Selected issues related to the use of firearms for unlawful killing of animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Daniel Markiewicz ◽  
◽  
Bartłomiej J. Bartyzel ◽  
Michał Borusiński ◽  
Grzegorz Bogiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Penal Sanctions

The issue of post-mortem examination of animals, whose death occurred as a result of suffered gunshot wounds, is very rarely discussed in literature, most often on the occasion of researching into and describing other problems. This article presents an attempt to bring together the achievements of veterinary forensics in this area. As a starting point, the current legal regulation was adopted, pointing to penal sanctions resulting from the illegal use of weapons in relation to animals. Subsequently, the possibilities of using modern imaging techniques in post-mortem examinations carried out by veterinarians at the request of law enforcement agencies were presented. The scientific reports discussed herein have been supplemented by examples of sectional examinations carried out at the request of law enforcement agencies in Polish scientific institutions. The article indicates that the results of examination of gunshot wounds suffered by people in various circumstances may be used for the purpose of issuing forensic veterinary opinions, just as the results of examination of gunshot wounds of large mammals may be helpful in examining the effects of gunshot injuries in humans.

scholarly journals Methods of interaction of the state border service of Ukraine with other law enforcement authorities

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
I.I. Baidyuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Coordination Control ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Forecasting Method

The article is devoted to defining the concept and methods of interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement a. The meaning of the concept of "methods" is revealed. It is proposed to understand the methods of interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement agencies as a set of tools used by these entities within the current legislation to organize and maintain relations between them to ensure border security, prevent smuggling, illegal migration and transnational crime. Features of such administrative methods of management as regulatory, administrative and normative are considered. It is noted that regulatory methods take place in the interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement authorities. It is determined that persuasion as a universal method of management in the interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement authorities is absent, and an example of the method of coercion is liability for non-compliance with acts of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Such organizational methods in interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement authorities as planning, forecasting, method of information support, method of decision making, methods of organizing the implementation of decisions and monitoring their implementation, methods of instructing and work with personnel are singled out. Emphasis is placed on economic methods in the interaction of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine with other law enforcement authorities. The results of the survey show the problems in the use of methods of legal regulation, prohibitions, coercion, coordination, control in the management of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, which affect the effectiveness of its interaction with other law enforcement authorities and should be studied separately.

scholarly journals Юридизация области дисциплинарных отношений в рядах российской милиции (1917-1919 гг.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
С.Ю. Чимаров ◽  
В.С. Бялт
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies

The article presents an analysis of the legal regulation of the disciplinary responsibility of Russian militia employees during the period of the change in government models from the tsarist era to the era of democratic transformations and the transition to the Soviet-style government regime. Focusing on the desire of the new government to strictly systematize the issues of disciplinary responsibility of domestic police officers in the specified period of time, the authors substantiate the need to strengthen the police ranks on the basis of disciplining the personnel of the updated law enforcement agencies.

scholarly journals THE PLACE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW STANDARDS IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION OF JUDICIAL EXPERT INSTITUTIONS WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
А. О. Полянський
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the article is that the effectiveness and efficiency of interaction between forensic agencies and law enforcement agencies depends on many factors, one of which is a properly "constructed" system of legal acts. At the same time, the special nature of the interaction of these entities, the attraction of its content to the administrative and legal sphere, as well as the specifics of forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies in general necessitates a detailed review of legal principles in this area and determining the place of administrative and legal regulation. The purpose of the article is to establish a system of legal bases for the interaction of forensic institutions with law enforcement agencies, as well as to determine the place of administrative and legal regulation among them. It is established that the legal basis of interaction of forensic institutions with law enforcement agencies is a system of regulations and their provisions governing the legal status of forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies, as well as the content and procedure of interaction of these entities. It is proved that administrative-legal regulation is a type of branch of the general-legal category of legal regulation, which occurs with the help of administrative law and determines the impact of law on public relations of a special nature arising from the activities of public administration. That is, we are talking about the relationship of power and management influence that prevails in the work of public authorities, local governments and so on. This is a purposeful, comprehensive, streamlining impact of law on public relations in the sphere of government, which occurs through the rules of administrative law, which are part of the system of legal principles outlined above. It is emphasized that the legal basis for the interaction of forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies have an administrative and legal basis, which is expressed in a large number of rules of administrative law, enshrined in regulations of various legal force. This situation is due to the fact that the norms of this branch of law determine: the administrative and legal status of forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies; functions, powers and tasks assigned to law enforcement agencies and forensic institutions; mechanisms of interaction of forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies in performing their functions defined by law; organizational and practical goals of this interaction; etc.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SURVEILLANCE IN CRIME PREVENTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-209
Author(s):  
Nataliia Voitovych
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Generalization Problem ◽  
Xix Century

The aim of the research is to study the historical preconditions and legal regulation of surveillance in combating crime in the XIX century. At the same time, the author's goal is to compare peculiarities of the instruments of system fight against crime (the method of operational search actions, hereinafter - OSA) and covert investigative activities in countries with different forms of government and diverse political systems.The methodology of the research is: adherence to the principles of objectivity, scientificity and historicism contributed to consistent disclosure of preconditions, content and principles of surveillance as a measure and a method of OSA and covert investigative activities in combating and preventing crime actions. Mutual enrichment with historical and legal methods provided systemity of the research. Historical study of surveillance in combination with the study of regulatory legal acts created new opportunities for interdisciplinary research. The application of general scientific methods, namely systematization, generalization, problem-chronological, comparative-historical, historical-legal methods allowed to trace the influence of the legal component on the history of introduction and development of surveillance in the "long" XIX century and peculiarities of its usage in the conditions of the newly formed states and political systems in the interwar period.The scientific novelty lies in a detailed historical and legal analysis of the content of regulatory legal acts concerning legal grounds for surveillance, a comprehensive study of its content, gaps and peculiarities of usage in non-democratic political regimes.Conclusions. The article provides historical analysis of evolution and usage of surveillance, which has experienced several stages connected with improving the performance of security functions, in preventing crimes. The attention is focused on the most characteristic features of  implementing surveillance as a universal measure of obtaining information and distributing tasks between the states' law enforcement agencies and a means of combating representatives of political forces and structures constituting a real and hypothetical threat to the state / regime. The similarity of performing functions by law enforcement agencies (and the role of surveillance) in the conditions of different state formations, despite fundamental differences in the forms of government and the nature of political systems, is proved.

Systematization and improvement legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in law enforcement

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Vadim K. Barchukov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article systematizes legal acts at the international, Federal and departmental levels on the use of artificial intelligence in law enforcement. In particular, at the international level, the corresponding legal act, according to the author, should contain three components of legal regulation: 1) regulate the organization and construction of an artificial intelligence system between States; 2) determine the principles of functioning of artificial intelligence; 3) regulate the ethical issues of using artificial intelligence. The legal basis for the use of artificial intelligence systems in law enforcement at the Federal level, in addition to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, should be the Strategy for the development of the information society in the Russian Federation (Strategy) for 2017-2030, as well as some special Federal laws (for example, the Law of Moscow), which are designed to specify the mechanism for using the advantages of artificial intelligence in all spheres of public life, including law enforcement. The author notes that the mentioned strategy defines only the General provisions of the state policy on the development of information technologies and artificial intelligence technologies. At the same time, the implementation of national interests outlined in the Strategy is impossible without the effective work of law enforcement agencies, whose functioning, in turn, is impossible without a well-built system of interaction between information support and artificial intelligence. The final part of the paper presents some proposals for improving the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in law enforcement, in particular, justifies the need to adopt a national Doctrine for the use of a Unified system of information support and artificial intelligence in the activities of law enforcement agencies.

scholarly journals PRACTICAL AND LEGAL FEATURES OF USE LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS PHYSICAL FORCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (80) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
V.A. Kaznazcheev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Principle Of Legality

The presented research is devoted to the practical and legal features of the use of physical force by employees of law enforcement agencies. The work contains a legal analysis of these issues. The article examines the legal nature of this special coercion measure and outlines the legal significance of observing the principle of legality in its application. The scientific study provides examples of domestic and foreign practices concerning the consequences of violation of the requirements of the law by officials. The paper analyzes the statistical information on the state of crime for the first half of 2020 presented on the official portal of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and notes that issues related to abuse of authority by employees of power structures are of particular public and legal interest. Practice shows that the abuse of power by law enforcement officers in the use of physical force can lead to the emergence of public protests, reaching a wide scale. This fact necessitates a thorough study of the issues that arise in the course of the use of physical force by powerful subjects. The author outlines his own position on this topic, outlines the problems of legal regulation of the considered area of legal relations and suggests possible ways to resolve them.

scholarly journals Legal bases of activity of law enforcement bodies in the field of security in border areas of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
O.I. Nikitenko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Border Areas

This article is intended for the theoretical foundations of the strategy of security in the border areas of Ukraine by law enforcement agencies. Law enforcement agencies are existing in society and the state institutions and organizations that perform law enforcement and law enforcement functions whose main task is to ensure security in the border areas of Ukraine. At the current stage of development of Ukraine as a democratic social and legal state, taking into account the recent global changes in the world, the development of law enforcement agencies to ensure national and internal security from internal and external threats is one of the priorities of European policy. The choice of the population of Ukraine highlighted the problem of implementation of ratified agreements with the European Union, including the provisions of the European Charter in the field of security in the border areas of the state, as important components of the political and legal system of Ukraine. Ensuring state security, protection of the state border and protection in the border area of Ukraine in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine is entrusted to military formations and law enforcement agencies of the state. The state pays special attention to improving the legislation in the field of administrative and legal regulation in the field of national and internal security of the state from internal and external threats. The formation of the scientific doctrine of the scientific order in Ukraine has its own difficult history. Maintaining and strengthening the rule of law in society in modern conditions, as a necessary prerequisite for the effective functioning of an extensive human rights mechanism with the participation of state institutions, law enforcement agencies, civil society require thorough doctrinal support.

scholarly journals Activities of Detective Units in the National Police of Ukraine: Current Status and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
O. P. Zavorina ◽  
O. V. Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Private Detective ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Law ◽  
National Police

Ukrainian law enforcement agencies are undergoing a long-term transformation from a system of punitive law enforcement agencies to European-style law enforcement agencies, which should focus on providing services to the population and respecting human rights. One of the areas of the reform was the introduction of the Detective project in the National Police of Ukraine. It should be noted that detective work in Ukraine is a new type of professional activity. However, it should be noted that legal regulation of detective work of both civil servants (law enforcement detectives) and private detectives is absent in Ukraine, although in many countries around the world private detective work is legalized and benefits society. The adoption of the Law "On Private Detective Activity" will allow to establish proper state control over this type of activity at the legislative level and will legalize private detective activity, which is actually carried out, is in demand and recognized by society. However, there is an indisputable opinion in Ukraine that law enforcement activities can be performed exclusively by state structures. And the introduction and operation of private detectives will put an end to the state monopoly in this direction. However, there are also positive points: first of all, several thousand private detective agencies and private detectives must come out of the shadow, pay taxes, report to the police about criminal offenses that are being prepared or committed, provide intelligence, etc. Based on the above, we conclude that legislative regulation of such activities is required for the full work of police and private detectives, including amendments to the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Investigative Activities", departmental orders and instructions, in particular, to the Instruction on the organization of interaction of pre-trial investigative agencies with other agencies and units of the National Police of Ukraine in preventing criminal offenses. detection and investigation, approved by the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated from July 7, 2017, No. 575.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF THE FORENSIC MEDICAL DETERMINATION OF THE FORMATION MECHANISM OF BODY INJURIES DURING EXAMINATION OF DETAINED PERSONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-472
Author(s):  
V. Olkhovskyi ◽  
P. Kaplunovskiy ◽  
M. Gubin ◽  
V. Balanovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Forensic Assessment ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Medical Expert ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Special Means ◽  
Torture Victims

Detainees often complain about the unlawful use of force when special means and methods of detention were used, which they take as beatings and torture. Victims with such injuries commonly become the object of forensic medical examination of alive persons which is carried out during the trial and pre-trial investigation. There is a need to systematize and classify many types of mechanical and other types of injury: specific, typical or atypical for the well-known classical methods of hand-to-hand combat that law enforcement officers use. The purpose of this work was to characterize injuries in victims received during their detention by law enforcement agencies and provide their morphological and clinical analysis in order to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of these injuries’ forensic assessment in the examination of alive persons. Based on a retrospective morphological and clinical analysis of archival materials of the Kharkiv Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, the frequency and types of injuries, that were detected during the examination, of suspects injured in the course of their arrest by law enforcement agencies were determined. The features of forensic medical expert assessment in determining the mechanism, the severity of injuries associated with the detention of suspects by law enforcement agencies were defined. In the forensic medical expert practice, in the examination of alive persons when determining severity of injuries to suspects detained by law enforcement agencies, slight injuries and, in certain cases, injuries of moderate severity prevailed. The localization and the mechanism of bodily injuries formation in detained victims, in some cases, allows to qualify such injuries as specific for detention by law enforcement agencies. A further prospect of this study is the identification and justification of clear diagnostic indications for the forensic assessment of bodily injuries received by suspects when detained by law enforcement agencies that arise from the action of blunt solid, sharp objects, gunshot wounds.

scholarly journals Legal Mechanisms for Digitalization of the Activities of Prosecution Authorities

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Anna Churikova ◽  
Nina Manova ◽  
Mikhail Lavnov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Society ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Economic Well Being

Prosecution authorities in most countries act as guarantors of the legality and validity of criminal prosecution, thereby ensuring the social and economic well-being of the state and society. Outdated paper forms of interaction between prosecution authorities and other law enforcement agencies in criminal investigations overload the existing system and make it less effective. Using the main general scientific methods of cognition, the authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the legal regulation of the digitalization of the prosecution authorities. As a result of the study, three main tasks have been identified to which the digitalization of the activities of the prosecution authorities should be directed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document