini Su
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cancer Types

Over the past decade, China has witnessed fast-paced technological advancements in the media industry, as well as major shifts in the health agenda portrayed in the media. Therefore, a key starting point when discussing health communication lies in whether media attention and public attention towards health issues are structurally aligned, and to what extent the news media guide public attention. Based on data mined from 73,060 sets of the Baidu Search Index and Media Index on 20 terms covering different types of cancer from 2011 to 2020, the Granger test demonstrates that, in the last decade, public attention and media attention towards cancer in China has gone through two distinct phases. During the first phase, 2011-2015, Chinese news media still held the key in transferring the salience of issues on most cancer types to the public. In the second phase, from 2016-2020, public attention towards cancer has gradually diverged from media coverage, mirroring the imbalance and mismatch between the demand of active public and the supply of cancer information from news media. This study provides an overview of the dynamic transition on cancer issues in China over a ten-year span, along with descriptive results on public and media attention towards specific cancer types.

From stakeholder education to engagement, using strategies from social science.

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Beth Ventura ◽  
Erica Hogstad Fjæran
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
The Public

Abstract This chapter describes the challenges that arise when animal practitioners attempt to address the public regarding animal welfare rely on one-way education alone. Animal practitioners may benefit from a reimagining of what effective public engagement to improve animal welfare may look like.

Mass Media and the Social Amplification of Climate Change Risks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New York ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Forthcoming Article ◽  
Public Concerns

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Please check back later for the full article. Global warming was not on public or media agendas prior to 1998. In summer of that year, during an unusual heat wave, The New York Times and other major U.S. news organizations saliently reported warnings by NASA scientist James Hansen that the earth is warming. This alarm quickly spread to secondary media and to the news media of other nations. According to the “Quantity of Coverage Theory,” public concerns and governmental actions about a problem rise and fall with the extent of media coverage of that problem, a generalization that is applicable here. Over the next few years, global warming became part of a suite of worldwide issues (particularly the ozone hole, biodiversity, and destruction of rain forests) conceptualized as the “endangered earth,” more or less climaxing on Earth Day 1990. Media coverage and public concerns waned after 1990, thereafter following an erratic course until 2006, when they reached unprecedented heights internationally, largely but not entirely associated with former Vice President Al Gore’s promotion of human-caused climate change as “an inconvenient truth.” By this time, the issue had become highly polarized, with denial or discounting of the risk a hallmark of the political right, especially among American Republicans. International media coverage and public concern fell after 2010, but at this writing in 2015, these are again on the rise. The ups and downs of media attention and public concern are unrelated to real changes in the temperature of the atmosphere.

Sow agonistic behaviour of two breeds moved from individual stalls to an outdoor park

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
S. R. Silva ◽  
A. Lourenço ◽  
A. L. Fernades ◽  
E. LeBras ◽  
J. C. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Technical Developments

Public concern about animal welfare has increased both legislation and consumer pressure, to introduce new technical developments in sow’s housing. In recent years, there has been increased interest in less intensive production systems for pigs, including outdoor production. The issue of sow’s housing and its relation to welfare has been investigated for sometime now (SVC, 1997; McGlone et al., 2004). Concerns over animal welfare combined with European based scientific data have led to the progressive removal of gestation stalls in several European countries, and from 2013 the use of stalls will be restricted throughout the European Union. Therefore one of the greatest challenges in swine housing management is the development of a viable alternative to stalls. In this way, we carried out a study to (1) compare the agonistic behaviour of two breeds of sows moved from individual stalls to an outdoor park, and to (2) determine the evolution of behaviour throughout four weeks of study for each breed.

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